新型城市低温地热冷热电联产系统热力性能分析
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摘要
为节约及合理利用能源,提高城市能量总能系统利用率,基于有机朗肯循环(ORC)和冷热电联产(CCHP),提出了一种新型的城市低温地热冷热电联产系统(以下简称ORC-CCHP系统)。根据热力学第一、第二定律,建立了热力学模型,编写计算机程序进行了系统的热力性能分析。结果表明:采用R245fa、LiBr溶液作为ORCCCHP系统循环工质时,选择窄点温差较小蒸发器可获得更高火用效率;增加太阳能集/蓄热系统,提高热流参数,减小换热温差,可进一步提升系统热力学性能;系统分别采用5种不同有机工质时,R236fa使系统的热力性能达到最佳,并在蒸发压力为0. 62 MPa、窄点温差为0 K时,ORC-CCHP系统获得最大净输出功为1 948 kW,系统火用效率为19. 28%,系统火用效率最高值为85. 78%。
In order to save and rationally use energy and improve the utilization rate of urban energy,a new type of urban low-temperature geothermal CCHP system is proposed based on organic Rankine cycle( ORC) and combined cooling heating and power( CCHP)( hereinafter referred to as ORC-CCHP system). According to the first and second laws of thermodynamics,a thermodynamic model was established and a computer program was developed to analyze the thermodynamic performance of the system. The results show that when R245fa and Li Br solutions are used as the circulating working fluid of ORC-CCHP system,the evaporator with smaller pinch point temperature difference can be selected to obtain higher efficiency. Increasing solar energy collection/regenerative system,improving heat flow parameters,and reducing heat transfer temperature difference can further significantly improve the system thermodynamic performance. When the system uses five different organic working fluids,the R236fa has the best thermodynamic performance of the system,and when the evaporation pressure is 0. 62 MPa and pinch point temperature difference is 0 K,the ORC-CCHP system has the maximum net output power of 1 948 kW and the system thermal efficiency of 19. 28%,with the maximum system exergy efficiency of 85. 78%.
In order to save and rationally use energy and improve the utilization rate of urban energy,a new type of urban low-temperature geothermal CCHP system is proposed based on organic Rankine cycle( ORC) and combined cooling heating and power( CCHP)( hereinafter referred to as ORC-CCHP system). According to the first and second laws of thermodynamics,a thermodynamic model was established and a computer program was developed to analyze the thermodynamic performance of the system. The results show that when R245fa and Li Br solutions are used as the circulating working fluid of ORC-CCHP system,the evaporator with smaller pinch point temperature difference can be selected to obtain higher efficiency. Increasing solar energy collection/regenerative system,improving heat flow parameters,and reducing heat transfer temperature difference can further significantly improve the system thermodynamic performance. When the system uses five different organic working fluids,the R236fa has the best thermodynamic performance of the system,and when the evaporation pressure is 0. 62 MPa and pinch point temperature difference is 0 K,the ORC-CCHP system has the maximum net output power of 1 948 kW and the system thermal efficiency of 19. 28%,with the maximum system exergy efficiency of 85. 78%.
引文
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[15]王辉涛,王华.低温太阳能热力发电有机朗肯循环工质的选择[J].动力工程,2009,29(3):287-291.WANG Hui-tao,WANG Hua.Selection of working fluids for lowtemperature solar thermal power generation organic rankine cycles[J]Journal of Power Engineering,2009,29(3):287-291.
[16]赵春华,郑思宇,汪成康,等.基于有机朗肯循环的低温太阳能发电系统工质的选择[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(3):89-92.ZHAO Chun-hua,ZHENG Si-yu,WANG Cheng-kang,et al.Working fluid selection of low-temperature solar power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences Edition),2017,39(3):89-92.
[2]杨干,翟晓强,郑春元,等.国内冷热电联供系统现状和发展趋势[J]化工学报,2015,66(S2):1-8.YANG Gan,ZHAI Xiao-qiang,ZHENG Chun-yuan,et al.Current situation and development tendency of CCHP systems in China[J].CIESC Journal,2015,66(S2):1-8.
[3]陈强,韩巍,刘润泽,等.小型燃气轮机CCHP系统变工况性能入口加热调控研究[J].燃气轮机技术,2018,31(2):29-36.CHEN Qiang,HAN Wei,LIU Run-ze,et al.Effect of the inlet air heating on part load performance of a Combined Cooling,Heating and Power(CCHP)system driven by the small scale gas turbine[J].Gas Turbine Technology,2018,31(2):29-36.
