语言学翻译理论视角下的体育英语翻译研究
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摘要
借助于霍尔姆斯的译学构架对体育文本进行定义,参照赖斯和纽马克的文本类型理论以及国内翻译学者对文本类型的研究界定体育文本的类型和功能,并通过文献资料法和案例分析,探讨如何用语言学翻译理论来指导体育英语翻译实践。研究结论:(1)体育文本可分为体育新闻、体育教学、体育营销、体育表演、体育情报和体育文学六大类,其主要功能包括信息、教学/科研、感染/呼唤、指示、审美等;(2)从句法学派卡特福德对翻译对等的强调,到语义学派奈达对翻译中意义转换与交际实现的重视,再到语用学派格特对翻译过程中最佳关联选择和语境复制的聚焦,无一不对体育翻译有着良好的指导作用,三个阶段的语言学翻译理论是合作互补的关系;(3)语言学翻译理论对体育英语翻译的指导作用在于界定体育文本、文本分类及其功能,并在此基础上拟定准确的翻译策略与方法,从而灵活地对词句选择、话语结构、逻辑修辞等做出适当的处理。
With the delimitation of sports texts under the guidance of Holmes' translatology framework,and the clarification of types and functions of sports texts based on studies of text typology by Reiss,Newmark and scholars at home,the paper explores how to use linguistic theories of translation to conduct sports English translation. The findings are: 1. Sports texts mainly cover the fields of sports news,sports education,sports marketing,sports performance,sports intelligence and sports literature; 2. Catford's( Syntactic School) emphasis on translation equivalence,Nida's( Semantic School) stress on meaning transfer and communication in translation and Gutt's( Pragmatic School) focus on sound relevance selection and context replication during the process of translation all provide effective guidance to sports translation. The three schools are mutually complementary; 3. Linguistic theories of translation are helpful in defining sports texts and their types as well as functions so that adaptive strategies and methods can be developed in lexical,syntactic,discourse and rhetoric levels for sound translation.
With the delimitation of sports texts under the guidance of Holmes' translatology framework,and the clarification of types and functions of sports texts based on studies of text typology by Reiss,Newmark and scholars at home,the paper explores how to use linguistic theories of translation to conduct sports English translation. The findings are: 1. Sports texts mainly cover the fields of sports news,sports education,sports marketing,sports performance,sports intelligence and sports literature; 2. Catford's( Syntactic School) emphasis on translation equivalence,Nida's( Semantic School) stress on meaning transfer and communication in translation and Gutt's( Pragmatic School) focus on sound relevance selection and context replication during the process of translation all provide effective guidance to sports translation. The three schools are mutually complementary; 3. Linguistic theories of translation are helpful in defining sports texts and their types as well as functions so that adaptive strategies and methods can be developed in lexical,syntactic,discourse and rhetoric levels for sound translation.
引文
[1] Holmes,J. S. The Name and Nature of Translation Studies[R].3rd International Congress of Applied Linguistics,1972:9.
[2] Munday,J. Introducing Translation Studies:Theories and Applica-tions[M]. London&New York:Routledge,2001:199.
[3] Reiss,C. Translation Criticism:Potentials and Limitations[M].Trans. Erroll F. Rhodes. Manchester:St. Jerome,2000:30-48.
[4] Newmark,P. Approaches to Translation[M]. Shanghai:Shang-hai Foreign Language Education Press,1998:47.
[5]王佐良.翻译:思考与试笔[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1987:63.
[6]刘宓庆.文体与翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1998.
[7]方梦之.文类细化之于翻译培训、翻译策略(之二)[J].上海翻译,2017(3):3-7.
[8]林克难.试论现代翻译理论发展的三个阶段[J].天津外国语学院学报,1994(1):10-11.
[9] Catford,J. C. A linguistic Theory of Translation[M]. Oxford:Ox-ford University Press,1965:24.
[10] Gutt,E. A. Translation and Relevance:Cognition and Context[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2004:16-24.
[11] Nida,E. A. Language Culture and Translating[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press:1997:24; 48.
(1)罗永洲将体育文本分为体育新闻、体育教学、体育营销和体育表演四类,文本功能涵盖信息、表情、教学、指示、移情/呼唤和审美等,见《中国翻译》2012年第4期“体育文本的类型与翻译探析”,第104页。
[2] Munday,J. Introducing Translation Studies:Theories and Applica-tions[M]. London&New York:Routledge,2001:199.
[3] Reiss,C. Translation Criticism:Potentials and Limitations[M].Trans. Erroll F. Rhodes. Manchester:St. Jerome,2000:30-48.
[4] Newmark,P. Approaches to Translation[M]. Shanghai:Shang-hai Foreign Language Education Press,1998:47.
[5]王佐良.翻译:思考与试笔[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1987:63.
[6]刘宓庆.文体与翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1998.
[7]方梦之.文类细化之于翻译培训、翻译策略(之二)[J].上海翻译,2017(3):3-7.
[8]林克难.试论现代翻译理论发展的三个阶段[J].天津外国语学院学报,1994(1):10-11.
[9] Catford,J. C. A linguistic Theory of Translation[M]. Oxford:Ox-ford University Press,1965:24.
[10] Gutt,E. A. Translation and Relevance:Cognition and Context[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2004:16-24.
[11] Nida,E. A. Language Culture and Translating[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press:1997:24; 48.
(1)罗永洲将体育文本分为体育新闻、体育教学、体育营销和体育表演四类,文本功能涵盖信息、表情、教学、指示、移情/呼唤和审美等,见《中国翻译》2012年第4期“体育文本的类型与翻译探析”,第104页。