查询式搜索与探索式搜索行为比较研究——以健康信息为例
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摘要
[目的/意义]查询式搜索适用于目标明确的提问应答式信息问题,探索式搜索更注重搜索过程的人机交互性、动态性与多面性,两者表现出不同的行为特征。作为搜索行为研究的基本问题之一,相关研究还比较缺乏。论文旨在探究查询式搜索与探索式搜索行为特征的差异,这对于信息搜索系统的功能优化以及指导用户高效获取信息都具有重要的实践意义。[方法/过程]论文以健康信息搜索为例,采用搜索行为实验的方法,通过对录屏数据的分析,从检索策略、学习行为、深度搜索和搜索绩效4个维度对两种搜索行为进行比较。[结果/结论]查询式搜索与探索式搜索在关键词变换数、访问网页数目等6个指标上存在显著性差异,在检索工具选择、查询串长度、搜索结果集的翻页和相关链接搜索4个指标上不存在显著性差异。
[Purpose/Significance]Lookup is suitable for Q&A search queries,and exploratory search pays more attention to human-computer interaction,dynamics and versatility in the search process.They have different behavioral characteristics.As one of the basic issues in search behavior research,there is still a lack of relevant research.The purpose of this paper was to explore the difference between lookup and exploratory search,which is of great practical significance to the function optimization of information search system and guide users to search efficiently.[Method/Process]Taking health information search as the research object,by using the method of search behavior experiment and video data analyzing,this paper compared the two search behaviors from four dimensions:search strategy,learning behavior,depth search and search performance.[Result/Conclusion]It showed that there were significant differences between lookup and exploratory search in numbers of keyword transformation,numbers of visited webpages,etc.There was no significant difference in the search tool selection,length of query strings,jump options and related link search.
[Purpose/Significance]Lookup is suitable for Q&A search queries,and exploratory search pays more attention to human-computer interaction,dynamics and versatility in the search process.They have different behavioral characteristics.As one of the basic issues in search behavior research,there is still a lack of relevant research.The purpose of this paper was to explore the difference between lookup and exploratory search,which is of great practical significance to the function optimization of information search system and guide users to search efficiently.[Method/Process]Taking health information search as the research object,by using the method of search behavior experiment and video data analyzing,this paper compared the two search behaviors from four dimensions:search strategy,learning behavior,depth search and search performance.[Result/Conclusion]It showed that there were significant differences between lookup and exploratory search in numbers of keyword transformation,numbers of visited webpages,etc.There was no significant difference in the search tool selection,length of query strings,jump options and related link search.
引文
[1]中国互联网络信息中心.第41次中国互联网发展状况统计报告[R/OL].http://www.cnnic.net.cn/hlwfzyj/hlwxzbg/hlwtjbg/201803/P020180305409870339136.pdf,2018-03-05.
[2]Marchionini G.Exploratory Search:From Finding to Understanding[J].Communications of the ACM,2006,49(4):41-46.
[3]National Network/Library of Medicine.Consumer Health Information:A Workshop for Librarians Providing Health Information to the Public[EB/OL].http://nnlm.gov/train/chi/mws.htm,2018-03-28.
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[11]王宇,张云秋.探索式搜索行为的眼动研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):29-35.
[12]李月琳,樊振佳,孙星明.探索式搜索任务属性与信息搜索行为的关系研究[J].情报资料工作,2017,(1):54-61.
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[15]White R,Roth R.Exploratory Search:Beyond the Query-Response Paradigm[J].Synthesis Lectures on Information Concepts Retrieval & Services,2009,1(1).
[16]魏丽,张云秋.探索式搜索行为的日志挖掘研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):21-28.
[17]Athukorala K,Jacucci G,Oulasvirta A,et al.Is Exploratory Search Different?A Comparison of Information Search Behavior for Exploratory and Lookup Tasks[J].Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology,2016,67(11):2635-2651.
[18]王宇,张云秋.探索式搜索行为的眼动研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):29-35.
[19]张云秋,李玉玲,王洪媛.基于日志与认知分析的探索式医学搜索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):36-42.
[20]谭金波.网络音频信息检索的用户行为研究[J].情报资料工作,2013,(5):77-80.
[21]谭金波.学生信息搜索的内隐与外显策略对网络学习绩效的影响[J].中国电化教育,2014,(9):67-71.
[22]冯佳,张云秋.基于浏览器日志分析的探索式搜索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):13-20.
