全混式厌氧发酵反应器优化研究进展
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摘要
当前,国内外沼气工程中厌氧发酵普遍采用全混式厌氧发酵反应器(CSTR),并且反应器内部通过安装搅拌装置,提高混合效果,促进产气。但是目前关于反应器内部结构、搅拌方式等对混合效果的影响仍未有系统研究,并且关于搅拌装置等反应器结构优化方法仍未建立。文章重点针对国内外对于CSTR结构与搅拌装置等对混合效果、传质传热过程与流场模拟等进行系统梳理,并对结构优化方法等进行归纳,CFD方法对于混合效果的模拟直观准确,以期为其结构优化研究提供借鉴。
At present,the completely mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor( CSTR) is widely adopted in biogas engineering at home and abroad. The mixing device is installed in the reactor to improve the mixing effect and promote gas production. However,there is still no systematic study on the influence of the internal structure and stirring mode of the reactor on the mixing effect. And the reactor structure optimization methods for agitator and etc have not been established. This paper focused on systematical analysis of the mixing effect,mass and heat transfer process and flow field simulation of CSTR structures and stirring devices at home and abroad,and summarized the structural optimization methods. The CFD method could simulate the mixed effect intuitively and accurately,so as to provide a reference for its structural optimization research.
At present,the completely mixed anaerobic fermentation reactor( CSTR) is widely adopted in biogas engineering at home and abroad. The mixing device is installed in the reactor to improve the mixing effect and promote gas production. However,there is still no systematic study on the influence of the internal structure and stirring mode of the reactor on the mixing effect. And the reactor structure optimization methods for agitator and etc have not been established. This paper focused on systematical analysis of the mixing effect,mass and heat transfer process and flow field simulation of CSTR structures and stirring devices at home and abroad,and summarized the structural optimization methods. The CFD method could simulate the mixed effect intuitively and accurately,so as to provide a reference for its structural optimization research.
引文
[1]龚朝霞,刘建.规模化大型沼气工程用地性质探讨[J].农业开发与装备,2018(03):126-144.
[2]Weiland P.Trockenfermentation in der LandwirtschaftWelche Substrate und Techniken finden Anwendung.[J]Anaerobe biologische Abfallbehandlung Dresden,2008:235-245.
[3]张哲,张丽,周益辉,等.大型畜禽粪污厌氧发酵+沼气发电工艺设计[J].中国环保产业,2018(03):65-68.
[4]单莉莉.CSTR-EGSB-SBR与电化学氧化联合处理纤维素乙醇废水的效能与机制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017.
[5]Alastair J Ward,Phil J Hobbs,Peter J Holliman a,David L Jones.Review of the Optimisation of theanaerobic digestion of agriculturalresources[J].bioresource technology,2008,99(11):7928-7940.
[7]Cervantes J M,Soto Porrua A J.Heat exchanger for fermentation tank[P].US:10/494,133,2002-10-03.
[8]程力维.好氧颗粒反应器内泥—水—气三相流的CFD研究[D].西安:长安大学,2012.
[9]张波,李文哲,王伟东,等.不同高径比反应器对厌氧发酵产气特性的影响[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2009,21(02):42-44,60.
[10]孙竹,伍钧,蒲小东,等.高径比对猪场废水脱氮与沼气脱硫耦联反应器的影响[J].环境科学,2010,31(09):2214-2219.
[11]王淑霞,阮应君,周伟国,等.基于沼液余热回收的沼气工程系统净产能特性[J].农业工程学报,2018(10):200-209.
[12]Meironke H.Thermo fluidynamics of the multiphase flow inside Cylindroconical fermenterswi-th different scales[C].MATEC Web of Conferences EDP Sciences,2014,18:0200.
[13]刘瑞赛,安家彦,董文勇,等.基于计算流体力学对啤酒发酵罐的模拟[J].中国酿造,2016,35(04):136-139.
[14]芦汉超.机械搅拌厌氧消化池流态研究[D].北京:清华大学,2015.
[15]C O Ekundayo,S D Probert,M Newborough.Heat transfers from a horizontal cylinder in a rectangular enclosure[J].Applied Energy,1998,61(2):57-78.
[16]张新强,寇巍,闫昌国,等.厌氧干发酵反应器中物料流动的数值模拟[J].中国沼气,2017,35(01):17-22.
