基于有约束非凸非线性整数规划的电厂管道保温优化研究
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摘要
目前对管道保温的经济厚度研究主要针对单层保温或双层保温,对管道多层保温缺少通用的计算模型。本文以最小化保温年总费用为目标函数,建立了管道多层保温的通用经济厚度模型,分析发现,该模型是有约束的非凸非线性整数规划模型。改进传统的遗传算法,使之适应经济厚度模型的约束条件。以管径508mm、壁厚41mm的厂区主蒸汽管道为计算案例,验证了管道多层保温经济厚度模型的准确性,与穷举法相比,其计算时间是穷举法的1/66。研究表明:对于该管道,相比于传统的单层和双层保温,三层保温能有效地降低年总费用和年散热损失费,年总费用分别降低了15.52%和8.04%,年散热损失费分别降低了19.74%和11.31%。
At present, the research on the economic thickness of pipeline insulation is mainly for single-layer insulation or double-layer insulation, and there is no general calculation model for multi-layer insulation of pipelines. In this paper, a general economic thickness model of multi-layer insulation of pipelines is established by minimizing the total annual cost of insulation. The model is a constrained non-convex nonlinear integer programming. The traditional genetic algorithm was modified to adapt to the constraint conditions. The calculation of the fresh steam pipe of the plant with a diameter of 508 mm and a wall thickness of 41 mm is used to verify the accuracy of the multi-layer insulation economic thickness model. Compared with the exhaustive method, the calculation time is 1/66 of the exhaustive method. The research suggests that for this pipeline, compared with the conventional single-layer and double-layer insulation, the three-layer insulation can effectively reduce the total annual cost and annual heat loss, and the annual total cost is respectively reduced by 15.52 % and 8.04 %. The annual heat loss cost is respectively reduced by 19.74 % and 11.31 %.
At present, the research on the economic thickness of pipeline insulation is mainly for single-layer insulation or double-layer insulation, and there is no general calculation model for multi-layer insulation of pipelines. In this paper, a general economic thickness model of multi-layer insulation of pipelines is established by minimizing the total annual cost of insulation. The model is a constrained non-convex nonlinear integer programming. The traditional genetic algorithm was modified to adapt to the constraint conditions. The calculation of the fresh steam pipe of the plant with a diameter of 508 mm and a wall thickness of 41 mm is used to verify the accuracy of the multi-layer insulation economic thickness model. Compared with the exhaustive method, the calculation time is 1/66 of the exhaustive method. The research suggests that for this pipeline, compared with the conventional single-layer and double-layer insulation, the three-layer insulation can effectively reduce the total annual cost and annual heat loss, and the annual total cost is respectively reduced by 15.52 % and 8.04 %. The annual heat loss cost is respectively reduced by 19.74 % and 11.31 %.
引文
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[2]Kaynakli O.Economic thermal insulation thickness for pipes and ducts:Areview study[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2014,30:184-194.
[3]Ozel M.Determination of optimum insulation thickness based on cooling transmission load for building walls in a hot climate[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2013,66:106-114.
[4]Mahlia T M I,Iqbal A.Cost benefits analysis and emission reductions of optimum thickness and air gaps for selected insulation materials for building walls in Maldives[J].Energy,2010,35(5):2242-2250.
[5]Kaynakli O.A review of the economical and optimum thermal insulation thickness for building applications[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2012,16(1):415-425.
[6]房琳,曲德林,刘福祯.空调建筑外墙和房顶经济绝热厚度的计算J].太阳能学报,2002,23(6):711-716.
[7]Ke?eba?A,Ali Alkan M,Bayhan M.Thermo-economic analysis of pipe insulation for district heating piping systems[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2011,31:3929-3937.
[8]Bahadori A,Vuthaluru H B.A simple correlation for estimation of economic thickness of thermal insulation for process piping and equipment[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2010,30:254-259.
[9]Bahadori A,Vuthaluru H B.A simple method for the estimation of thermal insulation thickness[J].Applied Energy,2010,87:613-619.
[10]王凯,孙玉芳,邵杰,等.经济参数变化对管道保温层经济厚度的影响[J].热力发电,2011,41(5):47-49.
[11]Kayfeci M,Yabanova?,Ke?eba?A,et al.The use of artificial neural network to evaluate insulation thickness and life cycle costs:Pipe insulation application[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2014,63(1):47-49.
[12]Zaki G M,Al-Turki A M.Optimization of multilayer thermal insulation for pipelines[J].Heat Transfer Engineering,2000,21(4):63-70.
[13]电力行业电力规划设计标准化技术委员会.DL/T 5072-2007火力发电厂保温油漆设计规程[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2007标准.
[14]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB 8175-2008设备及管道绝热设计导则[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008标准.
[15]刘明明,崔春风,童小娇,等.混合整数非线性规划的算法软件及最新进展[J].中国科学:数学,2016,46(1):1-20.
[16]王爽心,杨辉,张秀霞.基于混沌遗传算法的主蒸汽系统RBF-PID控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(23):87-92.
[17]孙一睿,李钰鑫,陈磊,等.基于遗传算法优化神经网络的SCR催化剂失效预测[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(S1):112-120.
[18]卓金武,王鸿钧.MATLAB数学建模方法与实践[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2018:119-126.