里耶秦简量词研究
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摘要
已公布里耶秦简共有量词45个,其生命力强,多数沿用至今,为汉语量词系统奠定了基础;部分量词在发展中消亡了,甚至传世文献罕见,也值得深入考证。通过对里耶秦简量词的分类考察,可以发现秦代名量词系统初步建立,典型的动量词仍未产生;数量表示法中"数+量"和"名+数+量"结构使用频率高,使用量词的数量表示法已经开始占据优势地位,反映了秦代名量词的语法化已经获得了相当程度的发展。此外,里耶秦简所见量词往往可以修正此前学界认识,并为权威辞书的编纂修订提供崭新材料。
It has been announced that there are 45 quantifiers in Liye Qinjian, whose vitality is strong. Most of them have been used till today, which lays the foundation for the Chinese quantifier system. Some quantifiers have died out in the development, and even the handed-down documents are rare and worthy of further textual research. Through classifying and inspecting the quantifiers of Liye Qinjian, it can be found that the noun quantifier system of Qin dynasty is preliminarily established, but the typical verb quantifier is still not generated; the structure of "number + quantity" and "noun + number +quantity" in quantity representation is used frequently, and the quantity representation of quantifiers has already begun to occupy a dominant position, which reflects grammaticalization of noun quantifier in the Qin dynasty has obtained a considerable degree of development. In addition, the quantifiers of Liye Qinjian can often revise the previous academic knowledge and provide new materials for the revision of authoritative dictionaries.
It has been announced that there are 45 quantifiers in Liye Qinjian, whose vitality is strong. Most of them have been used till today, which lays the foundation for the Chinese quantifier system. Some quantifiers have died out in the development, and even the handed-down documents are rare and worthy of further textual research. Through classifying and inspecting the quantifiers of Liye Qinjian, it can be found that the noun quantifier system of Qin dynasty is preliminarily established, but the typical verb quantifier is still not generated; the structure of "number + quantity" and "noun + number +quantity" in quantity representation is used frequently, and the quantity representation of quantifiers has already begun to occupy a dominant position, which reflects grammaticalization of noun quantifier in the Qin dynasty has obtained a considerable degree of development. In addition, the quantifiers of Liye Qinjian can often revise the previous academic knowledge and provide new materials for the revision of authoritative dictionaries.
引文
陈伟2014《秦简牍合集·壹》,武汉:武汉大学出版社。
董玉芝1994《〈抱朴子〉复音词构词方式初探》,《古汉语研究》第4期。
冯赫2018《汉语量词“合”与“合(盒)”的历时考察》,《汉语学报》第3期。
傅铭第1965《关于动量词“匝”和“周”》,《中国语文》第1期。
湖南省文物考古研究所2007《里耶发掘报告》,长沙:岳麓书社。
惠红军2018《汉藏语系的数量名结构》,《汉语学报》第1期。
李建平2018《春秋战国时期齐国量制量词的兴替及其动因》,《西南大学学报》第4期。
李建平、张显成2016《汉语量词语法化研究》,《西南大学学报》第5期。
刘乐贤2001《读〈香港中文大学文物馆藏简牍〉》,《江汉考古》第4期。
刘世儒1965《魏晋南北朝量词研究》,北京:中华书局。
王力1989《汉语语法史》,北京:商务印书馆。
吴承洛1993《中国度量衡史》,北京:商务印书馆。
杨伯峻、何乐士1992《古汉语语法及其发展》,北京:语文出版社。
董玉芝1994《〈抱朴子〉复音词构词方式初探》,《古汉语研究》第4期。
冯赫2018《汉语量词“合”与“合(盒)”的历时考察》,《汉语学报》第3期。
傅铭第1965《关于动量词“匝”和“周”》,《中国语文》第1期。
湖南省文物考古研究所2007《里耶发掘报告》,长沙:岳麓书社。
惠红军2018《汉藏语系的数量名结构》,《汉语学报》第1期。
李建平2018《春秋战国时期齐国量制量词的兴替及其动因》,《西南大学学报》第4期。
李建平、张显成2016《汉语量词语法化研究》,《西南大学学报》第5期。
刘乐贤2001《读〈香港中文大学文物馆藏简牍〉》,《江汉考古》第4期。
刘世儒1965《魏晋南北朝量词研究》,北京:中华书局。
王力1989《汉语语法史》,北京:商务印书馆。
吴承洛1993《中国度量衡史》,北京:商务印书馆。
杨伯峻、何乐士1992《古汉语语法及其发展》,北京:语文出版社。