新疆典型地区大气降尘磁学特征及其环境意义
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摘要
应用环境磁学方法对北疆昌吉地区和南疆阿克苏地区大气降尘的磁学特征进行对比研究。结果表明:2012年春夏季昌吉地区大气降尘样品磁性矿物以磁铁矿和磁赤铁矿为主,阿克苏地区样品除受到磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿主要控制外,还含有更多赤铁矿等高矫顽力磁性矿物。两地降尘样品都以假单畴颗粒PSD和多畴颗粒MD为主。昌吉地区大气降尘样品的磁性矿物含量明显高于阿克苏地区。阿克苏地区大气降尘样品以天然降尘为主,强磁性矿物含量较低;昌吉地区降尘样品人为源输入强度高,磁学信号强。大气降尘的磁学特征包含大量环境信息,可以作为粉尘环境监测的重要手段。严格控制工业污染物排放,合理规划工业布局,依旧是治理城市大气污染的重要措施。
The magnetic characteristics of the dustfall samples from Changji and Aksu in Xinjiang were analyzed by environment magnetism method.The results indicate that the main magnetic grain sizes in dustfall samples are multidomain(MD)and pseudo-single domain(PSD)from March to August of 2012,while dustfall samples of Aksu contain more hematite.The content of magnetic mineral in dustfall samples from Changji is much higher than that of Aksu.Samples of Changji are dominated by anthropogenically derived particulate matter with strong magnetic signals,but natural dustfall with low magnetic mineral content is the main component of samples in Aksu.The magnetic characteristics of dustfall samples contain a large amount of environmental information and environmental magnetism is an effective measurement in monitoring dust pollution.Controlling urban air pollution must control the industrial pollutions and plan the industral layout reasonable.
The magnetic characteristics of the dustfall samples from Changji and Aksu in Xinjiang were analyzed by environment magnetism method.The results indicate that the main magnetic grain sizes in dustfall samples are multidomain(MD)and pseudo-single domain(PSD)from March to August of 2012,while dustfall samples of Aksu contain more hematite.The content of magnetic mineral in dustfall samples from Changji is much higher than that of Aksu.Samples of Changji are dominated by anthropogenically derived particulate matter with strong magnetic signals,but natural dustfall with low magnetic mineral content is the main component of samples in Aksu.The magnetic characteristics of dustfall samples contain a large amount of environmental information and environmental magnetism is an effective measurement in monitoring dust pollution.Controlling urban air pollution must control the industrial pollutions and plan the industral layout reasonable.
引文
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[2]秦霏,刘迎新,鲁安怀,等.北京市中关村地区大气降尘的来源与垂直分布特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2007,26(6):591-596.
[3]刘炎坤,汪青,刘敏,等.上海市大气沉降物中多环芳烃赋存特征及其来源[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2605-2614.
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[5]熊秋林,赵文吉,郭逍宇,等.北京城区冬季降尘微量元素分布特征及来源分析[J].环境科学,2015,36(8):2735-2742.
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[17]王博,许淑婧,夏敦胜,等.塔里木盆地现代天然降尘磁性特征时空对比研究[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):840-849.
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[26]Dearing J A,Bird P M,Dann R J L,et al.Secondary ferromagnetic minerals in Welsh soils:a comparison of mineral magnetic detection methods and implications for mineral formation[J].Geophysical Journal International,1997,130(3):727-736.
[27]王博,夏敦胜,余晔,等.典型沙漠绿洲城市表土磁性特征及环境指示意义[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(3):891-905.
[28]杨丽萍,陈发虎.兰州市大气降尘污染物来源研究[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(4):499-502.
[29]Oldfield F.Toward the discrimination of fine-grained ferrimagnets by magnetic measurements in lake and near-shore marine sediments[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1994,99(B5):1093-1108.
[30]田世丽,夏敦胜,余晔,等.西北地区河谷城市大气降尘环境磁学特征及其环境意义[J].环境科学,2011,32(9):2761-2768.
[31]http://tianqi.2345.com/
[32]张俊辉,张健,王晓静,等.西安市大气降尘的磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(3):699-706.
[33]徐茜,赵景波.新疆沙尘暴活动与气候条件的关系[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(12):116-120.
[34]梁凯丽,聂燕,夏敦胜,等.乌鲁木齐大气降尘磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(5):1369-1375.
[35]王江,洪雯,吴新萍,等.乌鲁木齐霾天气PM10单颗粒物理化学特征[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(6):1652-1658.
[36]梁云,刘新春,何清,等.新疆春夏季大气降尘分析[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(5):992-994.
[2]秦霏,刘迎新,鲁安怀,等.北京市中关村地区大气降尘的来源与垂直分布特征[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2007,26(6):591-596.
[3]刘炎坤,汪青,刘敏,等.上海市大气沉降物中多环芳烃赋存特征及其来源[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2605-2614.
