双流线型单叶片绕流流场的数值模拟
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摘要
提出了一种新型水动能利用的垂直轴水轮机,选用半椭圆+圆弧流线型和Clark Y翼型作为叶片的基本结构,构建了一种可在水电站出水口利用水动能的双流线型自动开合式水轮机,分析了不同湍流模型下水轮机单叶片的绕流流场形态,探究了单叶片水轮机的运行状况。结果表明,标准k-ε模型更适用于双流线型叶片的模拟。除此之外,单叶片在0°～90°及270°～360°均为负转距,无法使水轮机正常运转,应采用多组叶片的结构来消除负转距的影响,以提高水轮机效率。
A new type of vertical-axis turbine utilizing hydrodynamic energy was presented.Using semi-ellipse with arc streamline and Clark Y airfoil as the basic structures of blade,a kind of double streamline automatic opening and closing type turbine which utilizing hydrodynamic energy at the outlet of hydropower station is constructed.The winding flow field morphology of single blades turbine under different turbulence models was analyzed and the operation status of the single blade turbine was discussed.The results show that the standard k-ε model is more suitable for the simulation of double streamlined blades.In addition,the single blade has negative pitch between 0°-90°and 270°-360°,which cannot make the turbine run normally.The structure of multiple groups of blades should be adopted to eliminate the influence of negative pitch and improve the efficiency of the turbine.
A new type of vertical-axis turbine utilizing hydrodynamic energy was presented.Using semi-ellipse with arc streamline and Clark Y airfoil as the basic structures of blade,a kind of double streamline automatic opening and closing type turbine which utilizing hydrodynamic energy at the outlet of hydropower station is constructed.The winding flow field morphology of single blades turbine under different turbulence models was analyzed and the operation status of the single blade turbine was discussed.The results show that the standard k-ε model is more suitable for the simulation of double streamlined blades.In addition,the single blade has negative pitch between 0°-90°and 270°-360°,which cannot make the turbine run normally.The structure of multiple groups of blades should be adopted to eliminate the influence of negative pitch and improve the efficiency of the turbine.
引文
[1]2015世界水电大会专家观点集萃[J].中国水利,2015(10):4-5.Expert view collection of the 2015 World Hydropower Conference[J].Water Conservancy in China,2015(10):4-5.(in Chinese)
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[11]SUFFER K H,QUADIR G A.Numerical investigation of the aerodynamics of three blades vertical axis wind turbine having movable vanes[J].Australian Journal of Basic&Applied Sciences,2014,31(1):92-98.
[12]KADHIM H S,QUADIR G A.Numerical simulation for the aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbine with two different rotors having movable vanes[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2015,786:205-209.
[13]DERAKHSHAN S,ASHOORI M.Experimental and numerical study of a vertical axis tidal turbine performance[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,137:59-67.
[14]何中伟,郑源.新型H型叶片潮流能水轮机不同翼型水动力性能分析[J].水利水电技术,2016,47(10):45-49.HE Zhongwei,ZHEN Yuan.Hydrodynamic performance analysis of different airfoils of a new type H-blade tidal current energy turbine[J].Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology,2016,47(10):45-49.(in Chinese)
[15]ZIMMERMAN C H.Characteristics of Clark Y airfoils of small aspect ratios[J].Technical Report Archive&Image Library,1933,125:68-75.
[16]杜月中,闵健.流线型回转体外形设计综述与线型拟合[J].声学技术,2004,23(2):93-97.DU Yuezhong,MIN Jian.Summary of streamlined rotary body shape design and linear fitting[J].Acoustic technology,2004,23(2):93-97.(in Chinese)
[17]肖华攀,方子帆.水下流线型体的结构阻力特性及其应用研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(6):92-96.XIAO Huapan,FANG Zifan.Study on structural resistance characteristics and application of underwater streamlined body[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2013,35(6):92-96.(in Chinese)
[18]陈善群,王泽.方柱绕流湍流数值模拟方法的对比分析[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(5):18-21.CHEN Shanqun,WANG Ze.Comparative analysis of numerical simulation methods for turbulent flow around square cylinders[J].Journal of China Three Gorges U-niversity(Natural Sciences),2008,30(5):18-21.(in Chinese)
[2]DERAKHSHAH S,ASHOORI M,SALEMI A.Experimental and numerical study of a vertical axis tidal turbine performance[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,137:59-67.