[4]郭栋,隋军,金红光.基于太阳能甲醇分解的冷热电联产系统[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(10):1621-1624.GUO Dong,SUI Jun,JIN Hong-guang.Combined cooling,heating and power based on methanol decomposition with solar energy[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2009,30(10):1621-1624.
[5]杨承,王旭升,张驰,等.太阳能与压缩空气耦合储能的燃气轮机CCHP系统特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(18):5350-5358,5534.YANG Cheng,WANG Xu-sheng,ZHANG Chi,et al.Performannces ofgas turbine-based CCHP system combined with solar and compressed air energy storage[J]Proceedingsof the CSEE,2017,37(18):5350-5358,5534.
[6]范峻铭,洪慧,张浩,等.中温太阳能驱动甲烷化学链重整冷热电系统及性能研究[J].工程热物理学报,2018,39(3):465-470.FAN Jun-ming,HONG Hui,ZHANG Hao,et al.Analysis of combined cooling,heating and power system based on methane chemical looping reforming driven by mid-temp sloar energy[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2018,39(3):465-470.
[7]张远,杨科,李雪梅,等.基于先进绝热压缩空气储能的冷热电联产系统[J].工程热物理学报,2013,34(11):1991-1996.ZHANG Yuan,YANG Ke,LI Xue-mei,et al.A Combined cooling,heating and power(CCHP)system based on advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage(AA-CAES)technology[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2013,34(11):1991-1996.
[8]杨新乐,董思含,黄菲菲,等.低温蒸汽-太阳能双热源ORC发电系统热力性能分析[J].热能动力工程,2016,31(1):105-110,138-139.YANG Xin-le,DONG Si-han,HUANG Fei-fei,et al.Thermal performance analysis of a low tempera-ture steam-solar energy dual heat source ORC(Organic Rankine Cycle)power generation system[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2016,31(1):105-110,138-139.
[9]杨新乐,任姝,黄菲菲,等.低温地热ORC-AHT联合循环系统热力性能分析[J].热能动力工程,2017,32(4):13-19,135.YANG Xin-le,REN Shu,HUANG Fei-fei,et al.Thermal performance analysis of low temperature Ge-othermal ORC-AHT combined cycle system[J]Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2017,32(4):13-19,135.
[10]周慧涛,太阳能供暖系统中相变蓄热器热性能研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2014.ZHOU Hui-tao.Research on thermal performance of phase change thermal energy storage unit for solar energy heat pump heating system[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2014.
[11]HUNG T C.Waste heat recovery of organic Rankine cycle using dry fluids[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2001,42(5):539-553.
[12]崔雁清,尤琦,汤传琦,等.基于双有机朗肯循环的CNG发动机余热回收系统参数优化及工质选择[J].车用发动机,2016(5):61-68.CUI Yan-qing,YOU Qi,TANG Chuan-qi,et al.Parameter optimization and working fluid selection of waste heat recovery system for CNG engine based on dual organic Rankine cycle[J].Vehicle Engine,2016(5):61-68.
[13]SALEH B,KOGLBAUER G,WENDLAND M,FISCHER J.Working fluids for low temperature organic rankine cycles[J].Eneery,2007,32(7):1210-1221.
[14]邵振华,于文远.中温地热能驱动的有机朗肯-复叠式制冷系统性能分析[J].可再生能源,2015,33(4):579-585.SHAO Zhen-hua,YU Wen-yuan.Study onorganic Rankine cascade refrigeration system powered by medium-grade geothermal energy[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2015,33(4):579-585.
[15]王辉涛,王华.低温太阳能热力发电有机朗肯循环工质的选择[J].动力工程,2009,29(3):287-291.WANG Hui-tao,WANG Hua.Selection of working fluids for lowtemperature solar thermal power generation organic rankine cycles[J]Journal of Power Engineering,2009,29(3):287-291.
[16]赵春华,郑思宇,汪成康,等.基于有机朗肯循环的低温太阳能发电系统工质的选择[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(3):89-92.ZHAO Chun-hua,ZHENG Si-yu,WANG Cheng-kang,et al.Working fluid selection of low-temperature solar power generation system based on organic Rankine cycle[J].Journal of China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences Edition),2017,39(3):89-92.