棱边强化薄壁方管静动态轴压理论和仿真研究
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摘要
本文旨在对棱边强化薄壁方管的静动态轴向压溃进行研究。首先分析了方管静态平均压溃力公式中的能量等效流动应力选取方法及其对理论预测结果的影响,之后结合Cowper-Symonds经验公式,导出了动态平均压溃力公式。同时基于Hypermesh 9.0建立了440A原始和棱边强化薄壁方管静动态轴向压溃有限元模型,仿真再现了塑性变形过程和压溃力波动状况,仿真值与理论值吻合得较好,最大偏差不超过4.0%。最后,制作若干个棱边塑性应变强化的35钢方管,进行压溃试验,验证了静态轴向压溃理论的有效性,理论值与试验值之间偏差仅为7.1%。本研究为棱边强化薄壁部件的强度设计及其在车身结构中的应用提供了参考。
This paper aims to study the static and dynamic axial crushing of ridgeline strengthened thin-walled square tube. Firstly, the choosing method of the energy-equivalent flow stress in the formula of static mean crushing force for ridgeline strengthened square tube and its effects on theoretical prediction results are analyzed. Then the formula for dynamic mean crushing force is derived based on Cowper-Symonds empirical formula. Meanwhile, the finite element models for 440 A original and ridgeline strengthened square tubes subjected to static and dynamic axial crushing are built with Hypermesh 9.0, and a simulation is conducted to reconstruct its plastic deformation process with the fluctuation of crushing force, and the results well agree with theoretical values with a maximum deviation less than 4%. Finally, several 35 steel square tubes with plastic strain strengthened ridgelines are fabricated for conducting static crushing test, verifying the validation of the static mean crushing force formula with a 7.1% derivation from the theoretical value. This study provides some references for the strength design of ridgeline strengthened thin-walled square tubes and their application in vehicle body structures.
This paper aims to study the static and dynamic axial crushing of ridgeline strengthened thin-walled square tube. Firstly, the choosing method of the energy-equivalent flow stress in the formula of static mean crushing force for ridgeline strengthened square tube and its effects on theoretical prediction results are analyzed. Then the formula for dynamic mean crushing force is derived based on Cowper-Symonds empirical formula. Meanwhile, the finite element models for 440 A original and ridgeline strengthened square tubes subjected to static and dynamic axial crushing are built with Hypermesh 9.0, and a simulation is conducted to reconstruct its plastic deformation process with the fluctuation of crushing force, and the results well agree with theoretical values with a maximum deviation less than 4%. Finally, several 35 steel square tubes with plastic strain strengthened ridgelines are fabricated for conducting static crushing test, verifying the validation of the static mean crushing force formula with a 7.1% derivation from the theoretical value. This study provides some references for the strength design of ridgeline strengthened thin-walled square tubes and their application in vehicle body structures.
引文
[1] 郑玉卿,朱西产,胡强,等.薄壁结构棱边强化效果[J].交通运输工程学报,2016,16(5):57-65.
[2] ALEXANDER J M.An approximate analysis of the collapse of thin cylindrical columns[J].Q.J.Mech.Appl.Math.,1960,13(1):10-15.
[3] JOHNSON W.Impact strength of materials[M].London:Edward Arnold,1972.
[4] ABRAMOWCZ W,JONES N.Dynamic progressive buckling of circular and square tubes[J].Int.J.Impact Engng.,1986,4:243-270.
[5] SINGACE A A,El-SOBKY H.Further experimental investigation on the eccentricity factor in the progressive crushing of tubes[J].Int.J.Solids Structure,1996,33:3517-3538.
[6] WIERZBICKI T,ABRAMOWICZ W.On the crushing mechanics of thin-walled structures[J].ASME J.Appl.Mech.,1983,50:727-734.
[7] LANGSETH M,HOPPERSTAD O S,BERSTAD T.Crashworthiness of aluminium extrusions:validation of numerical simulation,effect of mass ratio and impact velocity[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,1999,22(9):829-854.
[8] OTUBUSHIN A.Detailed validation of a non-linear finite element code using dynamic axial crushing of a square tube[J].Int.J.Impact Eng.,1998,21(5):349-368.
[9] MARSOLEK J,REIMERDES H G.Energy absorption of metallic cylindrical shells with induced non-axisymmetric folding patters[C].8th International Symposium on Plasticity and Impact Mechanics,IMPLAST 2003,New Delhi,India,Mar.16-19th,Phoenix Publishing House:454-464.
[10] 王青春,范子杰.利用LS-DYNA计算结构准静态压溃的改进方法[J].力学与实践,2003,25(3):20-23.
[11] 项玉江,范子杰.帽型薄壁管件准静态压溃模拟计算中焊点的处理方法[J].汽车工程,2004,26(6):750-754.
[12] 朱西产,钟荣华.薄壁直梁件碰撞性能计算机仿真方法的研究[J].汽车工程,2000,22(2):85-89.
[13] 王特捷,付应乾,俞鑫炉,等.帽型梁落锤轴向冲击实验及有限元分析[J].现代应用物理,2014,5(1):59-63.
[14] 嵇明,安孫子拓也,岡村俊明.異なる材料強度の稜線を有する箱形断面の圧縮曲げ強度[C].自動車技術会論文集.とうきょう:日本自動車エンジニア学会,2015,46(3):635-652.
[15] 郑玉卿,朱西产.棱边强化薄壁方管轴向压溃吸能特性[J].汽车工程,2017,39(11):1252-1260.
[16] 郑玉卿,朱西产,胡强,等.棱线强化薄壁方管轴向压溃力学特性[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2016,44(6):949-954.
