直流输电线路地面合成电场测量方法探讨
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摘要
随着直流输电技术的快速发展,我国对于直流地面合成电场的监测需求也不断增加。根据我国相关测量标准规定,在进行直流输电线路地面合成电场测量时应在场磨式电场传感器上安装1m×1m的接地参考金属平板,但在现场测量中,受到现场实际情况的制约,安装接地参考金属平板存在诸多不便之处。该文针对常用的场磨式电场传感器,建立三维有限元计算模型,计算不同布置方式下的场磨式电场传感器感应片上的电场分布,探讨不同测量方法之间的差异,并给出了各种方法的适用条件。通过对比分析有、无接地参考金属平板两种情况下感应片上的电场强度及修正系数,发现在校准装置参数合理取值的前提下,可以取消接地参考金属平板。最后在直流模拟试验线段下,对有、无接地参考金属平板情况进行了地面合成电场的测量对比试验,测量结果验证了无接地参考金属平板方法的有效性。
As the DC transmission technology develops rapidly, the demanding on the monitor of the DC ground total electric field is undergoing an enduring rise. According to the relevant test standards in China, 1 m×1 m grounded reference plane should be installed right above the field mill electric field sensor while doing the DC ground total electric field measurements. However, during practical operations, restricted by the situations on the spot, there are many inconveniences if the grounded reference planes exist. A three dimensional finite element simulation model was established for the electric field sensor, and the electric field distribution on induction plate was calculated under different arrangements. Based on that, the distinctions between different measurement methods were thoroughly discussed and conditions for these methods to be applicable were given. Through comparative analyses of the electric field strength and correction factor on the induction plate in both cases of grounded reference plane and no grounded reference plane, the results show that it is feasible to discard the grounded reference plane under the condition that the parameters of the calibration device are reasonable. At last, some field tests were carried out by using DC reduced-scale test line to verify the validity of the simulation results.
As the DC transmission technology develops rapidly, the demanding on the monitor of the DC ground total electric field is undergoing an enduring rise. According to the relevant test standards in China, 1 m×1 m grounded reference plane should be installed right above the field mill electric field sensor while doing the DC ground total electric field measurements. However, during practical operations, restricted by the situations on the spot, there are many inconveniences if the grounded reference planes exist. A three dimensional finite element simulation model was established for the electric field sensor, and the electric field distribution on induction plate was calculated under different arrangements. Based on that, the distinctions between different measurement methods were thoroughly discussed and conditions for these methods to be applicable were given. Through comparative analyses of the electric field strength and correction factor on the induction plate in both cases of grounded reference plane and no grounded reference plane, the results show that it is feasible to discard the grounded reference plane under the condition that the parameters of the calibration device are reasonable. At last, some field tests were carried out by using DC reduced-scale test line to verify the validity of the simulation results.
引文
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[18]崔勇,袁海文,陆家榆,等.特高压直流输电线路下离子流对合成电场测量的影响[J].高电压技术,2013,39(10):2459-2464.Cui Yong,Yuan Haiwen,Lu Jiayu,et al.Impact of Ion current on total electric field measurement under HVDCtransmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(10):2459-2464(in English).
[19]Zhao Luxing,Cui Xiang,Xie Li,et al.Altitude correction of radio interference of HVDC transmission lines part II:measured data analysis and altitude correction[J].IEEETransactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2017,59(1):284-292.
[2]孙昕,刘泽洪,高理迎,等.±800k V特高压直流工程创新实践[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(22):35-45.Sun Xin,Liu Zehong,Gao Liying,et al.Practice and innovation in the±800 k V UHVDC demonstration project[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(22):35-45(in English).
[3]张文亮,于永清,李光范,等.特高压直流技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(22):1-7.Zhang Wenliang,Yu Yongqing,Li Guangfan,et al.Researches on UHVDC technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(22):1-7(in Chinese).