[17]王云飞.低压涡轮叶栅非定常流场演化特性的大涡模拟研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[18]鲁航.邻甲氧基环己醇脱氢制愈创木酚的反应工艺开发和搅拌釜流场模拟[D].上海:华东理工大学,2017.
[19]Tanveer Saeed,Abdullah Al Muyeed,Rumana Afrin,Habibur Rahman.Pollutantremoval frommunicipal wastewater employing baffled subsurface flow and integrated surface flow-floatingtreatment wetlands[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(04):726-736.
[20]丁杨.双层搅拌体系中固液两相流的数值模拟研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2015.
[21]王袁隆,施光明,李泉,等.650 L搅拌式细胞反应器流场的数值模拟[J].四川化工,2014,17(03):41-45.
[22]周坤.偏心搅拌槽内固液两相流动特性的研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.
[23]诸士春,谢红笑,刘雪东.底部对数螺线挡板搅拌釜LDV实验和数值模拟[J].石油和化工设备,2017,20(02):10-14.
[24]杨浩.高浓度物料沼气发酵过程传质特性研究及搅拌形式优化[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2011.
[25]许琪,等.市政污泥化学调理装置CFD模拟[J].化工学报,2015,66(10):4145-4154.
[26]左旭.我国农业废弃物新型能源化开发利用研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[27]李永纲,黄雄斌.立式圆槽内多轴搅拌器固—液悬浮性能[J].过程工程学报,2012,12(02):181-186.
[28]A Niedzielska.Heat transfer and power consumption for ribbon impellers mixing efficiency[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2005,60:2439-2448.
[29]李永纲,黄雄斌.立式圆槽内多轴搅拌器固-液悬浮性能[J].过程工程学报,2012,12(2):181-186.
[30]都荣礼,黄雄斌,王昕,等.侧伸式气液搅拌槽内的搅拌功率与传质性能[J].过程工程学报,2008(04):709
[31]梁敬福,黄振峰,李欣欣.大型沼气厌氧池侧进式搅拌流场的数值模拟分析[J].化学反应工程与工艺,2017,33(01):82-89.
[32]郑晓东,黄雄斌,都荣礼.侧伸式搅拌槽固液悬浮性能[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(03):417-423.
[33]刘刈.高浓度物料沼气发酵过程混合搅拌及其影响因素的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[34]周文娟.蔬菜秸秆的厌氧发酵特性及沼液的综合利用[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[35]傅国志.搅拌和沼液回流对麦秸序批式厌氧消化性能影响的试验研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2010.
[36]王欣,王玉鹏,刘伟,等.不同搅拌方式对浮渣层影响高温厌氧发酵产气率的研究[J].黑龙江科学,2014,5(09):6-8,11.
[37]Karim K,Hoffmann R,Klasson K T,et al.Anaerobic digestion of animal waste:effect of mode of mixing[J].Water Resour,2005,39(15):3397-3606.
[38]刘健峰,张无敌,尹芳,等.多级气液联合搅拌新型CSTR反应器的研制及其效益分析[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(01):153-156.
[39]Michelan R,Zimmer T R,Rodrigues J A D,et al.Effect of impeller type and mechanicalagitation on the mass transfer and power consumption aspects of ASBR operation treating synthetic wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(3):1357-1364.
[40]雷照.搅拌釜传热过程的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
[41]周丽娜,苗一.综述机械搅拌器的形式及应用[J].今日科苑,2010(04):58.
[42]I braim Fantin Cruz,Olavo Pedrollo,Cláudia,Peter Zeilhofer.Key factors in vertical mixing processes in a reservoir bordering the Pantanal floodplain,Brazil[J].Hydrological Sciences Journal,2015,60(9):1508-1519.
[43]刘悦.米黑霉脂肪酶在毕赤酵母中的表达及分子改造[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[44]秦福磊,金志江,刘宝庆.过程工业双轴组合式搅拌器的开发及研究进展[J].化工进展,2010,29(07):1181-1185.
[45]钟天铖,汤文成,刘碧茜.推进式搅拌器固液混合的计算流体力学模拟[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,46(04):713-719.
[46]S M C P Pedrosa,J R Nunhez.The behavior of stirred vessels with anchor type impellers[J].Computers and Chemical Engineering,2000,24(2):1745-1751.