[3]BRYDEN I G,COUCH S J.ME1-marine energy extraction:tidal resource analysis.Renew[J].Energy,2006,31(2):133-139.
[4]TAKAMATSU Y.Experimental studies on a preferable blade profile of Darrieus type cross-flow water turbine[J].JSME International Journal,1991,34:149-156.
[5]TAKENOUCHI K,FURUKAWA A.Self-starting characteristics of ducted Darrieus turbine for extra-low head power[C]∥Proceedings of EXPO World Conference on Wind Energy,Renewable Energy,Fuel Cell(WCWRF2005).Hamamatsu,Japan:IEEE,2005,1-4
[6]DAI Y M,GARDINER N,LAM W H.CFD modelling strategy of a straight-bladed vertical axis marine current turbine[C]∥The 20th International Offshore(Ocean)and Polar Engineering Conference&Exhibition(ISOPE2010).Beijing,China:[s.n.],2010,1:767e73.
[7]AKWA J V,VIELMO H A.A review on the performance of Savonius wind turbines[J].Renewable&Sustainable Energy Reviews,2012,16(5):3054-3064.
[8]YAAKOB O B,TAWI K B,SUNANTO D T S.Computer simulation studies on the effect of overlap ratio for Savonius type vertical axis marine current turbine[J].International Journal of Engineering,Transactions A:Basics,2010,23(1):79-88.
[9]KYOZUKA Y,AKIRA H,DUAN D,et al.An experimental study on the Darrieus-Savonius turbine for the tidal current power generation[J].Journal of Fluid Science and Technology,2008,3(3):439-449.
[10]SUFFER K H,QUADIR G A,ISMAIL K A,et al.CFD analysis of three and four blades movable vanes type vertical axis wind turbine having movable vanes[J].International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy,2016,5(4):doi:10.12720/sgce.5.4.259-263.
[11]SUFFER K H,QUADIR G A.Numerical investigation of the aerodynamics of three blades vertical axis wind turbine having movable vanes[J].Australian Journal of Basic&Applied Sciences,2014,31(1):92-98.
[12]KADHIM H S,QUADIR G A.Numerical simulation for the aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbine with two different rotors having movable vanes[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2015,786:205-209.
[13]DERAKHSHAN S,ASHOORI M.Experimental and numerical study of a vertical axis tidal turbine performance[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,137:59-67.
[14]何中伟,郑源.新型H型叶片潮流能水轮机不同翼型水动力性能分析[J].水利水电技术,2016,47(10):45-49.HE Zhongwei,ZHEN Yuan.Hydrodynamic performance analysis of different airfoils of a new type H-blade tidal current energy turbine[J].Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology,2016,47(10):45-49.(in Chinese)
[15]ZIMMERMAN C H.Characteristics of Clark Y airfoils of small aspect ratios[J].Technical Report Archive&Image Library,1933,125:68-75.
[16]杜月中,闵健.流线型回转体外形设计综述与线型拟合[J].声学技术,2004,23(2):93-97.DU Yuezhong,MIN Jian.Summary of streamlined rotary body shape design and linear fitting[J].Acoustic technology,2004,23(2):93-97.(in Chinese)
[17]肖华攀,方子帆.水下流线型体的结构阻力特性及其应用研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2013,35(6):92-96.XIAO Huapan,FANG Zifan.Study on structural resistance characteristics and application of underwater streamlined body[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2013,35(6):92-96.(in Chinese)
[18]陈善群,王泽.方柱绕流湍流数值模拟方法的对比分析[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(5):18-21.CHEN Shanqun,WANG Ze.Comparative analysis of numerical simulation methods for turbulent flow around square cylinders[J].Journal of China Three Gorges U-niversity(Natural Sciences),2008,30(5):18-21.(in Chinese)