[4]杨勇,陆家榆,鞠勇.基于Deutsch假设法和有限元法的高压直流线路地面合成电场对比分析[J].电网技术,2013,37(2):526-532.Yang Yong,Lu Jiayu,Ju Yong.Contrast and analysis on total electric field at ground level under HVDCtransmission lines by Deutsch assumption-based method and finite element method[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(2):526-532(in Chinese).
[5]罗兆楠,崔翔,甄永赞,等.直流输电线路三维离子流场的计算方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(27):102-107.Luo Zhaonan,Cui Xiang,Zhen Yongzan,et al.Acalculation method for 3-D ionized field under HVDCtransmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(27):102-107(in Chinese).
[6]Maruvada P S,Dallaire R D,Pedneault R.Development of field-mill instruments for ground-level and above-ground electric field measurement under HVDCtransmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1983,PAS-102(3):738-744.
[7]张建功,马士新,张广洲,等.直流电场测量装置研制[J].高电压技术,2009,35(12):3027-3030.Zhang Jiangong,Ma Shixin,Zhang Guangzhou,et al.Development of measurement device for DCelectric-field strength[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(12):3027-3030(in Chinese).
[8]崔勇,袁海文,赵录兴,等.基于有限元方法的场磨式电场传感器标定装置优化设计[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2015,41(10):1807-1812.Cui Yong,Yuan Haiwen,Zhao Luxing,et al.Optimum design of calibration device for field mill type electric field sensor based on finite element method[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2015,41(10):1807-1812(in Chinese).
[9]Cui Yong,Wang Qiusheng,Yuan Haiwen,et al.Relative localization in wireless sensor networks for measurement of electric fields under HVDC transmission lines[J].Sensors,2015,15(2):3540-3564.
[10]Comber M G,Johnson G B.HVDC field and ion effects research at project UHV:results of electric field and ion current measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1982,PAS-101(7):1998-2006.
[11]Yang Pengfei,Chen Bo,Wen Xiaolong,et al.A novel MEMS chip-based atmospheric electric field sensor for lightning hazard warning applications[C]//Proceedings of2015 IEEE SENSORS.Busan:IEEE,2015:1-4.
[12]中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会.DL/T1089-2008直流换流站与线路合成场强、离子流密度测试方法[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2008.National Development and Reform Commission.DL/T1089-2008 Measurement method for total electric field strength and ion current density of the converter station and DC transmission lines[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2008(in Chinese).
[13]American National Standards Institute.IEEE Standard1227-1990 IEEE guide for the measurement of DCelectric-field strength and ion related quantities[S].USA:IEEE,1990.
[14]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004:11-12,272-274.Zhao Wanjun.HVDC transmission engineering technology[M].Beijing,China:China Electric Power Press,2004:11-12,272-274(in Chinese).
[15]Maruvada P S.Corona performance of high-voltage transmission lines[M].London,UK:Research Studies Press,2000.
[16]杨勇.高压直流模拟试验短线段下地面3维合成电场的计算分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(3):655-660.Yang Yong.Calculation analysis on three-dimensional total electric field at ground level under short HVDCsimulation test line section[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(3):655-660(in Chinese).
[17]邹志龙,崔翔,卢铁兵.空间电荷对旋转式直流电场仪测量准确性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3443-3449.Zou Zhilong,Cui Xiang,Lu Tiebing.Effects of space charges on the measurement accuracy of rotating direct current electric field mill[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(13):3443-3449(in Chinese).
[18]崔勇,袁海文,陆家榆,等.特高压直流输电线路下离子流对合成电场测量的影响[J].高电压技术,2013,39(10):2459-2464.Cui Yong,Yuan Haiwen,Lu Jiayu,et al.Impact of Ion current on total electric field measurement under HVDCtransmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(10):2459-2464(in English).
[19]Zhao Luxing,Cui Xiang,Xie Li,et al.Altitude correction of radio interference of HVDC transmission lines part II:measured data analysis and altitude correction[J].IEEETransactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2017,59(1):284-292.