穿越采空区氮气钻井工艺应用研究
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摘要
以寺河矿区穿越采空区氮气钻井试验为背景,通过分析煤层取心测试数据,指出钻井穿越3号煤层采空区抽采9+15号煤层瓦斯的必要性。利用"三带"理论明确了3号煤层采空区顶板以上74.4m及底板以下22.73m为钻井漏失带,采用氮气钻井穿越该层段有助于安全高效施工;优化了穿越采空区氮气钻井的三开井身结构;根据穿越采空区氮气钻井工艺需要,配套设计了地面钻井工艺流程。氮气钻井工艺在寺河矿区试验的成功,证明该工艺的可行性,对穿越采空区钻井技术的研究和推广应用具有重要的指导意义。
Based on nitrogen drilling testing in the goaf of Sihe coal mine,the necessity of drilling through the goaf in3#coal seam to extract gas from 9+15#coal seam was proposed by analyzing the testing data of cores recovered from the coal seam.Based on"three band"theory,it was confirmed that there are drilling leakage zones present in3#coal seam,which are located at 74.4 mabove the roof and 22.73 mbelow the floor of the goaf respectively.Using nitrogen fluid to drill these zones can ensure drilling safety and improve the drilling efficiency.In order to meet the requirement of nitrogen drilling,the well structure with three sections and the surface drilling process were optimized.The successful application of the nitrogen drilling process in Sihe mine indicates that this process can be used in the goaf of coal mine,which provides an important guide for the research and application of drilling technology in goaf.
Based on nitrogen drilling testing in the goaf of Sihe coal mine,the necessity of drilling through the goaf in3#coal seam to extract gas from 9+15#coal seam was proposed by analyzing the testing data of cores recovered from the coal seam.Based on"three band"theory,it was confirmed that there are drilling leakage zones present in3#coal seam,which are located at 74.4 mabove the roof and 22.73 mbelow the floor of the goaf respectively.Using nitrogen fluid to drill these zones can ensure drilling safety and improve the drilling efficiency.In order to meet the requirement of nitrogen drilling,the well structure with three sections and the surface drilling process were optimized.The successful application of the nitrogen drilling process in Sihe mine indicates that this process can be used in the goaf of coal mine,which provides an important guide for the research and application of drilling technology in goaf.
引文
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[15]杨少华.元坝须家河组氮气钻井可行性评价与配套方案推荐[D].四川成都:西南石油大学,2015.YANG Shaohua.Feasibility evaluation and matching scheme recommendation of nitrogen drilling in Xujiahe formation of Yuanba[D].Chengdu Sichuan:Southwest Petroleum University,2015.
[16]杨毅,齐彬,黄琳,等.氮气钻井与筛管完井在中浅油层开采中的利用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2013,40(10):5-8.YANG Yi,QI Bin,HUANG Lin,et al.Application of nitrogen drilling and screen pipe completion in middle-shallow oil reservoir mining[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2013,40(10):5-8.
[2]曹树刚,邹德均,白燕杰,等.“三软”薄煤层群沿空留巷区段上行式开采研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(3):322-327.CAO Shugang,ZOU Dejun,BAI Yanjie,et al.Study on upward mining of sublevels for gob-side entry retaining in threesoft thin coal seam group[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(3):322-327.
[3]陈平安.大直径瓦斯孔穿越采空区施工技术[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2016,43(10):209-214.CHEN Pingan.Construction technology for large diameter gas drainage borehole through coalmine gob area[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2016,43(10):209-214.
[4]齐治虎,曹伟,张晓昂,等.空气钻井在穿越采空区煤层气井中的应用[C]//中国地质学会探矿工程专业委员会.第十八届全国探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程)技术学术交流年会论文集.北京:地质出版社,2015:558-560.QI Zhihu,CAO Wei,ZHANG Xiaoang,et al.Application of air drilling in coalbed methane wells crossing goaf[C]//Mineral Engineering Committee,Geological Society of China.Special for the Eighteenth National Exploration Engineering(Drilling and Tunneling)Academic Conferences.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2015:558-560.
[5]黄雪琴,孟庆昆.液氮应用于干热岩钻探的可行性探讨[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2018,45(2):22-25.HUANG Xueqin,MENG Qingkun.Feasibility study on application of liquid nitrogen in hot dry rock drilling[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2018,45(2):22-25.
[6]李洪,汪海阁,杨成新,等.库车东部致密砂岩气藏氮气欠平衡钻井技术[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(11):94-97.LI Hong,WANG Haige,YANG Chengxin,et al.Techniques of nitrogen underbalanced drilling in tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the eastern Kuqa area[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(11):94-97.
[7]杨虎.裂缝性储层充氮气欠平衡钻井流体参数设计图版与实例[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(6):118-124.YANG Hu.Hydraulic parameter design chart of aerated nitrogen underbalanced drilling and application in fractured reservoirs[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(6):118-124.
[8]防治煤与瓦斯突出规定[J].劳动保护,2009,(8):115-125.Regulations on prevention and control of coal and gas outburst[J].Labour Protection,2009,(8):115-125.
[9]许太山.高瓦斯矿井综合瓦斯抽采技术实践[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(12):52-54,96.XU Taishan.Practice on comprehensive gas drainage technology in high gassy mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(12):52-54,96.
[10]王志强,李鹏飞,王磊,等.再论采场“三带”的划分方法及工程应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(S2):287-293.WANG Zhiqiang,LI Pengfei,WANG Lei,et al.Method of division and engineering use of“three band”in the stope again[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(S2):287-293.
[11]曹丁涛,李文平.煤矿导水裂隙带高度计算方法研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2014,25(1):63-69.CAO Dingtao,LI Wenping.Estimation method for height of fratured zone with water flow in coal mining area[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2014,25(1):63-69.
[12]魏久传,李白英.承压水上采煤安全性评价[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000,28(4):57-59.WEI Jiuchuan,LI Baiying.Security evaluation of coal mining above the confined aquifers[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2000,28(4):57-59.
[13]柳聪亮,谭志祥,李培现,等.底板采动导水破坏带深度求取方法研究[J].煤矿开采,2010,15(5):38-41.LIU Congliang,TAN Zhixiang,LI Peixian,et al.Calculation methods for depth of floor water-conductive fissure zone induced by mining[J].Coal Mining Technology,2010,15(5):38-41.
[14]严桂凤,董青红.趋势面分析在预测底板采动导水破坏带深度中的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2013,40(2):52-54.YAN Guifeng,DONG Qinghong.Application of trend-surface analysis in prediction of floor water flowing fractured zone depth[J].Mining Safety&Environmental Protection,2013,40(2):52-54.
[15]杨少华.元坝须家河组氮气钻井可行性评价与配套方案推荐[D].四川成都:西南石油大学,2015.YANG Shaohua.Feasibility evaluation and matching scheme recommendation of nitrogen drilling in Xujiahe formation of Yuanba[D].Chengdu Sichuan:Southwest Petroleum University,2015.
[16]杨毅,齐彬,黄琳,等.氮气钻井与筛管完井在中浅油层开采中的利用[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2013,40(10):5-8.YANG Yi,QI Bin,HUANG Lin,et al.Application of nitrogen drilling and screen pipe completion in middle-shallow oil reservoir mining[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2013,40(10):5-8.