基于最大电功率跟踪的风力发电系统幂指数趋近滑模控制
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摘要
文章考虑机组转轴摩擦损耗和发电机本体的电损耗,从减小发电功率损耗、提高整机风电转换效率出发,设计了一种基于MPPT原理下的最大电功率点跟踪(MEPT)控制策略,该策略在考虑转轴摩擦损耗和发电机绕组损耗基础上,推导出发电机最大电功率跟踪输出控制模型方程。采用转矩跟踪型MPPT控制策略,利用动态滑模控制原理,设计了基于幂指数趋近律的风电系统MEPT滑模功率控制器。控制律引入输入变量的积分,在时间上形成滑模控制的动态连续性,抑制了MEPT功率跟踪的抖振,增强了控制精度、平滑性与鲁棒性。通过静、动态多种风况的Matlab仿真实验,验证了MEPT控制的正确性。
Considering the friction loss of the rotating shaft and the electrical loss of the generator itself, in order to reduce the power loss and improve the efficiency of wind power conversion of the whole generator, a maximum electric power point tracking(MEPT) control strategy based on MPPT principle is designed, which takes into account the friction loss of the rotating shaft and the loss of the generator winding. On the basis of this, the maximum power tracking output control model equation of the generator is derived. A power exponential approach law based MEPT sliding mode power controller for wind power system is designed by using the torque tracking MPPT control strategy and the dynamic sliding mode control principle. By introducing the integral of input variables into the control law, the dynamic continuity of sliding mode control is formed in time, the chattering of power tracking of MEPT is suppressed, and the control accuracy,smoothness and robustness are enhanced. The correctness of MEPT control is verified by MATLAB simulation experiments under static and dynamic wind conditions.
Considering the friction loss of the rotating shaft and the electrical loss of the generator itself, in order to reduce the power loss and improve the efficiency of wind power conversion of the whole generator, a maximum electric power point tracking(MEPT) control strategy based on MPPT principle is designed, which takes into account the friction loss of the rotating shaft and the loss of the generator winding. On the basis of this, the maximum power tracking output control model equation of the generator is derived. A power exponential approach law based MEPT sliding mode power controller for wind power system is designed by using the torque tracking MPPT control strategy and the dynamic sliding mode control principle. By introducing the integral of input variables into the control law, the dynamic continuity of sliding mode control is formed in time, the chattering of power tracking of MEPT is suppressed, and the control accuracy,smoothness and robustness are enhanced. The correctness of MEPT control is verified by MATLAB simulation experiments under static and dynamic wind conditions.
引文
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[2]刘瑞芳,孟延停.表贴式与内置式永磁同步风力发电机的轴电流模型对比分析[J].北京交通大学学报,2017,41(2):106-111.
[3]高峰,周孝信,朱宁辉,等.直驱式风力发电机组机电暂态建模及仿真[J].电网技术,2011,35(11):29-34.
[4]J Chen,J Chen,C Gong.Constant-band with maximum power point tracking strategy for variablespeed wind turbine and its design details[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(11):5050-5058.
[5]李和明,董淑惠,王毅,等.永磁直驱风电机组低电压穿越时的有功和无功协调控制[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(5):73-81.
[6]W Xie,P Zeng,L Lei.Wind tunnel experiments for innovative pitch regulated blade of horizontal axis wind turbine[J].Energy,2015,91:1070-1080.
[7]Han Wanlong,Yan Peigang,Han Wanjin,et al.Design of wind turbines with shroud and lobed ejectors for efficient utilization of low-grade wind energy[J].Energy,2015,89:687-701.
[8]C Huang,F Li,Z Jin.Maximum power point tracking strategy for large-scale wind generation systems considering wind turbine dynamics[J].IEEETransactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(4):2530-2539.
[9]M Elnaggar,H A Abdel Fattah,A L Elshafei.Maximum power tracking in WECS(Wind Energy Conversion Systems)via numerical and stochastic approaches[J].Energy,2014,74:651-661.
[10]王晓兰,李家亮,马呈霞.基于功率预测的变速变桨距风电系统的优化控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(13):88-92.
[11]黄守道,佘峰,黄科元,等.三点比较法在风力发电系统中的应用[J].控制工程,2009,16(6):764-767,779.
[12]钟沁宏,阮毅,赵梅花,等.变步长爬山法在双馈风力发电系统最大风能跟踪控制中的应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(9):67-73.
[13]张越雷,高剑,黄守道,等.SVPWM调制策略下永磁同步发电机损耗分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,43(10):87-93.
[14]郭磊磊,金楠,窦智峰,等.一种改进的永磁同步发电机模型预测共模电压抑制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4810-4818,4906.
[15]刘金琨.滑模变结构控制MATLAB仿真[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2005.
[16]马小亮.变速风力发电的最大风能捕获控制方法[J]电气传动,2011,41(5):3-6.