语用为纲系列教材编写中的“本体与运用”
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摘要
文章主要从编写原则、纲目安排、口语语料的真实性、编写程序、教学点的挑选与体系等几方面,阐述语用为纲的教学理念在教材编写中的落实问题。文章认为:语用为纲的教材编写始于本体,但不局限于本体,更不终于本体;编写原则的不同决定了本体与运用在教材中的关系和比重;从口语到口语保证了语料的真实性,是编写口语教材时值得尝试的新路;将语用的、隐性的语境和语体知识变成可见、可教的显性知识是编写过程中应该重视的问题。
This paper discusses several key issues related to the implementation of teaching materials preparation(TMP)under the Pragmatic Framework(PF),focusing on the principles and layers of TMP,authenticity of spoken language,processof TMP and the selection of teaching points. I argue that(1)TMP can start with language structure(LS),but cannot be limit?ed to LS and certainly does not end with it;(2)The proportion and the relative importance of LS vs. LU(Language Use)arepre-determined by the guiding principle;(3)The"from oral to oral"approach contributes to authenticity of language and isa worthwhile initiative;and(4)Pragmatic,contextual and Yuti knowledge,which is usually oblivious,should be made visible and teachable.
This paper discusses several key issues related to the implementation of teaching materials preparation(TMP)under the Pragmatic Framework(PF),focusing on the principles and layers of TMP,authenticity of spoken language,processof TMP and the selection of teaching points. I argue that(1)TMP can start with language structure(LS),but cannot be limit?ed to LS and certainly does not end with it;(2)The proportion and the relative importance of LS vs. LU(Language Use)arepre-determined by the guiding principle;(3)The"from oral to oral"approach contributes to authenticity of language and isa worthwhile initiative;and(4)Pragmatic,contextual and Yuti knowledge,which is usually oblivious,should be made visible and teachable.
引文
马欣华1987关于汉语口语教材的编写问题[J].语言教学与研究(4).
黄政澄,赵燕琬,马燕华1996李泉《新编汉语教程》的设计、实施及特点[J].语言教学与研究(2).
姜丽萍2018汉语教材编写的继承、发展与创新[J].华文教学与研究(4).
李泉,杨瑞1999《汉语文化双向教程》的设计与实施[A].载中国对外汉语教学学会第六次学术讨论会论文选[C].北京:华语教学出版社.
李晓琪2016汉语教材编写的两个问题[J].华文教学与研究(3).
王若江2018汉语国际教育修订教材评析--以《跟我学汉语》(第二版)为例[J].华文教学与研究(3).
吴伟平2006汉语教学中的语用点:由点到面的教学实践[J].世界汉语教学(1).
---2008对外汉语教学:语用为纲口语水平测试的实践与讨论[A].载李晓琪(主编),汉语教学学刊[C].北京:北京大学出版社.
---2009社会语言学理论与对外汉语教学实践[J].语言教学与研究(2).
---2012说话得体:来自社会语言学的启示[A].载陈学超,吴伟平(主编),语言学与华语二语教学:社会语言学的研究与实践[C].香港:香港中文大学出版社.
---2013关于语用为纲理念在教师培训中如何落实的探讨[J].华文教学与研究(4).
---2015华语二语教学中的“三裸”现象及“去裸”实践[J].汉语国际传播研究(2).
Ellis,R.2003 Task-based Language Learning and Teaching[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Nida,E.&C.Taber 1982 The Theory and Practice of Translation[M].E.J.Brill,Leiden,The Netherland.
Willis,D.&J.Willis 2007 Doing Task-based Teaching[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Wu,W.2008(2011 reprint)Pragmatic framework and its role in language learning:With special reference to Chinese[A].In W.Chan.et al(eds.),Processes and Process-Orientation in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning[C].Germany:De Gruyter Mouton.
---2018 PRINCH:A case ctudy of learning be?yond the classroom[J].Second Language Learning Research,vol.1.
黄政澄,赵燕琬,马燕华1996李泉《新编汉语教程》的设计、实施及特点[J].语言教学与研究(2).
姜丽萍2018汉语教材编写的继承、发展与创新[J].华文教学与研究(4).
李泉,杨瑞1999《汉语文化双向教程》的设计与实施[A].载中国对外汉语教学学会第六次学术讨论会论文选[C].北京:华语教学出版社.
李晓琪2016汉语教材编写的两个问题[J].华文教学与研究(3).
王若江2018汉语国际教育修订教材评析--以《跟我学汉语》(第二版)为例[J].华文教学与研究(3).
吴伟平2006汉语教学中的语用点:由点到面的教学实践[J].世界汉语教学(1).
---2008对外汉语教学:语用为纲口语水平测试的实践与讨论[A].载李晓琪(主编),汉语教学学刊[C].北京:北京大学出版社.
---2009社会语言学理论与对外汉语教学实践[J].语言教学与研究(2).
---2012说话得体:来自社会语言学的启示[A].载陈学超,吴伟平(主编),语言学与华语二语教学:社会语言学的研究与实践[C].香港:香港中文大学出版社.
---2013关于语用为纲理念在教师培训中如何落实的探讨[J].华文教学与研究(4).
---2015华语二语教学中的“三裸”现象及“去裸”实践[J].汉语国际传播研究(2).
Ellis,R.2003 Task-based Language Learning and Teaching[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Nida,E.&C.Taber 1982 The Theory and Practice of Translation[M].E.J.Brill,Leiden,The Netherland.
Willis,D.&J.Willis 2007 Doing Task-based Teaching[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Wu,W.2008(2011 reprint)Pragmatic framework and its role in language learning:With special reference to Chinese[A].In W.Chan.et al(eds.),Processes and Process-Orientation in Foreign Language Teaching and Learning[C].Germany:De Gruyter Mouton.
---2018 PRINCH:A case ctudy of learning be?yond the classroom[J].Second Language Learning Research,vol.1.