考虑车流时空分布不均衡的货物列车开行方案优化研究
|
摘要
为适应货主动态需求和运到期限要求,采用动态车流组织方法进行编组方案调整、列车运行方案与车流挂线的综合优化.考虑车流时空分布不均衡性,结合基本运行图架构,运用时空网络描述车流组织动态过程,考虑车流组织过程时空连续性、车站与线路时空能力及运到期限等约束,在静态车流组织优化模型目标基础上考虑车流到后待解与编后待发的延迟费用,构建货物列车开行方案整数规划模型.基于K短路构造初始解,依据列车能力利用率阀值评估方案,从而调整车流改编方案搜索邻域解,设计模拟退火求解算法.实例研究表明,相比静态模型,所建模型的决策变量能更清晰地反映车流对车站线路时空能力的占用状况,优化方案能有效匹配车流时空分布不均衡性,有利于车流接续与流线结合.
To provide differentiate services to heterogeneous shippers, freight transportation service network design problem is introduced to integrate car classification, train make-up and train scheduling by dynamic wagonflow organization methods. Based on basic train diagram and space-time network, an integer programming model is proposed by further considering classification and connection delay costs in the static optimization model objective. Constraints include spatio-temporal continuity between adjacent organization phases for wagon-flow,station and line time-space capacity and delivery deadline. A simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the model, constructing an initial feasible solution by K-shortest path, designing neighborhood search strategy to adjust wagon-flow reorganization according to train capacity utilization threshold. One practical example shows that, compared to the static model, wagon-flow unbalanced spatio-temporal distribution is addressed effectively with more clearly description to wagon-flow time-space capacity occupation by decision variables, which help to coordinate wagon-flow transfer between different trains.
To provide differentiate services to heterogeneous shippers, freight transportation service network design problem is introduced to integrate car classification, train make-up and train scheduling by dynamic wagonflow organization methods. Based on basic train diagram and space-time network, an integer programming model is proposed by further considering classification and connection delay costs in the static optimization model objective. Constraints include spatio-temporal continuity between adjacent organization phases for wagon-flow,station and line time-space capacity and delivery deadline. A simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the model, constructing an initial feasible solution by K-shortest path, designing neighborhood search strategy to adjust wagon-flow reorganization according to train capacity utilization threshold. One practical example shows that, compared to the static model, wagon-flow unbalanced spatio-temporal distribution is addressed effectively with more clearly description to wagon-flow time-space capacity occupation by decision variables, which help to coordinate wagon-flow transfer between different trains.
引文
[1]李海鹰.铁路货物运输组织模式改革及相关技术研究[D].北京:北京交通大学, 2008.[LI H Y. Railway freight transportation organization mode reform and relevant technologies research[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University, 2008.]
[2] LIN B L, WANG Z M. Optimizing the freight train connection service network of a large-scale rail system[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2012, 46(5):649-667.
[3]史峰,李致中,孙焰,等.列车编组计划网络优化方法[J].铁道学报, 1994, 16(2):74-79.[SHI F, LI Z Z,SUN Y, et al. A network optimizing method for the train formation plan[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,1994, 16(2):74-79.]
[4]王志美,林柏梁.考虑运营费用和线性化树形改编策略的货物列车开行方案研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息, 2014, 14(6):126-132.[WANG Z M, LIN B L.Freight train service design problem with operation cost and linearization constraints for carflow's tree-shaped classification strategy[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2014,14(6):126-132.]
[5]严余松,户佐安,李霄寅.基于车流量波动的列车编组计划与车流径路综合优化[J].交通运输系统工程与信息, 2017, 17(4):124-131.[YAN Y S, HU Z A, LI X Y.Comprehensive optimization of train formation plan and wagon-flow path based on fluctuating wagon-flow[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2017, 17(4):124-131.]
[6] XIAO J, JOERN P, LIN B L, et al. Solving the block-totrain assignment problem using the heuristic approach based on the genetic algorithm and tabu search[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2018(108):148-171.
[7] CHEN C S, DOLLEVOET T, ZHAO J. One-block train formation in large-scale railway networks-an exact model and a tree-based decomposition algorithm[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2018(118):1-30.
[8] SHI T, ZHOU X S. A mixed integer programming model for optimizing multi-level operations process in railroad yards[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2015(80):19-39.
