无纺布果袋对‘沾冬2号’冬枣和普通冬枣果实品质及矿质营养吸收的影响
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摘要
以‘沾冬2号’冬枣和普通冬枣套袋果实为试材,以不套袋果实为对照,研究了无纺布果袋对冬枣果实品质及矿质营养吸收的影响。结果表明:无纺布果袋改善了‘沾冬2号’和普通冬枣果实的亮度L和饱和度C(P<0.05),亮度L分别比对照提高了7.91%和16.69%;同时降低了病果率和锈果率;无纺布果袋对果实的硬度、维生素C、可溶性糖及可滴定酸含量影响差异不显著,对果皮和果肉矿质含量检测结果表明,无纺布果袋降低了‘沾冬2号’果皮中的铁(Fe)含量,比对照降低了54.93%,但对钙(Ca)、锌(Zn)、镁(Mg)的吸收没有影响;同时也降低了普通冬枣果皮和果肉中的Fe含量,分别降低了60.62%和41.22%。表明无纺布果袋可改善冬枣的外观品质,但不降低内在品质,提高了冬枣的商品价值,值得在生产上推广,但应注意给套袋后的果实补Fe。
‘Zhandong No.2'winter jujube and normal winter jujube were used to study the effects of polypropylene(PP)bag on winter jujube fruits qualities and mineral nutrient absorption,with the non-bagged fruits as control.The results showed that PP bag improved the brightness and saturation of‘Zhandong No.2'winter jujube and normal winter jujube significantly(P<0.05),while brightness increased by about 7.91% and 16.69%,respectively.Also the fruits disease ratio and rust ratio decreased.PP bagging did not affect fruit hardness,vitamin C content,soluble solids content and titratable acidity content,ANOVA results showed there was no significant difference between bagged fruits and nonbagged fruits.The mineral nutrient content of fruit peel and fruit flesh were tested respectively.The results showed that PP fruit bag reduced the fruit peel iron content of‘Zhandong No.2',by about 54.93%.But there was no effect on fruit peel calcium,zinc and magnesium absorption.PP bag decreased the fruit peel and flesh iron content of normal winter jujube,by about 60.62%and 41.22%respectively.Totally,PP bag could improve winter jujube fruit appearance quality,but did not reduce inner fruit quality,and also increased commodity value.It was worthy of popularization in the production,but must pay attention to supplement iron.
‘Zhandong No.2'winter jujube and normal winter jujube were used to study the effects of polypropylene(PP)bag on winter jujube fruits qualities and mineral nutrient absorption,with the non-bagged fruits as control.The results showed that PP bag improved the brightness and saturation of‘Zhandong No.2'winter jujube and normal winter jujube significantly(P<0.05),while brightness increased by about 7.91% and 16.69%,respectively.Also the fruits disease ratio and rust ratio decreased.PP bagging did not affect fruit hardness,vitamin C content,soluble solids content and titratable acidity content,ANOVA results showed there was no significant difference between bagged fruits and nonbagged fruits.The mineral nutrient content of fruit peel and fruit flesh were tested respectively.The results showed that PP fruit bag reduced the fruit peel iron content of‘Zhandong No.2',by about 54.93%.But there was no effect on fruit peel calcium,zinc and magnesium absorption.PP bag decreased the fruit peel and flesh iron content of normal winter jujube,by about 60.62%and 41.22%respectively.Totally,PP bag could improve winter jujube fruit appearance quality,but did not reduce inner fruit quality,and also increased commodity value.It was worthy of popularization in the production,but must pay attention to supplement iron.
引文
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[18]李方杰,王磊,刘成连,等.套袋对苹果果实钙素吸收与分布的影响[J].果树学报,2007,24(4):517-520.
[19]原永兵,刘成连,滕玉柱.果袋专用无纺布的生产工艺配方:中国,CN101967752A[P].2011-02-09[2016-03-03].
[20]原永兵,滕玉柱.PP无纺布果袋在果树优质安全生产中的应用[J].中国果业信息,2013(6):32-34.
[21]杨绍兰,王玫,张晓菲,等.套袋对‘茌梨’果实蔗糖代谢及相关酶基因表达的影响[J].园艺学报,2013,40(10):1887-1896.
[22]原永兵,李庆军,刘成连.一种冬枣田间管理新方法:中国,CN104956975A[P].2015-10-07[2016-03-03].
[23]郭庆宏,李云,李良民.沾冬二号套无纺布袋技术[J].果农之友,2015(5):23.
[24]李伟.套袋冬枣论个卖[J].农民文摘,2013(12):30.
[25]马庆华,王贵禧,梁丽松.质构仪穿刺试验检测冬枣质地品质方法的建立[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(6):1210-1217.
[26]Mc GUIRE R G.Reporting of objective color measurements[J].HortScience,1992,27(12):1254-1255.
[27]李军.钼蓝比色法测定还原型维生素C[J].食品科学,2000,21(8):42-45.
