邻避冲突及其治理之道:以宁波PX事件为例
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摘要
随着全球化、市场化和城市化进程的持续加快,现代工业社会发展已迈入崭新的阶段;科技进步日新月异,在造福人类社会的同时也孕育着不可控的风险与危机。在世界各地,因为环境问题而引发的邻避冲突现象日益增多并呈现出常态化之趋向。以宁波PX事件作为个案,剖析邻避冲突的社会背景、具体成因及其可能导致的现实危害,厘清地方政府在邻避冲突治理过程中存在的种种缺陷,继而从预防和化解邻避冲突的视角提出促进邻避冲突治理的制度构建。
As globalization,marketization and urbanization are progressing rapidly,modern industrial society has stepped into a fresh development phase. With its achievement,science and technology is bringing humans more wellbeing and plenty of uncontrolled risks and crises as well. More and more Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts caused by the environmental hazards around the world tend to occur much more commonly. The thesis chooses the Ningbo PX affair as the case to trace the social background,concrete reasons and probable harms of Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts,and then based on the results we could analyze the exiting defects of local government in the process of handling Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts so that we could put forward some useful solutions to Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts with the view of their precaution and resolution.
As globalization,marketization and urbanization are progressing rapidly,modern industrial society has stepped into a fresh development phase. With its achievement,science and technology is bringing humans more wellbeing and plenty of uncontrolled risks and crises as well. More and more Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts caused by the environmental hazards around the world tend to occur much more commonly. The thesis chooses the Ningbo PX affair as the case to trace the social background,concrete reasons and probable harms of Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts,and then based on the results we could analyze the exiting defects of local government in the process of handling Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts so that we could put forward some useful solutions to Not-In-My-Backyard conflicts with the view of their precaution and resolution.
引文
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[2]何艳玲.中国式”邻避冲突:基于事件的分析[J].开放时代,2009(12):102—114.
[3]董鸿幼.邻避冲突理论及其对邻避型群体性事件治理的启示[J].上海行政学院学报,2013(2):21—30.
[4]王奎民,钟杨.“中国式”邻避运动核心议题探析[J].上海交通大学学报,2014(1):23—33.
[5]侯光辉,王元地.“邻避风险链”:邻避危机演化的一个风险解释框架[J].公共行政评论,2015(1):4—28.
[6]傅光云. PX项目到底还要不要[EB/OL].(2012-10-30).http://paper. people. com. cn/gjjrb/html/2012-10/30/content_1132799. htm? div=-1.
[7]丁爱侠:自媒体社会突发事件中微博舆情研究——基于对镇海PX项目事件的舆情调查[J].浙江万里学院学报,2014(4):1—4.
[8] BRIAN W. Misunderstanding:Social identities and public uptake of science[J]. Public Understanding of Science,1992(1):281—304.
[9]陈宝胜.邻比冲突治理若干基本问题:多维视阈的解读[J].学海,2015(2):169—177.
[10]钟伟军.公共舆论危机中的地方政府微博回应与网络沟通——基于深圳“5·26飙车事件”的个案分析[J].公共管理学报,2013(1):31—42.
[11]王奎明,于文广,谭新雨.“中国式”邻避运动影响因素探析[J].江淮论坛,2013(5):35—43.
[12] PAUL S. Percetion of risk science[J]. Science,1987(236):280—285.
[13]崔晶.从“后院”抗争到公众参与——对城市化进程中邻避抗争研究的反思[J].武汉大学学报,2015(5):28—35.
[14]郭竹馨.邻避冲突化解中的政治吸纳与制度嵌入[J].福建行政学院学报,2014(5):34—39.
[15]赵鼎新.西方社会运动与革命发展理论之述评[J].社会学研究,2005(1):168—209.
[16]娄胜华,蒋姗姗.“邻避运动”在澳门的兴起及其治理——以美沙酮服务站选址争议为个案[J].中国行政管理,2012(4):114—118.
[17] National Research Council. Improving risk communication[M].Washington DC:National Academy Press,1989:16.
[18]马奔.邻避设施选址规划中的协商式治理与决策[J].南京社会科学,2015(12):55—61.
[19]赵小燕.邻避冲突参与动机及其治理:基于三种人性假设的视角[J].武汉大学学报,2014(2):36—41.
[20] GREGORY R,KUNREUTHER H,EASTERLING D,et al. Incentives policies to site hazardous waste facilities[J]. Risk Analysis,1991,11(4):667—675.
[21] INHABER H. Of LULUs,LIMBYs,and LIMTOOs[J]. The Public Interest,1992,52(107):52—64.
[22]魏娜,韩芳.邻避冲突中的新公民参与:基于框架建构的过程[J].浙江大学学报,2015(7):1—17.