溴虫氟苯双酰胺对水稻主要害虫的毒性及对稻田天敌的影响
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摘要
为探究新型双酰胺类杀虫剂溴虫氟苯双酰胺对水稻主要害虫的毒性及对稻田天敌的影响,采用点滴法在室内测定了溴虫氟苯双酰胺对水稻主要害虫二化螟Chilo suppressalis、稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis和褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens的毒力,采用叶面喷雾法在大田测定了溴虫氟苯双酰胺对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的防效,对褐飞虱和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera发生及稻田主要天敌蜘蛛、黑肩绿盲蝽Cyrtorhinus lividipennis消长的影响。结果表明,药后48 h溴虫氟苯双酰胺对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟的LD_(50)分别为0.88 ng/头和0.31 ng/头,其毒力分别是对照药剂氟苯虫酰胺的1.49倍和1.61倍;而对褐飞虱的毒力较低,其LD_(50)>12.50 ng/头。5%溴虫氟苯双酰胺SC对二化螟和稻纵卷叶螟具有较好的田间防效,2016年和2017年经有效成分含量为22.50～30.00 g/hm~2的处理防治二化螟后的保苗效果和杀虫效果均在70.84%以上,经有效成分含量为26.25～30.00 g/hm~2的处理防治稻纵卷叶螟后的保叶效果和杀虫效果均在72.97%以上,高于或显著高于有效成分含量为25.50 g/hm~2的对照药剂20%氟苯虫酰胺WDG。有效成分含量为18.75～30.00 g/hm~2的5%溴虫氟苯双酰胺SC对稻飞虱发生无显著影响,药后3～7 d对稻田天敌蜘蛛消长有一定抑制作用,对黑肩绿盲蝽影响较小,药后14 d不同处理的蜘蛛和黑肩绿盲蝽数量均能恢复到空白对照水平。
In order to explore the toxicity of a new type of bisamide insecticide broflanilide on major rice pests and its influence on natural enemies in paddy fields, its toxicity to Chilo suppressalis, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Nilaparvata lugens was assayed indoors with drip method, and its field efficacies against the major rice pests, C. suppressalis and C. medinalis, the occurrence of N. lugens and Sogatella furcifera and major natural enemy spiders and Cyrtorhinus lividipennis in paddy fields were investigated with foliar spray method. The results indicated that the LD_(50) values of broflanilide against C. suppressalis and C. medinalis were 0.88 and 0.31 ng/head 48 h after treatment, respectively, which were 1.49 and 1.61 folds that of the control pesticide flubendiamide, respectively. However, its activity to N. lugens was low, with a LD_(50) value of more than 12.50 ng/head. Broflanilide 5% SC had better field efficacies against C. suppressalis and C. medinalis. The rice seedling-protective and insecticidal effects of the treatment at 22.50-30.00 g/hm~2 against C. suppressalis were over 70.84% in 2016 and 2017, and the leaf-protective and insecticidal effects of the treatment at 26.25-30.00 g/hm~2 against C. medinalis were above 72.97%, which were either superior or significantly better than that of the control pesticide flubendiamide 20% WDG at 25.50 g/hm~2. There was no significant effect on the occurrence of N. lugens and S. furcifera treated with broflanilide 5% SC at 18.75-30.00 g/hm~2, but it could inhibit the occurrence of natural enemy spiders in paddy fields at 3-7 days after treatment, with little effect on the occurrence of C. lividipennis. The densities of spiders and C. lividipennis returned to normal 14 days after treatment.
In order to explore the toxicity of a new type of bisamide insecticide broflanilide on major rice pests and its influence on natural enemies in paddy fields, its toxicity to Chilo suppressalis, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Nilaparvata lugens was assayed indoors with drip method, and its field efficacies against the major rice pests, C. suppressalis and C. medinalis, the occurrence of N. lugens and Sogatella furcifera and major natural enemy spiders and Cyrtorhinus lividipennis in paddy fields were investigated with foliar spray method. The results indicated that the LD_(50) values of broflanilide against C. suppressalis and C. medinalis were 0.88 and 0.31 ng/head 48 h after treatment, respectively, which were 1.49 and 1.61 folds that of the control pesticide flubendiamide, respectively. However, its activity to N. lugens was low, with a LD_(50) value of more than 12.50 ng/head. Broflanilide 5% SC had better field efficacies against C. suppressalis and C. medinalis. The rice seedling-protective and insecticidal effects of the treatment at 22.50-30.00 g/hm~2 against C. suppressalis were over 70.84% in 2016 and 2017, and the leaf-protective and insecticidal effects of the treatment at 26.25-30.00 g/hm~2 against C. medinalis were above 72.97%, which were either superior or significantly better than that of the control pesticide flubendiamide 20% WDG at 25.50 g/hm~2. There was no significant effect on the occurrence of N. lugens and S. furcifera treated with broflanilide 5% SC at 18.75-30.00 g/hm~2, but it could inhibit the occurrence of natural enemy spiders in paddy fields at 3-7 days after treatment, with little effect on the occurrence of C. lividipennis. The densities of spiders and C. lividipennis returned to normal 14 days after treatment.
引文
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