吡唑醚菌酯·二氰蒽醌对香蕉采后炭疽病的防治效果评价
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摘要
为筛选防治香蕉采后炭疽病的新型防腐保鲜药剂,2015年和2016年连续两年进行了复配药剂32%吡唑醚菌酯·二氰蒽醌水分散粒剂防治香蕉炭疽病的采后保鲜试验,对该药剂防治香蕉炭疽病的效果及安全性进行了评价。试验结果表明:32%吡唑醚菌酯·二氰蒽醌水分散粒剂有效成分用量640 mg/kg对香蕉炭疽病具有较好的防治效果,2015年药剂处理后12 d的防治效果为81.80%,2016年药剂处理后6 d的防治效果为83.36%,显著优于对照药剂22.7%二氰蒽醌悬浮剂500 mg/kg处理,与对照药剂250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯乳油500 mg/kg的处理防效相当。32%吡唑醚菌酯·二氰蒽醌水分散粒剂对香蕉果实安全,蕉果催熟后,果实颜色金黄,风味正常,值得推广应用于香蕉果实的采后保鲜贮运。
In order to screen a new preservative agent against post-harvest anthracnose disease for preservation of banana, a two-year consecutive experiment of pyraclostrobin·dithianon 32% WG was conducted to evaluate its efficacy and safety on controlling the post-harvest anthracnose of banana. The results showed that pyraclostrobin·dithianon 32% WG at 640 mg/kg had a good control effect on banana anthracnose, with the efficacies of 81.80% 12 days after fungicide treatment in 2015 was and 83.36% 6 days after treatment in 2016, which was significantly better than that of dithianon 22.7% SC at 500 mg/kg and equivalent to that of pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC at 500 mg/kg. Pyraclostrobin·dithianon 32% WG was safe for banana fruits. After ripened banana fruits, the fruits were golden in color and normal in flavor. It is worth promoting the application of this preservative agent in post-harvest storage and transportation of banana fruits.
In order to screen a new preservative agent against post-harvest anthracnose disease for preservation of banana, a two-year consecutive experiment of pyraclostrobin·dithianon 32% WG was conducted to evaluate its efficacy and safety on controlling the post-harvest anthracnose of banana. The results showed that pyraclostrobin·dithianon 32% WG at 640 mg/kg had a good control effect on banana anthracnose, with the efficacies of 81.80% 12 days after fungicide treatment in 2015 was and 83.36% 6 days after treatment in 2016, which was significantly better than that of dithianon 22.7% SC at 500 mg/kg and equivalent to that of pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC at 500 mg/kg. Pyraclostrobin·dithianon 32% WG was safe for banana fruits. After ripened banana fruits, the fruits were golden in color and normal in flavor. It is worth promoting the application of this preservative agent in post-harvest storage and transportation of banana fruits.
引文
[1] 徐大高,郑仲.香蕉炭疽病菌和黑星病菌对丙环唑的敏感性基线[J].华南农业大学学报,2003(3):85-86.
[2] 张德涛,高艳丽,黄永辉,等.香蕉采后果实炭疽病菌的鉴定及其生物学特性[J].华中农业大学学报,2011,30(4):438-442.
[3] MUIRH EAD I F, JONES D R. Postharvest diseases [M]//JONES D R. Diseases of banana, abacá and enset. Wallingford, CABI Publishing, 2000: 190-211.
[4] 戚佩坤.果蔬贮运病害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.
[5] 雷照鸣,梁艳琼,贺春萍,等.20%咪鲜胺水乳剂防治香蕉炭疽病效果评价[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(11):4830-4831.
[6] 韦相贤,成儒萍.450 g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂防治香蕉炭疽病药效试验[J].广西植保,2010,23(4):13-14.
[7] 付岗,黄思良,谢玲,等.45%咪鲜胺水乳剂对香蕉采后炭疽病的控制效果[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(23):11056-11057.
[8] 莫磊兴,邹瑜,李小泉,等.香蕉的采后生理与保鲜技术[J].广西农业科学,1998(5):51-53.
[9] 王璧生,刘景梅,蔡曼珊,等.50%特克多悬浮剂防治香蕉采后主要病害药效试验[J].广东农业科学,2004(6):70-71.
[10] 陈振东,郑涛,林秀香.香蕉采后生理及贮藏保鲜研究综述[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(7):61-64.
[11] The e-pesticide manual [DB/CD]. C D S Tomlin, 2010.
[12] 郭立新,段丽君,段维军,等.葡萄茎枯病菌生物学特性及室内药剂筛选研究[J].植物检疫,2014,28(5):1-5.
[13] UEOKA M, ALLINSON G, KELSALL Y, et al. Environmental fate of pesticides used in Australian viticulture: behaviour of dithianon and vinclozolin in the soils of the South Australian Riverland [J].Chemosphere,1997,35(12):2915-2924.