[23]张敏,聂瑞,罗梅芬.基于需求类型与性别差异的网络健康信息检索行为特点分析[J].情报资料工作,2017,(2):63-69.
[24]张敏,聂瑞,罗梅芬.健康素养对用户健康信息在线搜索行为的影响分析[J].图书情报工作,2016,(7):103-109.
[25]张悦,张云秋.基于认知风格的网络健康信息搜索行为研究[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(7):103-107.
[26]王若佳,李培.基于日志挖掘的用户健康信息检索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2015,(11):111-118.
[27]Gredler M E.Learning and Instruction:Theory Into Practice[M].Macmillan,1992.
[2]Marchionini G.Exploratory Search:From Finding to Understanding[J].Communications of the ACM,2006,49(4):41-46.
[3]National Network/Library of Medicine.Consumer Health Information:A Workshop for Librarians Providing Health Information to the Public[EB/OL].http://nnlm.gov/train/chi/mws.htm,2018-03-28.
[4]科普中国.中国网民科普需求搜索行为报告(2017年第2季度)[R/OL].http://www.crsp.org.cn/uploads/soft/171204/5-1G204101928.pdf,2018-05-12.
[5]聂丽丽,王沅.基于移动互联网的健康信息搜索行为研究[J].现代医院管理,2017,15(1):64-67.
[6]Smith D.Health Care Consumer's Use and Trust of Health Information Sources[J].Journal of Communication in Healthcare,2015,4(3):200-210.
[7]Rooks R N,Wiltshire J C,Elder K,et al.Health Information Seeking and Use Outside of the Medical Encounter:Is it Associated with Race and Ethnicity?[J].Social Science & Medicine,2012,74(2):176-84.
[8]Powell J,Inglis N,Ronnie J,et al.The Characteristics and Motivations of Online Health Information Seekers:Cross-Sectional Survey and Qualitative Interview Study[J].Journal of Medical Internet Research,2011,13(1):e20.
[9]Kang R,Fu W T.Exploratory Information Search By Domain Experts and Novices[C]//International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces.ACM,2010:329-332.
[10]张云秋,安文秀,冯佳.探索式信息搜索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2012,56(14):67-72.
[11]王宇,张云秋.探索式搜索行为的眼动研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):29-35.
[12]李月琳,樊振佳,孙星明.探索式搜索任务属性与信息搜索行为的关系研究[J].情报资料工作,2017,(1):54-61.
[13]Chu P,Jozsa E,Komlodi A,et al.An Exploratory Study on Search Behavior in Different Languages[J].2012:318-321.
[14]Pang C I,Verspoor K,Chang S,et al.Conceptualising Health Information Seeking Behaviours and Exploratory Search:Result of a Qualitative Study[J].Health & Technology,2015,5(1):1-11.
[15]White R,Roth R.Exploratory Search:Beyond the Query-Response Paradigm[J].Synthesis Lectures on Information Concepts Retrieval & Services,2009,1(1).
[16]魏丽,张云秋.探索式搜索行为的日志挖掘研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):21-28.
[17]Athukorala K,Jacucci G,Oulasvirta A,et al.Is Exploratory Search Different?A Comparison of Information Search Behavior for Exploratory and Lookup Tasks[J].Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology,2016,67(11):2635-2651.
[18]王宇,张云秋.探索式搜索行为的眼动研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):29-35.
[19]张云秋,李玉玲,王洪媛.基于日志与认知分析的探索式医学搜索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):36-42.
[20]谭金波.网络音频信息检索的用户行为研究[J].情报资料工作,2013,(5):77-80.
[21]谭金波.学生信息搜索的内隐与外显策略对网络学习绩效的影响[J].中国电化教育,2014,(9):67-71.
[22]冯佳,张云秋.基于浏览器日志分析的探索式搜索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2014,58(11):13-20.
[23]张敏,聂瑞,罗梅芬.基于需求类型与性别差异的网络健康信息检索行为特点分析[J].情报资料工作,2017,(2):63-69.
[24]张敏,聂瑞,罗梅芬.健康素养对用户健康信息在线搜索行为的影响分析[J].图书情报工作,2016,(7):103-109.
[25]张悦,张云秋.基于认知风格的网络健康信息搜索行为研究[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(7):103-107.
[26]王若佳,李培.基于日志挖掘的用户健康信息检索行为研究[J].图书情报工作,2015,(11):111-118.
[27]Gredler M E.Learning and Instruction:Theory Into Practice[M].Macmillan,1992.