[17] WIERZBICKI T,ABROMOWICZ W.The mechanics of deep plastic collapse of thin-walled structures.Structural failure[M].New York:Wiley,1989,281-329.
[18] KECMAN D,SUTHURST G D.Theoretical determination of the maximum bending strength in the car body components[C].IMech E.,1984,C181/84:53-61.
[19] KIM T H,REID S R.Bending collapse of thin-walled rectangular section columns[J].Computers and Structures,2001,79:1897-1911.
[20] 余同希,卢国兴.材料与结构的能量吸收[M].华云龙,译.北京:化学工业出版社,2006:42-43.
[21] CAMPBELL J D,COOPER R H.Yield and flow of low-carbon steel at medium strain rates[C].Proc.Conf.on the Physical Basis of Yield and Fracture,Inst.of Physics and Physical Soc.,London,1966:77-87.
[22] GROTH H L,JOHANNSON R E,LUNDH H.Energy absorption in stainless steel structural members for automotive applications[C].In Proceedings to 1991 ISATA Conference on Road and Vehicle Safety,Italy,1991,Paper 910914:71-78.
[23] 中国汽车技术研究中心.C-NCAP管理规则(2015年)[EB/OL].http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=4Kw6hwSiqngoBjdb6 PRiYXZoZWkgJ1n9S2Ky9AAP6uM0_uiBt-k4EOusmK3_BFj9-qkwA9DzgfA1wA7GTZWWUs9Rfr80XkxlUXBjZtrPwnG,2015.
[2] ALEXANDER J M.An approximate analysis of the collapse of thin cylindrical columns[J].Q.J.Mech.Appl.Math.,1960,13(1):10-15.
[3] JOHNSON W.Impact strength of materials[M].London:Edward Arnold,1972.
[4] ABRAMOWCZ W,JONES N.Dynamic progressive buckling of circular and square tubes[J].Int.J.Impact Engng.,1986,4:243-270.
[5] SINGACE A A,El-SOBKY H.Further experimental investigation on the eccentricity factor in the progressive crushing of tubes[J].Int.J.Solids Structure,1996,33:3517-3538.
[6] WIERZBICKI T,ABRAMOWICZ W.On the crushing mechanics of thin-walled structures[J].ASME J.Appl.Mech.,1983,50:727-734.
[7] LANGSETH M,HOPPERSTAD O S,BERSTAD T.Crashworthiness of aluminium extrusions:validation of numerical simulation,effect of mass ratio and impact velocity[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,1999,22(9):829-854.
[8] OTUBUSHIN A.Detailed validation of a non-linear finite element code using dynamic axial crushing of a square tube[J].Int.J.Impact Eng.,1998,21(5):349-368.
[9] MARSOLEK J,REIMERDES H G.Energy absorption of metallic cylindrical shells with induced non-axisymmetric folding patters[C].8th International Symposium on Plasticity and Impact Mechanics,IMPLAST 2003,New Delhi,India,Mar.16-19th,Phoenix Publishing House:454-464.
[10] 王青春,范子杰.利用LS-DYNA计算结构准静态压溃的改进方法[J].力学与实践,2003,25(3):20-23.
[11] 项玉江,范子杰.帽型薄壁管件准静态压溃模拟计算中焊点的处理方法[J].汽车工程,2004,26(6):750-754.
[12] 朱西产,钟荣华.薄壁直梁件碰撞性能计算机仿真方法的研究[J].汽车工程,2000,22(2):85-89.
[13] 王特捷,付应乾,俞鑫炉,等.帽型梁落锤轴向冲击实验及有限元分析[J].现代应用物理,2014,5(1):59-63.
[14] 嵇明,安孫子拓也,岡村俊明.異なる材料強度の稜線を有する箱形断面の圧縮曲げ強度[C].自動車技術会論文集.とうきょう:日本自動車エンジニア学会,2015,46(3):635-652.
[15] 郑玉卿,朱西产.棱边强化薄壁方管轴向压溃吸能特性[J].汽车工程,2017,39(11):1252-1260.
[16] 郑玉卿,朱西产,胡强,等.棱线强化薄壁方管轴向压溃力学特性[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2016,44(6):949-954.
[17] WIERZBICKI T,ABROMOWICZ W.The mechanics of deep plastic collapse of thin-walled structures.Structural failure[M].New York:Wiley,1989,281-329.
[18] KECMAN D,SUTHURST G D.Theoretical determination of the maximum bending strength in the car body components[C].IMech E.,1984,C181/84:53-61.
[19] KIM T H,REID S R.Bending collapse of thin-walled rectangular section columns[J].Computers and Structures,2001,79:1897-1911.
[20] 余同希,卢国兴.材料与结构的能量吸收[M].华云龙,译.北京:化学工业出版社,2006:42-43.
[21] CAMPBELL J D,COOPER R H.Yield and flow of low-carbon steel at medium strain rates[C].Proc.Conf.on the Physical Basis of Yield and Fracture,Inst.of Physics and Physical Soc.,London,1966:77-87.
[22] GROTH H L,JOHANNSON R E,LUNDH H.Energy absorption in stainless steel structural members for automotive applications[C].In Proceedings to 1991 ISATA Conference on Road and Vehicle Safety,Italy,1991,Paper 910914:71-78.
[23] 中国汽车技术研究中心.C-NCAP管理规则(2015年)[EB/OL].http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=4Kw6hwSiqngoBjdb6 PRiYXZoZWkgJ1n9S2Ky9AAP6uM0_uiBt-k4EOusmK3_BFj9-qkwA9DzgfA1wA7GTZWWUs9Rfr80XkxlUXBjZtrPwnG,2015.