美国制造业计划评估研究及对中国的启示
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摘要
本文介绍了美国制造业计划概况和实施进展,分析了该计划评估机制,并对2016至2017年间美国政府问责办公室、德勤公司分别对该计划实施情况开展的评估和美国国家科学院、工程院、医学院举办的专题研讨会进行了案例研究,阐明了对中国重大国家战略评估的四点启示:一是高度重视评估活动的多样性;二是加快改进专家评估的惯常模式;三是大力支持评估机构加强能力建设;四是积极推动评估资料的信息公开。
This paper briefly introduces the design and progress of Manufacturing USA,studies the evaluation mechanism of the program,and conducts two case studies on the assessment of program design and progress by US Government Accountability Office and Deloitte LLP respectively and a workshop held by the National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine between 2016 and 2017. This paper puts forward four suggestions for the evaluation of China's major strategic planning. One is to pay more attention to the diversity of assessment activities,the second is to accelerate the improvement of the usual patterns of expert assessments,the third is to strongly support evaluation institutions to strengthen capacity-building,and the forth is to actively promote the disclosure of information on assessment materials.
This paper briefly introduces the design and progress of Manufacturing USA,studies the evaluation mechanism of the program,and conducts two case studies on the assessment of program design and progress by US Government Accountability Office and Deloitte LLP respectively and a workshop held by the National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine between 2016 and 2017. This paper puts forward four suggestions for the evaluation of China's major strategic planning. One is to pay more attention to the diversity of assessment activities,the second is to accelerate the improvement of the usual patterns of expert assessments,the third is to strongly support evaluation institutions to strengthen capacity-building,and the forth is to actively promote the disclosure of information on assessment materials.
引文
[1]李志军.关于建立我国重大公共政策评估制度的建议[N].中国经济时报,2017-06-07(005).
[2]张义芳.国家重大科技计划和专项监督评估实践的探讨[J].科技管理研究,2015(8):17-20.
[3]国务院关于印发《中国制造2025》的通知[EB/OL].[2015-05-19](2018-08-08).http://www.miit.gov.cn/n973401/n1234620/n1234622/c4409653/content.html.
[4]赵正国.美国国家制造业创新网络计划评估机制建设及案例研究[J].科学管理研究,2019(1):110-120.
[5]全美制造业创新网络(NNMI)的设计方案及实施进展[EB/OL].[2015-09-09](2018-05-28).http://www.stcsm.gov.cn/jdbd/sswgg/zlhb/342172.htm.
[6]Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014[EB/OL].[2014-11](2018-05-28).https://www.manufacturingusa.com/pages/program-details.
[7]Manufacturing USA Annual Report,Fiscal Year 2017[EB/OL].[2018-09-26](2018-09-26).https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ams/NIST.AMS.600-3.pdf.
[8]Advanced Manufacturing National Program Office.Guidance on Institute Performance Metrics:National Network for Manufacturing Innovation[EB/OL].[2015-08](2018-09-26).https://www.manufacturing.gov/files/2016/03/nnmi_draft_performance.pdf.
[9]Ruegg R,Feller I.A toolkit for evaluating public R&D investment:Models,methods,and findings from ATP’s first decade[R].Gaithersburg,MD:National Institute of Standards and Technology.2003.
[10]Executive Office of the President National Science and Technology Council,Advanced Manufacturing National Program Office.NA-TIONAL NETWORK FOR MANUFACTURING INNOVATIONPROGRAM-STRATEGIC PLAN[EB/OL].[2016-02](2018-06-18).https://www.manufacturingusa.com/sites/prod/files/docs/resource/2015-NNMI-Strategic-Plan.pdf.
[11]Deloitte LLP.Manufacturing USA:A Third-Party Evaluation of Program Design and Progress.[EB/OL].[2017-01](2018-07-18).https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/manufacturing/articles/manufacturing-usa-program-assessment.html.
[12]ADVANCED MANUFACTURING:Commerce Could Strengthen Collaboration with Other Agencies on Innovation Institutes[EB/OL].[2017-04-06](2018-07-18).https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-17-320.
[13]National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine.2017.Securing Advanced Manufacturing in the United States:The Role of Manufacturing USA:Proceedings of a Workshop[EB/OL].[2017-07](2018-07-18).Washington,DC:The National A-cademies Press.https://doi.org/10.17226/24875.
[2]张义芳.国家重大科技计划和专项监督评估实践的探讨[J].科技管理研究,2015(8):17-20.
[3]国务院关于印发《中国制造2025》的通知[EB/OL].[2015-05-19](2018-08-08).http://www.miit.gov.cn/n973401/n1234620/n1234622/c4409653/content.html.
[4]赵正国.美国国家制造业创新网络计划评估机制建设及案例研究[J].科学管理研究,2019(1):110-120.
[5]全美制造业创新网络(NNMI)的设计方案及实施进展[EB/OL].[2015-09-09](2018-05-28).http://www.stcsm.gov.cn/jdbd/sswgg/zlhb/342172.htm.
[6]Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014[EB/OL].[2014-11](2018-05-28).https://www.manufacturingusa.com/pages/program-details.
[7]Manufacturing USA Annual Report,Fiscal Year 2017[EB/OL].[2018-09-26](2018-09-26).https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ams/NIST.AMS.600-3.pdf.
[8]Advanced Manufacturing National Program Office.Guidance on Institute Performance Metrics:National Network for Manufacturing Innovation[EB/OL].[2015-08](2018-09-26).https://www.manufacturing.gov/files/2016/03/nnmi_draft_performance.pdf.
[9]Ruegg R,Feller I.A toolkit for evaluating public R&D investment:Models,methods,and findings from ATP’s first decade[R].Gaithersburg,MD:National Institute of Standards and Technology.2003.
[10]Executive Office of the President National Science and Technology Council,Advanced Manufacturing National Program Office.NA-TIONAL NETWORK FOR MANUFACTURING INNOVATIONPROGRAM-STRATEGIC PLAN[EB/OL].[2016-02](2018-06-18).https://www.manufacturingusa.com/sites/prod/files/docs/resource/2015-NNMI-Strategic-Plan.pdf.
[11]Deloitte LLP.Manufacturing USA:A Third-Party Evaluation of Program Design and Progress.[EB/OL].[2017-01](2018-07-18).https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/manufacturing/articles/manufacturing-usa-program-assessment.html.
[12]ADVANCED MANUFACTURING:Commerce Could Strengthen Collaboration with Other Agencies on Innovation Institutes[EB/OL].[2017-04-06](2018-07-18).https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-17-320.
[13]National Academies of Sciences,Engineering,and Medicine.2017.Securing Advanced Manufacturing in the United States:The Role of Manufacturing USA:Proceedings of a Workshop[EB/OL].[2017-07](2018-07-18).Washington,DC:The National A-cademies Press.https://doi.org/10.17226/24875.