输变电工程环境影响综合评价指标体系的研究
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摘要
为了定量分析输变电工程的环境影响,建立了环境影响综合评价指标体系,采用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法量化了指标层、准则层和目标层的环境影响程度。综合分析输变电工程设计期、施工期和运行期三个阶段的环境污染、生态环境影响与社会影响等因素,选取了17个指标确定了输变电工程的环境影响评价指标体系,选择政府部门、企事业单位相关人员,采用发放调査问卷的方式对各指标重要性对比并赋值,利用层次分析法得到各层指标的权重,然后通过模糊综合评价法计算,得知输变电工程建设过程中施工期对环境影响较大,运营期次之,设计期较小,此外,输变电工程建设对环境综合影响介于"微弱不利"和"轻度不利"之间。本研究对输变电工程的环境影响评价及环境影响监管具有理论的指导作用,同时有助于量化分析个体输变电工程的环境影响程度。
Environmental im pact assessment indicator system was proposed in the paper in order to confirm environmental impact assessmentquantificationally, and the environmental impact assessment of electric power transmissioncould be displayed directlywith the help ofanalytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.Comprehensive analysisof 17 indexesreferred toenvironmental pollution, ecological environmental impact,social environment,etc. in the design phase, construction period and operating period, the assessment indicators of electric power transmission were selected exactly.Questionnaire was used to gather information from a group of peopleincludingapprovers, appropriate staff and so on, and using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index. Then, environmental impact of electric power transmissionwas quantified and calculatedbased on the method of fuzzy-synthetic evaluation, and the calculations indicated thatenvironmental impact in the construction periodoccupied first place; the operating period come second, and the minimal environmental impact in the design phase.Finally, comprehensive environmental impact of electric power transmission was calculated, and the value was between "slightadverse" and "mild adverse". This study providedguidance for environmental impact assessment and environmental management, and alsoit could offerquantitative analysis of environmental impactcaused by electric power transmission project.
Environmental im pact assessment indicator system was proposed in the paper in order to confirm environmental impact assessmentquantificationally, and the environmental impact assessment of electric power transmissioncould be displayed directlywith the help ofanalytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.Comprehensive analysisof 17 indexesreferred toenvironmental pollution, ecological environmental impact,social environment,etc. in the design phase, construction period and operating period, the assessment indicators of electric power transmission were selected exactly.Questionnaire was used to gather information from a group of peopleincludingapprovers, appropriate staff and so on, and using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index. Then, environmental impact of electric power transmissionwas quantified and calculatedbased on the method of fuzzy-synthetic evaluation, and the calculations indicated thatenvironmental impact in the construction periodoccupied first place; the operating period come second, and the minimal environmental impact in the design phase.Finally, comprehensive environmental impact of electric power transmission was calculated, and the value was between "slightadverse" and "mild adverse". This study providedguidance for environmental impact assessment and environmental management, and alsoit could offerquantitative analysis of environmental impactcaused by electric power transmission project.
引文
[1]濮文青,李志青,余寒,王圣,杨凯.输变电环境影响评价及竣工环保验收相关要点分析[J].电力科技与环保,2011,27(4):5-8.
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[3]傅利成.输变电设施电磁环保纠纷应对处置的思考[J].大众用电,2014,(4):11-12.
[4]许杨,张小青,杨大晟.高压输电线路工频电磁环境[J].电力学报,2007,22(1):9-14.
[5]罗超,查智明,姚为方.高压输变电工程中的环境问题及其管理和应对[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(3),11-13.
[6]濮文青,王圣,宋燕燕,潘超.输变电建设项目环境影响评价的认识与实践[J].电力环境保护,2009,25(2):38-40.
[7]唐勇俊,张峥,魏小淤,袁智强.上海电网输变电工程项目后评价指标体系研究[J].电力与能源,2016,37(3):322-324.
[8]沈娟.包头至呼市东500k V输变电工程环境影响评价研究[D].北京:2011.24-31.
[9]袁运祥,袁运鸿.三峡工程对环境与生态影响的综合评价方法[J].深圳大学学报(理工版),1994,11(3):74-84.
[10]王荣军,谢余初,张影,潘峰,王颖,巩杰.基于PSR模型的旱区城市湿地生态安全评估[J].生态科学,2015,34(3):133-138.
[11]赵焕新.基于层次分析法的矿区各矿复垦优先度评价[J].能源环境保护,2016,30(1):57-60.
[2]李培栋,任妍,史雪飞,赵晓琳.浅谈输变电工程的环保问题[J].价值工程,2010,29(21):191.
[3]傅利成.输变电设施电磁环保纠纷应对处置的思考[J].大众用电,2014,(4):11-12.
[4]许杨,张小青,杨大晟.高压输电线路工频电磁环境[J].电力学报,2007,22(1):9-14.
[5]罗超,查智明,姚为方.高压输变电工程中的环境问题及其管理和应对[J].环境科学与管理,2012,37(3),11-13.
[6]濮文青,王圣,宋燕燕,潘超.输变电建设项目环境影响评价的认识与实践[J].电力环境保护,2009,25(2):38-40.
[7]唐勇俊,张峥,魏小淤,袁智强.上海电网输变电工程项目后评价指标体系研究[J].电力与能源,2016,37(3):322-324.
[8]沈娟.包头至呼市东500k V输变电工程环境影响评价研究[D].北京:2011.24-31.
[9]袁运祥,袁运鸿.三峡工程对环境与生态影响的综合评价方法[J].深圳大学学报(理工版),1994,11(3):74-84.
[10]王荣军,谢余初,张影,潘峰,王颖,巩杰.基于PSR模型的旱区城市湿地生态安全评估[J].生态科学,2015,34(3):133-138.
[11]赵焕新.基于层次分析法的矿区各矿复垦优先度评价[J].能源环境保护,2016,30(1):57-60.