[9] HUNTLEY C L, BROWN D E, SAPPINGTON D E,et al. Freight routing and scheduling at CSX transportation[J]. Interfaces, 1995, 25(3):58-71.
[10] ALI E, HAGHANI. Formulation and solution of a combined train routing and makeup, and empty car distribution model[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 1989, 23(6):433-452.
[11] KWON O K, MARTLAND C D, SUSSMAN J M. Routing and scheduling temporal and heterogeneous freight car traffic on railnetworks[J]. Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review, 1998, 34(2):101-115.
[12] JHA K C, AHUJA R K, SAHIN G. New approaches for solving the block-to-train assignment problem[J].Networks, 2008, 51(1):48-62.
[13] ZHU E, CRAINIC T G, GENDREAU M. Scheduled service network design for freight rail transportation[J].Operations Research, 2014, 62(2):383-400.
[14]陈崇双,王慈光,薛锋,等.货物列车编组计划国内外研究综述[J].铁道学报, 2012, 34(2):8-20.[CHEN C S, WANG C G, XUE F, et al. Survey of optimization of train formation plan at home and abroad[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2012, 34(2):8-20.]
[15]彭其渊,王慈光.铁路行车组织[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 2007.[PENG Q Y, WANG C G. Train operation organization[M]. Beijing:China Railway Press, 2007.]
[2] LIN B L, WANG Z M. Optimizing the freight train connection service network of a large-scale rail system[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2012, 46(5):649-667.
[3]史峰,李致中,孙焰,等.列车编组计划网络优化方法[J].铁道学报, 1994, 16(2):74-79.[SHI F, LI Z Z,SUN Y, et al. A network optimizing method for the train formation plan[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,1994, 16(2):74-79.]
[4]王志美,林柏梁.考虑运营费用和线性化树形改编策略的货物列车开行方案研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息, 2014, 14(6):126-132.[WANG Z M, LIN B L.Freight train service design problem with operation cost and linearization constraints for carflow's tree-shaped classification strategy[J]. Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2014,14(6):126-132.]
[5]严余松,户佐安,李霄寅.基于车流量波动的列车编组计划与车流径路综合优化[J].交通运输系统工程与信息, 2017, 17(4):124-131.[YAN Y S, HU Z A, LI X Y.Comprehensive optimization of train formation plan and wagon-flow path based on fluctuating wagon-flow[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology, 2017, 17(4):124-131.]
[6] XIAO J, JOERN P, LIN B L, et al. Solving the block-totrain assignment problem using the heuristic approach based on the genetic algorithm and tabu search[J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2018(108):148-171.
[7] CHEN C S, DOLLEVOET T, ZHAO J. One-block train formation in large-scale railway networks-an exact model and a tree-based decomposition algorithm[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2018(118):1-30.
[8] SHI T, ZHOU X S. A mixed integer programming model for optimizing multi-level operations process in railroad yards[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 2015(80):19-39.
[9] HUNTLEY C L, BROWN D E, SAPPINGTON D E,et al. Freight routing and scheduling at CSX transportation[J]. Interfaces, 1995, 25(3):58-71.
[10] ALI E, HAGHANI. Formulation and solution of a combined train routing and makeup, and empty car distribution model[J]. Transportation Research Part B:Methodological, 1989, 23(6):433-452.
[11] KWON O K, MARTLAND C D, SUSSMAN J M. Routing and scheduling temporal and heterogeneous freight car traffic on railnetworks[J]. Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review, 1998, 34(2):101-115.
[12] JHA K C, AHUJA R K, SAHIN G. New approaches for solving the block-to-train assignment problem[J].Networks, 2008, 51(1):48-62.
[13] ZHU E, CRAINIC T G, GENDREAU M. Scheduled service network design for freight rail transportation[J].Operations Research, 2014, 62(2):383-400.
[14]陈崇双,王慈光,薛锋,等.货物列车编组计划国内外研究综述[J].铁道学报, 2012, 34(2):8-20.[CHEN C S, WANG C G, XUE F, et al. Survey of optimization of train formation plan at home and abroad[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2012, 34(2):8-20.]
[15]彭其渊,王慈光.铁路行车组织[M].北京:中国铁道出版社, 2007.[PENG Q Y, WANG C G. Train operation organization[M]. Beijing:China Railway Press, 2007.]