[4]刘飞,褚慧敏,郑祥民.上海市公园绿地树叶对大气重金属污染的磁学响应[J].环境科学,2015,36(12):4374-4381.
[5]熊秋林,赵文吉,郭逍宇,等.北京城区冬季降尘微量元素分布特征及来源分析[J].环境科学,2015,36(8):2735-2742.
[6]韩力慧,庄国顺,程水源,等.北京地面扬尘的理化特性及其对大气颗粒物污染的影响[J].环境科学,2009,30(1):1-8.
[7]Thompson R,Oldfield F.Environmental Magnetism[M].London,UK:Allen Unwin,1986:1-127.
[8]陈圆圆,孙小静,王军,等.上海市宝山区大气降尘污染时空变化特征[J].环境化学,2009,28(6):859-863.
[9]夏敦胜,杨丽萍,马剑英,等.中国北方城市大气降尘磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2007(8):1073-1080.
[10]李鹏,强小科,唐艳荣,等.西安市街道灰尘磁化率特征及其污染指示意义[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(3):309-314.
[11]夏敦胜,王冠,马剑英,等.兰州市大气降尘环境磁学特征研究[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(5):859-865.
[12]Xia D S,Yang L P,Ma J Y,et al.Magnetic characteristics of urban dustfall in Lanzhou,China,and its environmental implications[J].Atmospheric Environment,2008,42(9):2198-2207.
[13]王丽,夏敦胜,余晔,等.北疆地区城市大气降尘磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(3):699-705.
[14]许淑婧,夏敦胜,春喜,等.呼和浩特市大气降尘磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(4):1004-1011.
[15]乔庆庆,张春霞,李静,等.北京市朝阳区大气降尘磁学特征及对空气污染物浓度的指示[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(1):151-162.
[16]钱广强,董治宝.大气降尘收集方法及相关问题研究[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(6):770-782.
[17]王博,许淑婧,夏敦胜,等.塔里木盆地现代天然降尘磁性特征时空对比研究[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):840-849.
[18]聂燕,王新,王博,等.西北典型工矿型城市街道尘埃重金属污染的环境磁学响应[J].环境科学,2015,36(9):3438-3446.
[19]李春亮,刘义辉.甘肃省白银市区土壤环境质量评价[J].物探与化探,2012,36(6):1014-1019.
[20]夏敦胜,马剑英,王冠,等.环境磁学及其在西北干旱区环境研究中的问题[J].地学前缘,2006,13(3):168-179.
[21]Peters C,Dekkers M J.Selected room temperature magnetic parameters as a function of mineralogy,concentration and grain size[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2003,28(16/17/18/19):659-667.
[22]Peters C,Thompson R.Magnetic identification of selected natural iron oxides and sulphides[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1998,183(3):365-374.
[23]刘建宝,陈发虎,陈建徽,等.山西宁武公海湖泊岩芯的环境磁学特征及中世纪暖期湿润气候探讨[J].科学通报,2011,56(31):2580-2590.
[24]王冠,夏敦胜,刘秀铭,等.兰州市城市街道尘埃磁学特征时空变化规律[J].科学通报,2008,53(4):446-455.
[25]Maher B A.Magnetic properties of some synthetic sub-micron magnetites[J].Geophysical Journal,1998,94(1):83-96.
[26]Dearing J A,Bird P M,Dann R J L,et al.Secondary ferromagnetic minerals in Welsh soils:a comparison of mineral magnetic detection methods and implications for mineral formation[J].Geophysical Journal International,1997,130(3):727-736.
[27]王博,夏敦胜,余晔,等.典型沙漠绿洲城市表土磁性特征及环境指示意义[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(3):891-905.
[28]杨丽萍,陈发虎.兰州市大气降尘污染物来源研究[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(4):499-502.
[29]Oldfield F.Toward the discrimination of fine-grained ferrimagnets by magnetic measurements in lake and near-shore marine sediments[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1994,99(B5):1093-1108.
[30]田世丽,夏敦胜,余晔,等.西北地区河谷城市大气降尘环境磁学特征及其环境意义[J].环境科学,2011,32(9):2761-2768.
[31]http://tianqi.2345.com/
[32]张俊辉,张健,王晓静,等.西安市大气降尘的磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(3):699-706.
[33]徐茜,赵景波.新疆沙尘暴活动与气候条件的关系[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(12):116-120.
[34]梁凯丽,聂燕,夏敦胜,等.乌鲁木齐大气降尘磁学特征及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2014,34(5):1369-1375.
[35]王江,洪雯,吴新萍,等.乌鲁木齐霾天气PM10单颗粒物理化学特征[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(6):1652-1658.
[36]梁云,刘新春,何清,等.新疆春夏季大气降尘分析[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(5):992-994.