诗性正义没有缺席——解析莫言的《爆炸》和《弃婴》
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摘要
莫言的中篇小说《爆炸》《弃婴》均取材于敏感复杂的社会问题,分别书写了计划生育带来的堕胎和弃婴事件,呈现出作者最痛彻的人生经验与恒久不变的传统生育伦理。在感觉世界与现实世界的对照中,在历史理性与人文关怀的张力中,莫言表达了对个体生命的同情和怜悯,对人的异化的愤怒和无奈。莫言凭借文学见证个人灵魂,介入社会现实,批判人的功利主义和冷漠自私,使得两部小说蕴含了鲜明的时代色彩和诗性正义。
Drawing from sensitive and complicated social issues,Mo Yan's novellas Exploding and The Foundling narrate the stories of abortion and baby abandonment caused by the implementation of family planning policy.They both present the most miserable life experience and the most enduring traditional birth ethics.In the contrast between the affective world and the real world,and in the tension of historical rationality and humane care,Mo Yan expresses his passion and sympathy for the individual life as well as his anger and helplessness to the alienation of human beings.In the two novellas,he witnesses the soul of the individual and criticizes the utilitarianism and indifference of human beings in a manner of social reality,making them contain distinctive color and poetic justice of the era.
Drawing from sensitive and complicated social issues,Mo Yan's novellas Exploding and The Foundling narrate the stories of abortion and baby abandonment caused by the implementation of family planning policy.They both present the most miserable life experience and the most enduring traditional birth ethics.In the contrast between the affective world and the real world,and in the tension of historical rationality and humane care,Mo Yan expresses his passion and sympathy for the individual life as well as his anger and helplessness to the alienation of human beings.In the two novellas,he witnesses the soul of the individual and criticizes the utilitarianism and indifference of human beings in a manner of social reality,making them contain distinctive color and poetic justice of the era.
引文
[1]吴义勤.原罪与救赎:读莫言长篇小说《蛙》[J].南方文坛,2010(3):43-45.
[2]莫言.爆炸[J].人民文学,1985(12):19-38.文中所引小说内容皆出自该处,不另加注.
[3]朱向前.莫言小说“写意”散论[J].当代作家评论,1986(4):12-19.
[4]张志忠.论莫言的艺术感觉[J].文艺研究,1986(4):68-73.
[5]彭佩云.中国计划生育全书[M].北京:中国人口出版社,1997:16.
[6]莫言.黔驴之鸣[J].青年文学,1986(2):50.
[7]朱伟.我认识的莫言[J].三联生活周刊,2012(42):58-66.
[8]王玉.莫言评传[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014:405.
[9]莫言.小说的气味[M].北京:当代世界出版社,2004:68.
[10]莫言接受德媒专访.我是作家不是演员[EB/OL].参考消息网,(2013-03-02)[2016-10-02].http://china.cankaoxiaoxi.com/2013/0302/172562.shtml.
[11]朱向前.天马行空:莫言小说艺术评点[J].小说评论,1986(2):50-54.
[12]莫言.弃婴[J].中篇小说选刊,1987(3):162-169.
[13]莫言.人有时是极难理喻的……[J].中篇小说选刊,1987(3):170.
[14]毕新伟,朱丽婷.台静农的《弃婴》与五四人道主义[J].兴义民族师范学院学报,2014(2):39-42.
[15]夏世龙.救赎在路上:从《爆炸》到《蛙》[J].铜陵学院学报,2008(5):84-85.
[16]杨联芬.莫言小说的价值与缺陷[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),1990(1):63-69.
[17]沙青青.西方学者解读计划生育缘起:科学主义赢得人口政策之争[EB/OL].澎湃网,(2015-10-30)[2016-10-03].http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1390774.
[18]王贵松.中国计划生育制度的合宪性调整[J].法商研究,2008(4):123-133.
[19]玛莎·努斯鲍姆.诗性正义:文学想象与公共生活[M].丁晓东,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2010:7.
[2]莫言.爆炸[J].人民文学,1985(12):19-38.文中所引小说内容皆出自该处,不另加注.
[3]朱向前.莫言小说“写意”散论[J].当代作家评论,1986(4):12-19.
[4]张志忠.论莫言的艺术感觉[J].文艺研究,1986(4):68-73.
[5]彭佩云.中国计划生育全书[M].北京:中国人口出版社,1997:16.
[6]莫言.黔驴之鸣[J].青年文学,1986(2):50.
[7]朱伟.我认识的莫言[J].三联生活周刊,2012(42):58-66.
[8]王玉.莫言评传[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014:405.
[9]莫言.小说的气味[M].北京:当代世界出版社,2004:68.
[10]莫言接受德媒专访.我是作家不是演员[EB/OL].参考消息网,(2013-03-02)[2016-10-02].http://china.cankaoxiaoxi.com/2013/0302/172562.shtml.
[11]朱向前.天马行空:莫言小说艺术评点[J].小说评论,1986(2):50-54.
[12]莫言.弃婴[J].中篇小说选刊,1987(3):162-169.
[13]莫言.人有时是极难理喻的……[J].中篇小说选刊,1987(3):170.
[14]毕新伟,朱丽婷.台静农的《弃婴》与五四人道主义[J].兴义民族师范学院学报,2014(2):39-42.
[15]夏世龙.救赎在路上:从《爆炸》到《蛙》[J].铜陵学院学报,2008(5):84-85.
[16]杨联芬.莫言小说的价值与缺陷[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),1990(1):63-69.
[17]沙青青.西方学者解读计划生育缘起:科学主义赢得人口政策之争[EB/OL].澎湃网,(2015-10-30)[2016-10-03].http://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1390774.
[18]王贵松.中国计划生育制度的合宪性调整[J].法商研究,2008(4):123-133.
[19]玛莎·努斯鲍姆.诗性正义:文学想象与公共生活[M].丁晓东,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2010:7.