喷射参数对点燃式重油直喷发动机小负荷性能的影响
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摘要
在一台采用低压空气辅助喷射技术的二冲程点燃式重油直喷发动机上,进行了燃油喷射参数对发动机性能影响的试验研究,研究了中等转速小负荷工况下,喷气结束时刻及过量空气系数对发动机动力性、燃油经济性及排放性能的影响。试验结果表明:节气门开度为10%时,随着喷气结束时刻提前,功率先增大后减小,油耗先减小后增加,HC及CO排放有小幅度减少;混合气由浓变稀时,功率增加,油耗降低,HC及CO排放大幅度减少。节气门开度为20%时,随着喷气结束时刻提前,功率增大,油耗减小,HC排放有小幅度减少,CO排放有小幅度增加;混合气由浓变稀时,油耗降低,HC及CO排放大幅度减少,最大功率出现在理论空燃比附近。
An experimental study on the influences of fuel injection parameters on the engine performance was carried out on a two-stroke engine with low pressure air assisted injection technology,and the effects of inject end time and excess air ratio on engine power,fuel economy and emission performance were studied under the conditions of middle speed under small load.Test results show that at the 10%throttle opening condition,with the end of the inject advance,the power first increases,then decreases,and the fuel consumption first decreases,then increases,and the HC and CO emissions are reduced.When mixed gas is diluted,the power increases,the fuel consumption is reduced,and the HC and CO emissions are reduced significantly.At the 20%throttle opening condition,with the end of the inject advances,the power increases,the fuel consumption decreases,HC emissions have a small decrease,and CO emissions have a small increase.When mixed gas is diluted,the fuel consumption is reduced,the HC and CO emissions are reduced greatly,and the maximum power appears in the stoichiomtric ratio.
An experimental study on the influences of fuel injection parameters on the engine performance was carried out on a two-stroke engine with low pressure air assisted injection technology,and the effects of inject end time and excess air ratio on engine power,fuel economy and emission performance were studied under the conditions of middle speed under small load.Test results show that at the 10%throttle opening condition,with the end of the inject advance,the power first increases,then decreases,and the fuel consumption first decreases,then increases,and the HC and CO emissions are reduced.When mixed gas is diluted,the power increases,the fuel consumption is reduced,and the HC and CO emissions are reduced significantly.At the 20%throttle opening condition,with the end of the inject advances,the power increases,the fuel consumption decreases,HC emissions have a small decrease,and CO emissions have a small increase.When mixed gas is diluted,the fuel consumption is reduced,the HC and CO emissions are reduced greatly,and the maximum power appears in the stoichiomtric ratio.
引文
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[2]张建良,秦琦峰,黄向华,等.小型航空二冲程活塞发动机建模及控制器在回路仿真研究[J].中国机械工程,2013,24(7):906-910.Zhang Jianliang,Qin Qifeng,Huang Xianghua,et al.Research on Modeling and ECU In-the-loop Simulation for Two Stroke Piston-areo Engine[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2013,24(7):906-910.
[3]许善珍,魏民祥,陈林林.二冲程发动机初始喷油脉谱图的仿真及验证[J].中国机械工程,2011,22(11):2682-2685.Xu Shanzhen,Wei Minxiang,Chen Linlin.Simulation Calculation and Verification of Initial Injection MAP Based on Two Stroke Engine Numerical Model[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2011,22(11):2682-2685.
[4]Houston R,Bell G,Ahern S.High Specific Power Output Direct Injection 2-stroke Engine Applications[J].SAE Technical Paper,2005-32-0066.
[5]Cathcart G,Dickson G,Ahern S.The Application of Air-assist Direct Injection for Spark-ignited Heavy Fuel 2-stroke and 4-stroke Engines[R].SAETechnical Paper,2005-32-0065.
[6]王春丰,魏民祥.航空活塞发动机燃烧煤油冷起控制研究[J].航空动力学报,2012,27(7):1619-1624.Wang Chunfeng,Wei Minxiang.Research on Cold Start Fuel Flow Control of Aero-piston Engine Burning Kerosene[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2012,27(7):1619-1624.
[7]Padala S,Bansal A,Ramesh A.Studies on an Air Assisted Gasoline Direct Injection System for a Two-stroke Engine[J].SAE Technical Paper,2008-28-0048.
[8]Groenewegen J R,Litke P,Wilson C,et al.The Performance and Emissions Effects of Utilizing Heavy Fuels and Biodiesel in a Small Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engine[C]//49th Aerospace Sciences Meeting AIAA.Orlando,Florida,2011:695-704.
[9]Groenewegen J R J,Sidhu S S,Hoke J L,et al.The Performance and Emissions Effects of Utilizing Heavy Fuels and Algae Based Biodiesel in a Port-fuel-injected Small Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engine[C]//47th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference&Exhibit.San Diego,2011:5807-5818.
[10]Falkowski D,Abata D,Cho P.The Performance of a Spark-ignited Stratified-charge Two Stroke Engine Operating on a Kerosene Based Aviation Fuel[J].SAE Technical Paper,1997:972737.
[11]陈昌巨,严志勇,周芳.采用电控夹气喷射方法降低内燃机排放研究[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(4):45-47.Chen Changju,Yan Zhiyong,Zhou Fang.Reducing Pollutant Emission by Electronic Air-forced Fuel Injection System[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2003,31(4):45-47.
[12]蔡晓林.FAI二冲程缸内直喷汽油机的研究[D].天津:天津大学,2005.
[13]莫胜钧.小型航空点燃式重油活塞发动机点火及火焰传播特性的模拟研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2012.
[14]石允.小型点燃式二冲程活塞重油发动机混合气形成的模拟研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2012.
[15]王永伟,魏民祥,杨海青,等.空气辅助缸内直喷发动机正时控制策略[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(12):2942-2947.Wang Yongwei,Wei Minxiang,Yang Haiqing,et al.Timing Control Strategies of Air-assisted Direct Injection Engine[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2014,29(3):2942-2947.