质–量并行调节下直接空冷高背压供热机组弹性运行与优化
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摘要
直接空冷高背压供热是适应复杂环境条件,降低火力发电煤耗和减少污染排放的有效途径。该文考虑环境因素对机组供热负荷与冷端释热特性的影响,基于工程方程求解器和Ebsilon平台建立了直接空冷高背压供热机组的冷端传热和供热特性模型,根据外界环境和机组安全性等边界条件分析了机组在不同热负荷和电负荷要求下的弹性运行边界,得到了不同电负荷时的供热系统变工况运行特性;以热网质–量并行调节为基础,通过优化后的空冷岛运行方式,得到了典型工况的冷端能耗特性;以汽轮机背压为特征参数,供电煤耗率为衡量指标,从热电联产整体系统节能角度为直接空冷高背供热机组弹性运行能力评价,机组余热高效利用及全工况优化提供参考。
It is an effective way for the direct air-cooled high pressure heating to reduce the coal rate and pollutant emission. Considering the heat supply demand and cold-end performance, EES(engineering equation solver) and Ebsilon platform were introduced to model the heat transfer characteristics of heating system and air-cooled island for illustrating the heating system in winter. The flexible operation boundary was discussed in quality-volume regulation due to heating load and power load. The optimized operation mode of both heating system and air-cooled system were determined, taking great reference for the collaborative operation optimization of such system.
It is an effective way for the direct air-cooled high pressure heating to reduce the coal rate and pollutant emission. Considering the heat supply demand and cold-end performance, EES(engineering equation solver) and Ebsilon platform were introduced to model the heat transfer characteristics of heating system and air-cooled island for illustrating the heating system in winter. The flexible operation boundary was discussed in quality-volume regulation due to heating load and power load. The optimized operation mode of both heating system and air-cooled system were determined, taking great reference for the collaborative operation optimization of such system.
引文
[1]国家能源局.煤炭清洁高效利用行动计划(2015—2020年)[R].2015.National Energy Administration.Clean and efficient coal utilization action plan(2015—2020)[R].2015(in Chinese).
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[4]Schiffer H W.Flexible operation of coal-fired power plants in Germany under the renewable energy background[J].Cornerstone,2014,2(4):26-31.
[5]Cochran J,Lew D,Kumar N.Improve the flexibility of coal-fired power plants:from the baseload power to the peakshaving power[J].Cornerstone,2014,2(4):49-53.
[6]国家电网公司.促进新能源发展白皮书[R].2016.State Grid Corporation.White paper of new energy development promotion[R].2016(in Chinese).
[7]王琪.风电规模化并网条件下供热机组优化控制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京),2013.Wang Qi.Research on optimization control for heating units under the condition of large-scale integration of wind power[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University(Beijing),2013(in Chinese).
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[9]刘鑫屏,田亮,王琪,等.供热机组发电负荷–机前压力–抽汽压力简化非线性动态模型[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(2):115-121.Liu Xinping,Tian Liang,Wang Qi,et al.Simplified nonlinear dynamic model of generating load-throttle pressure-extraction pressure for heating units[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2014,34(2):115-121(in Chinese).
[10]邓拓宇,田亮,刘吉臻,等.利用热网储能提高供热机组调频调峰能力的控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3626-3633.Deng Tuoyu,Tian Liang,Liu Jizhen,et al.A control method of heat supply units for improving frequency control and peak load regulation ability with thermal storage in heat supply net[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3626-3633(in Chinese).
[11]吴龙,袁奇,刘昕.供热机组热电负荷最佳分配方法分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(35):6-12.Wu Long,Yuan Qi,Liu Xin.Research on the scheme of optimal load distribution for cogeneration units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(35):6-12(in Chinese).
[12]刘吉臻.新能源电力系统建模与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.Liu Jizhen.The modeling and control on renewable energy electrical power system[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015(in Chinese).
[13]刘强,段远源.背压式汽轮机组与有机朗肯循环耦合的热电联产系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(23):29-36.Liu Qiang,Duan Yuanyuan.Cogeneration system comprising back-pressure steam turbine generating unit coupled with organic rankine cycle[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(23):29-36(in Chinese).
