华东地区沙门菌流行病学及耐药性分析
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摘要
沙门菌病是一种严重危害人类健康和养殖业发展的人畜共患病,为了解华东地区沙门菌的分子流行情况,本研究采用选择性培养基和PCR分离鉴定沙门菌,然后利用PCR检测沙门菌临床分离株的血清型及毒力因子,并用药敏纸片法检测其耐药性。结果显示,本研究分离鉴定出48株沙门菌,分离率为16.84%。血清学结果显示所检测的48株沙门菌中鼠伤寒沙门菌占64.58%,肠炎沙门菌占6.25%,其他血清型占29.17%。毒力基因检测发现除sopE基因分布率为25%外,其他15个毒力基因分布率可达97%以上。药敏试验结果显示沙门菌分离株对常见抗生素具有不同的抗性和敏感性,并且耐药性十分严重,对红霉素、阿奇霉素、克林霉素、新霉素、大观霉素、四环素、利福平、复方新诺明等抗生素的耐药率均超过50%以上。检测结果说明,华东地区沙门菌主要血清型为鼠伤寒沙门菌,且毒力基因分布广泛,多重耐药性菌株十分流行。
Salmonella is an important human and animal pathogen that seriously affects human health and animal industry. Moreover,it is a leading etiological agent associated with food-borne illness outbreaks worldwide, resulting in heavy economic losses globally. To investigate the prevalence of Salmonella species in the Eastern China, bacteria were isolated and identi?ed by PCR and their serotypes and virulence genes were also tested by PCR. The antibiotics susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates were performed in accordance to the routine methods. The results showed that 48 isolates were identi?ed as Salmonella from 285 samples, which accounted for 16.84%.Serological testing revealed that 64.58% isolates belonged to S. typhimurium and 6.26% isolates to S. enteritidis. The results also showed that the virulence genes were prevalent in over 97% isolates while the sopE gene was present in 25% isolates. These Salmonella isolates were multiple resistances to most antibiotics. More than 50% Salmonella isolates were resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin,clindamycin, neomycin, spectinomycin, tetracyclines, rifampin and compound sulfamethoxazole. This study revealed that S. typhimurium was the predominant serotype present on farms and these isolates possessed many virulence genes and showed resistance to a number of drugs. Thus, these results suggested the necessity to inspect and survey the Salmonella contamination on farms and in abattoirs to reduce the incidence of foodborne infections in humans.
Salmonella is an important human and animal pathogen that seriously affects human health and animal industry. Moreover,it is a leading etiological agent associated with food-borne illness outbreaks worldwide, resulting in heavy economic losses globally. To investigate the prevalence of Salmonella species in the Eastern China, bacteria were isolated and identi?ed by PCR and their serotypes and virulence genes were also tested by PCR. The antibiotics susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates were performed in accordance to the routine methods. The results showed that 48 isolates were identi?ed as Salmonella from 285 samples, which accounted for 16.84%.Serological testing revealed that 64.58% isolates belonged to S. typhimurium and 6.26% isolates to S. enteritidis. The results also showed that the virulence genes were prevalent in over 97% isolates while the sopE gene was present in 25% isolates. These Salmonella isolates were multiple resistances to most antibiotics. More than 50% Salmonella isolates were resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin,clindamycin, neomycin, spectinomycin, tetracyclines, rifampin and compound sulfamethoxazole. This study revealed that S. typhimurium was the predominant serotype present on farms and these isolates possessed many virulence genes and showed resistance to a number of drugs. Thus, these results suggested the necessity to inspect and survey the Salmonella contamination on farms and in abattoirs to reduce the incidence of foodborne infections in humans.
引文
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[21]蹇慧,刘芳,覃永长.广西猪源沙门菌的分离·鉴定和耐药性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(3):1123-1125.
[2]Gast R K,Guraya R,Jones D R,et al.Contamination of eggs by Salmonella Enteritidis in experimentally infected laying hens housed in conventional or enriched cages[J].Poult Sci,2014,93(3):728-733.
[3]Kozyreva V K,Crandall J,Sabol A,et al.Laboratory investigation of Salmonella enterica serovar poona outbreak in California:comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)and whole genome sequencing(WGS)results[J].PLoS Curr,2016,8.pii:ecurrents.outbreaks.
[4]Williamson D A,Lane C R,Easton M,et al.Increasing antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella in Australia from 1979 to 2015[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2018,62(2).pii:e02012-17.
[5]Hindermann D,Gopinath G,Chase H,et al.Salmonella enterica serovar infantis from food and human infections,Switzerland,2010-2015:poultry-related multidrug resistant clones and an emerging ESBL producing clonal lineage[J].Front Microbiol,2017,8:1322.
[6]Snary E L,Swart A N,Simons R R,et al.A quantitative microbiological risk assessment for Salmonella in pigs for the European Union[J].Risk Anal,2016,36(3):437-449.
[7]Elnekave E,Hong S,Mather AE,et al.Salmonella enterica serotype 4,[5],12:i:-in swine in the United States Midwest:an emerging multidrug resistant clade[J].Clin Infect Dis,2018,66(6):877-885.
[8]梁华.大肠杆菌和禽沙门菌多重PCR方法及多重荧光PCR方法的建立及初步应用[D].成都:西南民族大学,2017.
[9]方艳红,孙裴,魏建忠,等.沙门菌毒力基因研究进展[J].动物医学进展,2010,31(增刊):190-193.
[10]顾兵,秦婷婷.沙门菌感染流行病学及对喹诺酮耐药研究进展[J].传染病信息,2017,30(5):282-285.
[11]彭海滨,吴德峰,孔繁德,等.我国沙门菌污染分布概况[J].中国国境卫生检疫杂志,2006(2):125-128.
[12]张燕,朱超.我国沙门氏菌病和菌型分布概况[J].现代预防医学,2002,29(3):400-401.
[13]查华.华东地区鸡白痢沙门氏菌的分离鉴定、分子流行病学及致病性研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013.
[14]薛颖,郭荣显,钱珊珊,等.沙门菌毒力岛的研究进展[J].微生物与感染,2015,10(6):381-389.
[15]Szych J,Cieíslik A,Paciorek J,et al.Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica strains isolated in Poland from 1998 to 1999[J].Int J Antimicrob Agents.2001,18(1):37-42.
[16]Chiu C H,Wu T L,Su L H,et al.The emergence in Taiwan of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis[J].N Engl J Med,2002,346(6):413-419.
[17]Glynn M K,Bopp C,Dewitt W,et a l.Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium DT104 infections in the United States[J].NEngl J Med,1998,338(19):1333-1338.
[18]Guerra B,Soto S M,Argüelles J M,et al.Multidrug resistance is mediated by large plasmids carrying a class1 integron in the emergent Salmonella enterica serotype[4,5,12:i:-][J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2001,45(4):1305-1308.
[19]李郁,占松鹤,孙裴,等.安徽猪源非伤寒沙门菌耐药及多重耐药性的监测研究[J].中国微生态学杂志,2010,22(4):296-300.
[20]李茂辉.吉林省部分规模化猪场临床健康猪群沙门菌流行病学调查及耐药性分析[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2014.
[21]蹇慧,刘芳,覃永长.广西猪源沙门菌的分离·鉴定和耐药性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(3):1123-1125.