[28]张秀芝,郭江云,王永章,等.不同砧木对富士苹果矿质元素含量和品质指标的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):414-420.
[29]张振铭,张绍铃,乔勇进,等.不同果袋对砀山酥梨果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2006,23(4):510-514.
[30]东忠方,王永章,王磊,等.不同套袋处理对‘红富士’苹果果实钙素吸收的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(4):835-840.
[31]曹一博,孙帆,刘亚静,等.枣果实组织结构及果皮中矿质元素含量对裂果的影响[J].果树学报,2013(4):621-626,725.
[2]辛艳伟,集贤,刘和.裂果性不同的枣品种果皮及果肉发育特点观察研究[J].中国农学通报,2006,22(11):253-257.
[3]刘孟军,王玖瑞,刘平,等.中国枣生产与科研成就及前沿进展[J].园艺学报,2015,42(9):1683-1698.
[4]刘孟军.中国枣种质资源[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2009:56-57.
[5]李业民,郭庆宏,李云.枣极晚熟新品种沾冬2号的选育[J].中国果树,2012(3):12.
[6]张绍铃,张振铭,乔勇进,等.不同时期套袋对幸水梨果实品质、石细胞发育及其相关酶活性变化的影响[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(7):1369-1377.
[7]徐红霞,陈俊伟,张豫超,等.‘白玉’枇杷果实套袋对品质及抗氧化能力的影响[J].园艺学报,2008,35(8):1193-1198.
[8]张斌斌,马瑞娟,蔡志翔,等.采前套袋微环境变化对桃果实品质的影响[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(2):233-240.
[9]宋松.无纺布果袋调控水蜜桃果实色泽发育的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.
[10]王少敏,赵红军,王忠友,等.三种类型纸袋对短枝红富士苹果果实品质的影响[J].落叶果树,1997(S1):18-19.
[11]滕玉柱,樊连梅,沈俊岭,等.无纺布果袋(PP果袋)对红地球和玫瑰香葡萄果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2011,28(5):787-791.
[12]关军锋,及华,冯云霄,等.套袋对梨果实Ca、Mg、K营养的影响[J].科技导报,2009,27(10):52-55.
[13]李明媛,关军锋,杜国强,等.套袋对‘红富士’苹果品质和Ca、Mg、K营养的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(12):350-355.
[14]董铁,孙文泰,刘兴禄,等.不同摘袋时期对“红富士”苹果果实品质的影响[J].北方园艺,2013(7):16-19.
[15]李永梅,王晓婷,王永章,等.套袋对‘黄金梨’果实糖代谢及相关酶活性的影响[J].北方园艺,2007(7):43-46.
[16]王迎涛,李晓,李勇,等.果实套袋对黄冠梨花斑病的发生及果皮钙形态变化的影响[J].园艺学报,2011,38(8):1507-1514.
[17]赵同生,于丽辰,焦蕊,等.钙素营养与套袋苹果苦痘病的关系[J].果树学报,2007,24(5):649-652.
[18]李方杰,王磊,刘成连,等.套袋对苹果果实钙素吸收与分布的影响[J].果树学报,2007,24(4):517-520.
[19]原永兵,刘成连,滕玉柱.果袋专用无纺布的生产工艺配方:中国,CN101967752A[P].2011-02-09[2016-03-03].
[20]原永兵,滕玉柱.PP无纺布果袋在果树优质安全生产中的应用[J].中国果业信息,2013(6):32-34.
[21]杨绍兰,王玫,张晓菲,等.套袋对‘茌梨’果实蔗糖代谢及相关酶基因表达的影响[J].园艺学报,2013,40(10):1887-1896.
[22]原永兵,李庆军,刘成连.一种冬枣田间管理新方法:中国,CN104956975A[P].2015-10-07[2016-03-03].
[23]郭庆宏,李云,李良民.沾冬二号套无纺布袋技术[J].果农之友,2015(5):23.
[24]李伟.套袋冬枣论个卖[J].农民文摘,2013(12):30.
[25]马庆华,王贵禧,梁丽松.质构仪穿刺试验检测冬枣质地品质方法的建立[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(6):1210-1217.
[26]Mc GUIRE R G.Reporting of objective color measurements[J].HortScience,1992,27(12):1254-1255.
[27]李军.钼蓝比色法测定还原型维生素C[J].食品科学,2000,21(8):42-45.
[28]张秀芝,郭江云,王永章,等.不同砧木对富士苹果矿质元素含量和品质指标的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):414-420.
[29]张振铭,张绍铃,乔勇进,等.不同果袋对砀山酥梨果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2006,23(4):510-514.
[30]东忠方,王永章,王磊,等.不同套袋处理对‘红富士’苹果果实钙素吸收的影响[J].园艺学报,2007,34(4):835-840.
[31]曹一博,孙帆,刘亚静,等.枣果实组织结构及果皮中矿质元素含量对裂果的影响[J].果树学报,2013(4):621-626,725.