淮北矿区土壤重金属空间分布与环境评价
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摘要
以淮北矿区为研究区域,采集了311个土壤样品,测定了Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,As的含量,研究重金属的空间分布特征,同时对土壤重金属进行环境评价.结果表明,研究区土壤中6种重金属存在一定程度富集,其中Zn元素富集程度最高.Cu,Zn和Pb元素的富集是由煤炭开采、化肥使用和交通运输等人为因素引起的,Cr和Ni元素受自然因素和人为活动共同影响,As的空间分布主要与成土母质等自然因素有关.环境评价结果显示,淮北矿区土壤重金属整体处于未污染或轻度污染状态,生态风险轻微,环境质量良好.
To investigate the spatial distribution of heavy metals and environmentally evaluate heavy metals in soil,311 soil samples were taken from the Huaibei mining area,and the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,and As in these samples were measured.Results show that the six heavy metals are enriched to a certain extent in soil,with Zn being the most enriched metal element.Enrichment of Cu,Zn,and Pb is the result of human activities such as coal mining,use of chemical fertilizers,and transportation.A joint effect of natural and human activities enriched Cr and Ni.Natural factors,such as the soil parent material,play a role in the spatial distribution of As.Environment evaluation results show that the Huaibei mining area is in general slightly polluted or not polluted by heavy metals and faces only minor environmental risk.
To investigate the spatial distribution of heavy metals and environmentally evaluate heavy metals in soil,311 soil samples were taken from the Huaibei mining area,and the content of Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,and As in these samples were measured.Results show that the six heavy metals are enriched to a certain extent in soil,with Zn being the most enriched metal element.Enrichment of Cu,Zn,and Pb is the result of human activities such as coal mining,use of chemical fertilizers,and transportation.A joint effect of natural and human activities enriched Cr and Ni.Natural factors,such as the soil parent material,play a role in the spatial distribution of As.Environment evaluation results show that the Huaibei mining area is in general slightly polluted or not polluted by heavy metals and faces only minor environmental risk.
引文
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[19]熊霜,桂和荣,彭位华.矿区土壤-玉米重金属富集及健康风险[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(8):80-86.XIAOShuang, GUIHegui, PENGWeihua.Accumulation and health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil-maize system from coal mining area[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(8):80-86.
[20]尚文勤.淮北采煤沉陷区土壤重金属分布赋存及微生物生态特征研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2017.
[21]熊霜.临涣矿区土壤重金属元素含量和迁移特征研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2017.
[22]黄大伟,桂和荣.宿南矿区土壤重金属含量特征及其来源解析[J].地球与环境,2017,45(5):546-554.HUANG Dawei,GUI Herong.Sources Analysis and content characteristics of soil heavy metal in Sunan Mining Area,China[J].Earth and Environment,2017,45(5):546-554.
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[24]刘巍,杨建军,汪君,等.准东煤田露天矿区土壤重金属污染现状评价及来源分析[J].环境科学,2016,37(5):1938-1945.LIU Wei, YANG Jianjun, WANG Jun, et al.Contamination assessment and sources analysis of soil heavy metals in opencast mine of East Junggar Basin in Xinjiang[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(5):1938-1945.
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[29]FACCHINELLI A, SACCHI E, MALLEN L.Multivariate statistical and GIS-based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils[J].Environmental Pollution,2001,114(3):313-324.
[30]王锐,于宗灵,关旸.土壤镍污染植物修复的研究概况[J].环境科学与管理,2013,38(8):111-114.WANG Rui,YU Zongling,GUAN Yang.Overview on phytoremediation of nickel contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science and Management,2013,38(8):111-114.
[31]康彧.煤矿区中砷的环境生物地球化学研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2014.