[14] UNTIEDT R, BLANKE M M. Effects of fungicide and insecticide mixtures on apple tree canopy photosynthesis, dark respiration and carbon economy[J]. Crop Protection, 2004, 23(10): 1001-1006.
[15] 农业部农药检定所.GB/T17980.96—2004,农药田间药效试验准则(二)第96部分:杀菌剂防治香蕉贮藏病害[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[16] 刘长令.世界农药大全:杀菌剂卷[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:139-143,248.
[17] 徐妍,王昌锦,潘静,等.20%二氰蒽醌·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂高效液相色谱分析[J].农药,2016(3):190-191.
[18] 兰丰,刘传德,周先学,等.二氰蒽醌和吡唑醚菌酯在枣中的残留行为及膳食摄入风险评估[J].农药学学报,2015,17(6):706-714.
[19] 周亚奎,陈旭玉,郑服丛.香蕉炭疽病生物防治研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2008(4):328-331.
[20] 许曼琳,段永平,吴祖建,等.芽孢杆菌两菌株对香蕉炭疽病菌的抑制作用及其机制[J].云南农业大学学报,2009,24(4):522-527.
[21] 付岗,叶云峰,吴永官,等.7株拮抗菌的鉴定及其对香蕉炭疽病的防治作用[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(2):358-364.
[22] 柳凤,陈振明,何红.CⅢ-1菌株胞外抗菌蛋白防治香蕉炭疽病研究[J].果树学报,2010,27(4):580-584.
[2] 张德涛,高艳丽,黄永辉,等.香蕉采后果实炭疽病菌的鉴定及其生物学特性[J].华中农业大学学报,2011,30(4):438-442.
[3] MUIRH EAD I F, JONES D R. Postharvest diseases [M]//JONES D R. Diseases of banana, abacá and enset. Wallingford, CABI Publishing, 2000: 190-211.
[4] 戚佩坤.果蔬贮运病害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.
[5] 雷照鸣,梁艳琼,贺春萍,等.20%咪鲜胺水乳剂防治香蕉炭疽病效果评价[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(11):4830-4831.
[6] 韦相贤,成儒萍.450 g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂防治香蕉炭疽病药效试验[J].广西植保,2010,23(4):13-14.
[7] 付岗,黄思良,谢玲,等.45%咪鲜胺水乳剂对香蕉采后炭疽病的控制效果[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(23):11056-11057.
[8] 莫磊兴,邹瑜,李小泉,等.香蕉的采后生理与保鲜技术[J].广西农业科学,1998(5):51-53.
[9] 王璧生,刘景梅,蔡曼珊,等.50%特克多悬浮剂防治香蕉采后主要病害药效试验[J].广东农业科学,2004(6):70-71.
[10] 陈振东,郑涛,林秀香.香蕉采后生理及贮藏保鲜研究综述[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(7):61-64.
[11] The e-pesticide manual [DB/CD]. C D S Tomlin, 2010.
[12] 郭立新,段丽君,段维军,等.葡萄茎枯病菌生物学特性及室内药剂筛选研究[J].植物检疫,2014,28(5):1-5.
[13] UEOKA M, ALLINSON G, KELSALL Y, et al. Environmental fate of pesticides used in Australian viticulture: behaviour of dithianon and vinclozolin in the soils of the South Australian Riverland [J].Chemosphere,1997,35(12):2915-2924.
[14] UNTIEDT R, BLANKE M M. Effects of fungicide and insecticide mixtures on apple tree canopy photosynthesis, dark respiration and carbon economy[J]. Crop Protection, 2004, 23(10): 1001-1006.
[15] 农业部农药检定所.GB/T17980.96—2004,农药田间药效试验准则(二)第96部分:杀菌剂防治香蕉贮藏病害[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2004.
[16] 刘长令.世界农药大全:杀菌剂卷[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:139-143,248.
[17] 徐妍,王昌锦,潘静,等.20%二氰蒽醌·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮剂高效液相色谱分析[J].农药,2016(3):190-191.
[18] 兰丰,刘传德,周先学,等.二氰蒽醌和吡唑醚菌酯在枣中的残留行为及膳食摄入风险评估[J].农药学学报,2015,17(6):706-714.
[19] 周亚奎,陈旭玉,郑服丛.香蕉炭疽病生物防治研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2008(4):328-331.
[20] 许曼琳,段永平,吴祖建,等.芽孢杆菌两菌株对香蕉炭疽病菌的抑制作用及其机制[J].云南农业大学学报,2009,24(4):522-527.
[21] 付岗,叶云峰,吴永官,等.7株拮抗菌的鉴定及其对香蕉炭疽病的防治作用[J].热带作物学报,2015,36(2):358-364.
[22] 柳凤,陈振明,何红.CⅢ-1菌株胞外抗菌蛋白防治香蕉炭疽病研究[J].果树学报,2010,27(4):580-584.