基于设计过程基因的设计过程仿生优化
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摘要
从产品设计过程与生物遗传进化过程的相似性出发,引入生物遗传变异原理和基因优化重组方法研究设计过程优化,提出一种通过优化重组设计过程基因进行设计过程仿生优化的方法。以设计过程知识为基本单元构造设计过程基因,分析其内涵、结构和特征,引入可拓论的基元建模方法建立设计过程基因的基元模型,提出并分析设计过程基因组的概念及其组织结构;在划分设计类型的基础上建立了产品设计过程仿生优化过程参考模型;利用基元的可扩性实现设计过程基因重组与变异。通过某型号飞机设计过程仿生优化方法应用实例,验证了所提方法的可行性和合理性。
Aimed at the analogy between the design process of product and the evolution process of organism, both the principle of genetic variation and the method of gene engineering are introduced to the design-process optimization, and a method for the bionic optimization of design process based on the design-process gene is proposed. The design-process gene is configured with the knowledge-based element, and its definition, structure and features are analyzed. Based on the concept of basic element in Extenics, the element model of the design-process gene is set up. Besides, the concept of the design-process genome and its organizational structure are put forward and analyzed. The reference model of the bionic optimization of design process is established, according to the design categories. The expansibility of basic element is used for the recombination and variation of the design-process gene. The feasibility and rationality of this method are verified by an application example of the bionic optimization of design process for a certain type of aircraft.
Aimed at the analogy between the design process of product and the evolution process of organism, both the principle of genetic variation and the method of gene engineering are introduced to the design-process optimization, and a method for the bionic optimization of design process based on the design-process gene is proposed. The design-process gene is configured with the knowledge-based element, and its definition, structure and features are analyzed. Based on the concept of basic element in Extenics, the element model of the design-process gene is set up. Besides, the concept of the design-process genome and its organizational structure are put forward and analyzed. The reference model of the bionic optimization of design process is established, according to the design categories. The expansibility of basic element is used for the recombination and variation of the design-process gene. The feasibility and rationality of this method are verified by an application example of the bionic optimization of design process for a certain type of aircraft.
引文
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[2]熊光楞.并行工程的理论与实践[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[3]Shahin Tmm,Sivaloganthan S,Gilliver R.Automation of feature-based modeling and finite element analysis for optimal design[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering Design 1997,Tempere,Finland:Tampere University of Technology,1997:329-333.
[4]Finger S.Design reuse and design research-keynote paper[C]//Proceedings of the Engineering Design Conference1998 on Design Reuse,London,UK:Brunel University,1998:2-10.
[5]Hunter R,Vizán A,Pérez J.Knowledge model as an integral way to reuse the knowledge for fixture design process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2005(164/165):1510-1518.
[6]Kim K Y,Kim Y S.Causal design knowledge:Alternative representation method for product development knowledge management[J].Computer-Aided Design,2011,43(9):1137-1153.
[7]Wu Jh.A design methodology for form-based knowledge reuse and representation[J].Information&Management,2009,46(7):365-375.
[8]Ahmed S.Encouraging reuse of design knowledge:a method to index knowledge[J].Design Studies,2005,26(6):565-592.
[9]Krogstie L,Andersson P.A case study on reuse of manufacturing knowledge-comparing defense practices with automotive&aerospace practices[C]//Procedia CIRP,45th CIRPConference on Manufacturing Systems 2012,Amsterdam,Netherlands:Elsevier B V,2012,3:430-435.
[10]Zhang D,Hu D,Xu Y,et al.A framework for design knowledge management and reuse for Product-Service Systems in construction machinery industry[J].Computers in Industry,2012,63(4):328-337.
[11]沈斌,宫大.产品设计知识重用研究[J].计算机工程,2006,32(18):186-188,210.
[12]刘征.面向设计情境的知识获取与演化[J].机械设计,2015,32(1):110-113.
[13]徐毅,金博,滕弘飞,等.面向中小企业的变粒度双网映射零部件设计重用.大连理工大学学报,2012,52(1):119-125.
[14]Shah J J,Leon D K.Database infrastructure for supporting engineering design histories[J].Computer-Aided Design,1996,28(5):347-360.
[15]范文慧,熊光楞,王计斌,等.产品设计历史的捕获与管理[J].计算机工程与应用,2002,38(3):1-4,37.
[16]王昕,操晴,熊光楞.基于产品数据管理的设计历史建模和管理的研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2001,7(2):25-29.
[17]秦飞巍,李路野,高曙明.设计理性研究进展.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报[J],2012,24(10):1283-1293.
[18]敬石开,刘继红,胡旭洁.面向设计重用的设计理性模型变换方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(6):1186-1193.
[19]姜少飞,邵建辉,李吉泉.设计历史功能重用与变异方法研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2014,20(6):1276-1290.
[20]Yan W,Chen C H,Chang W C.An investigation into sustainable product conceptualization using a design knowledge hierarchy and Hopfield network[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2009,56(4):1617-1626.
[21]马辉,张树有,谭建荣,等.基于事物元的产品设计过程可拓重用方法[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(3):110-123.
[22]邹纯稳,张树有,伊国栋,等.面向产品变异设计的零件可拓物元模型研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2008,14(9):1676-1682.
[23]齐峰,谭建荣,张树有,等.面向大规模定制设计的资源可重用模型及过程[J].计算机集成制造系统,2004,10(5):508-513.
[24]黄华,靳岚.基于物元模型的复杂机械产品可重构设计[J].计算机集成制造系统,2013,19(11):2686-2696.
[25]屠立,张树有,陆长明.基于知识模板的复杂产品设计重用方法研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(6):1042-1048.
[26]Gero Js.Adaptive systems in designing:new analogies from genetics and developmental biology[C]//Parmee(ed.).Adaptive computing in design and manufacture,London,UK:Springer-Verlag London Limited,1998:3-12.
[27]Vajna S,Clement S,Jordan A,et al.The autogenetic design theory:an evolutionary view of the design process[J].Journal of Engineering Design,2005,16(4):423-440.
[28]Chen Kz,Feng Xa.Virtual genes of manufacturing products and their reforms for product innovative design[C]//Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,part C(Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science),2004,218(C5):557-574.
[29]顾新建,谭建荣,祁国宁.机械产品基因信息模型[J].中国机械工程,1997,8(2):77-79.
[30]陈洪武,黄克正,杨波.基于生长型设计的机械产品基因研究[J].机械科学与技术,2005,24(4):447-450,453.
[31]冯培恩,朱爱华,陈泳,等.产品基因及其在能量转化功能求解中的应用[J].工程设计学报,2004,11(3):113-118.
[32]杨春燕,蔡文.可拓工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[33]李博,同淑荣,石鑫,等.设计过程基因图谱与设计过程优化[J].机械科学与技术,2012,31(6):952-957.
[34]李文正.飞机设计流程解析[M].北京:航空工业出版社,2013.