[47]刘凯特.铬黄搅拌反应釜的计算流体力学模拟研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2015.
[48]高娜.多层桨气—液搅拌槽内气泡尺寸及局部气含率研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2010.
[49]武凯.基于图像处理测定气液两相流搅拌混匀时间的方法[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017.
[50]赵占立.基于示踪法再生混合料中新旧沥青微观混合状态的研究[D].上海:华南理工大学,2016.
[51]孔丽娜.Rushton搅拌釜内气—液两相流分散状态γ-CT测量及CFD模拟[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2012.
[52]周振.基于CFD的多段内循环厌氧反应器气液流场研究及结构设计[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.
[53]罗涛.回流搅拌型混合物料厌氧消化器的设计与发酵工艺研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[54]周振.基于CFD的多段内循环厌氧反应器气液流场研究及结构设计[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.
[55]樊梨明,李庆生,卢建新.发酵罐内流场的数值模拟及桨叶优化[J].轻工机械,2016,34(03):30-33,38.
[2]Weiland P.Trockenfermentation in der LandwirtschaftWelche Substrate und Techniken finden Anwendung.[J]Anaerobe biologische Abfallbehandlung Dresden,2008:235-245.
[3]张哲,张丽,周益辉,等.大型畜禽粪污厌氧发酵+沼气发电工艺设计[J].中国环保产业,2018(03):65-68.
[4]单莉莉.CSTR-EGSB-SBR与电化学氧化联合处理纤维素乙醇废水的效能与机制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017.
[5]Alastair J Ward,Phil J Hobbs,Peter J Holliman a,David L Jones.Review of the Optimisation of theanaerobic digestion of agriculturalresources[J].bioresource technology,2008,99(11):7928-7940.
[7]Cervantes J M,Soto Porrua A J.Heat exchanger for fermentation tank[P].US:10/494,133,2002-10-03.
[8]程力维.好氧颗粒反应器内泥—水—气三相流的CFD研究[D].西安:长安大学,2012.
[9]张波,李文哲,王伟东,等.不同高径比反应器对厌氧发酵产气特性的影响[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2009,21(02):42-44,60.
[10]孙竹,伍钧,蒲小东,等.高径比对猪场废水脱氮与沼气脱硫耦联反应器的影响[J].环境科学,2010,31(09):2214-2219.
[11]王淑霞,阮应君,周伟国,等.基于沼液余热回收的沼气工程系统净产能特性[J].农业工程学报,2018(10):200-209.
[12]Meironke H.Thermo fluidynamics of the multiphase flow inside Cylindroconical fermenterswi-th different scales[C].MATEC Web of Conferences EDP Sciences,2014,18:0200.
[13]刘瑞赛,安家彦,董文勇,等.基于计算流体力学对啤酒发酵罐的模拟[J].中国酿造,2016,35(04):136-139.
[14]芦汉超.机械搅拌厌氧消化池流态研究[D].北京:清华大学,2015.
[15]C O Ekundayo,S D Probert,M Newborough.Heat transfers from a horizontal cylinder in a rectangular enclosure[J].Applied Energy,1998,61(2):57-78.
[16]张新强,寇巍,闫昌国,等.厌氧干发酵反应器中物料流动的数值模拟[J].中国沼气,2017,35(01):17-22.
[17]王云飞.低压涡轮叶栅非定常流场演化特性的大涡模拟研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[18]鲁航.邻甲氧基环己醇脱氢制愈创木酚的反应工艺开发和搅拌釜流场模拟[D].上海:华东理工大学,2017.
[19]Tanveer Saeed,Abdullah Al Muyeed,Rumana Afrin,Habibur Rahman.Pollutantremoval frommunicipal wastewater employing baffled subsurface flow and integrated surface flow-floatingtreatment wetlands[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(04):726-736.
[20]丁杨.双层搅拌体系中固液两相流的数值模拟研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2015.
[21]王袁隆,施光明,李泉,等.650 L搅拌式细胞反应器流场的数值模拟[J].四川化工,2014,17(03):41-45.
[22]周坤.偏心搅拌槽内固液两相流动特性的研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2015.
[23]诸士春,谢红笑,刘雪东.底部对数螺线挡板搅拌釜LDV实验和数值模拟[J].石油和化工设备,2017,20(02):10-14.
[24]杨浩.高浓度物料沼气发酵过程传质特性研究及搅拌形式优化[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2011.
[25]许琪,等.市政污泥化学调理装置CFD模拟[J].化工学报,2015,66(10):4145-4154.
[26]左旭.我国农业废弃物新型能源化开发利用研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2015.
[27]李永纲,黄雄斌.立式圆槽内多轴搅拌器固—液悬浮性能[J].过程工程学报,2012,12(02):181-186.
[28]A Niedzielska.Heat transfer and power consumption for ribbon impellers mixing efficiency[J].Chemical Engineering Science,2005,60:2439-2448.
[29]李永纲,黄雄斌.立式圆槽内多轴搅拌器固-液悬浮性能[J].过程工程学报,2012,12(2):181-186.
[30]都荣礼,黄雄斌,王昕,等.侧伸式气液搅拌槽内的搅拌功率与传质性能[J].过程工程学报,2008(04):709
[31]梁敬福,黄振峰,李欣欣.大型沼气厌氧池侧进式搅拌流场的数值模拟分析[J].化学反应工程与工艺,2017,33(01):82-89.
[32]郑晓东,黄雄斌,都荣礼.侧伸式搅拌槽固液悬浮性能[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(03):417-423.
[33]刘刈.高浓度物料沼气发酵过程混合搅拌及其影响因素的研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009.
[34]周文娟.蔬菜秸秆的厌氧发酵特性及沼液的综合利用[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[35]傅国志.搅拌和沼液回流对麦秸序批式厌氧消化性能影响的试验研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2010.
[36]王欣,王玉鹏,刘伟,等.不同搅拌方式对浮渣层影响高温厌氧发酵产气率的研究[J].黑龙江科学,2014,5(09):6-8,11.
[37]Karim K,Hoffmann R,Klasson K T,et al.Anaerobic digestion of animal waste:effect of mode of mixing[J].Water Resour,2005,39(15):3397-3606.
[38]刘健峰,张无敌,尹芳,等.多级气液联合搅拌新型CSTR反应器的研制及其效益分析[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(01):153-156.
[39]Michelan R,Zimmer T R,Rodrigues J A D,et al.Effect of impeller type and mechanicalagitation on the mass transfer and power consumption aspects of ASBR operation treating synthetic wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2009,90(3):1357-1364.
[40]雷照.搅拌釜传热过程的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
[41]周丽娜,苗一.综述机械搅拌器的形式及应用[J].今日科苑,2010(04):58.
[42]I braim Fantin Cruz,Olavo Pedrollo,Cláudia,Peter Zeilhofer.Key factors in vertical mixing processes in a reservoir bordering the Pantanal floodplain,Brazil[J].Hydrological Sciences Journal,2015,60(9):1508-1519.
[43]刘悦.米黑霉脂肪酶在毕赤酵母中的表达及分子改造[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[44]秦福磊,金志江,刘宝庆.过程工业双轴组合式搅拌器的开发及研究进展[J].化工进展,2010,29(07):1181-1185.
[45]钟天铖,汤文成,刘碧茜.推进式搅拌器固液混合的计算流体力学模拟[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,46(04):713-719.
[46]S M C P Pedrosa,J R Nunhez.The behavior of stirred vessels with anchor type impellers[J].Computers and Chemical Engineering,2000,24(2):1745-1751.
[47]刘凯特.铬黄搅拌反应釜的计算流体力学模拟研究[D].上海:华东理工大学,2015.
[48]高娜.多层桨气—液搅拌槽内气泡尺寸及局部气含率研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2010.
[49]武凯.基于图像处理测定气液两相流搅拌混匀时间的方法[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2017.
[50]赵占立.基于示踪法再生混合料中新旧沥青微观混合状态的研究[D].上海:华南理工大学,2016.
[51]孔丽娜.Rushton搅拌釜内气—液两相流分散状态γ-CT测量及CFD模拟[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2012.
[52]周振.基于CFD的多段内循环厌氧反应器气液流场研究及结构设计[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.
[53]罗涛.回流搅拌型混合物料厌氧消化器的设计与发酵工艺研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[54]周振.基于CFD的多段内循环厌氧反应器气液流场研究及结构设计[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.
[55]樊梨明,李庆生,卢建新.发酵罐内流场的数值模拟及桨叶优化[J].轻工机械,2016,34(03):30-33,38.