[14]江浩,黄嘉驷,王浩,等.200MW高背压循环水供热机组热力特性研究[J].热力发电,2015,44(4):17-21.Jiang Hao,Huang Jiasi,Wang Hao,et al.Thermodynamic characteristics of a 200MW unit with high back pressure circulating water heating[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,44(4):17-21(in Chinese).
[15]赵俊锁,贾健龙.供热系统运行质调节和量调节的分析比较[J].区域供热,2013(1):81-84.Zhao Junsuo,Jia Jianlong.Analysis and comparison of quality regulation and volume regulation for heating system[J].District Heating,2013(1):81-84(in Chinese).
[16]Weitzmann P,Kragh J,Roots P,et al.Modelling floor heating systems using a validated two-dimensional ground-coupled numerical model[J].Building and Environment,2005,40(2):153-163.
[17]杨德伟,王振兴.地板采暖传热过程分析[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(3):472-474.Yang Dewei,Wang Zhenxing.The analysis of heat transfer process in floor heating[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2007,28(3):472-474(in Chinese).
[18]李沛峰.基于绿色供热的热电联产低温直供模式研究[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京),2015.Li Peifeng.Research on low temperature district heating of combined heat and power based on green heating[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University(Beijing),2015(in Chinese).
[19]李建兴,涂光备,王毅.量调节公式在计量供热系统中的应用[J].暖通空调,2001,31(6):112-114.Li Jianxing,Tu Guangbei,Wang Yi.Employment of flow adjustment formulas in heat metering systems[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2001,31(6):112-114(in Chinese).
[20]高建强,陈冠兵,薛楠楠.直接空冷机组经济背压计算模型及其应用[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(2):153-158.Gao Jianqiang,Chen Guanbing,Xue Nannan.Calculation model for economic back pressure of direct air-cooling unit and its application[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2014,34(2):153-158(in Chinese).
[21]杨立军,杜小泽,杨勇平.环境风影响下的空冷岛运行特性[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(2):325-328.Yang Lijun,Du Xiaoze,Yang Yongping.Influences of natural wind upon the operation characteristics of air-cooled condenser system[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2009,30(2):325-328(in Chinese).
[22]戈志华,陈玉勇,李沛峰,等.基于当量抽汽压力的大型热电联产供热模式研究[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(7):569-575.Ge Zhihua,Chen Yuyong,Li Peifeng,et al.Study on heating mode of a large heat and power cogeneration unit based on equivalent extraction pressure[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2014,34(7):569-575(in Chinese).
[23]李建刚.间接连接供热系统质–量调节规律研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2008,39(6):606-608.Li Jiangang.Temperature-flow regulation law of indirectly connected heating system[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2008,39(6):606-608(in Chinese).
[24]李沛峰,戈志华,银正一,等.供热系统能耗评价模型及应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(23):19-28.Li Peifeng,Ge Zhihua,Yin Zhengyi,et al.Model for energy consumption of heating system and its application[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(23):19-28(in Chinese).
[25]任洪波,吴琼,任建兴,等.基于需求侧视角的天然气分布式热电联产系统节能效益研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4430-4438.Ren Hongbo,Wu Qiong,Ren Jianxing,et al.Energy performance assessment of combined heat and power system based on demand-side viewpoint[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17);4430-4438(in Chinese).
[26]冯澎湃,王宁玲,杨志平,等.直接空冷高背压供热机组的梯级供热特性与冷端变工况协同优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5546-5554.Feng Pengpai,Wang Ningling,Yang Zhiping,et al.Cascade heating characteristics and off-design collaborative optimization of direct air-cooled high pressure heat supply power units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5546-5554(in Chinese).
[27]杨柏.300MW直接空冷冬季运行的防冻探讨[J].神华科技,2013,11(3):65-69.Yang Bai.Study of antifreeze for 300MW Direct air cooling in winter operation[J].Shenhua Science and Technology,2013,11(3):65-69(in Chinese).
[2]国务院.能源发展战略行动计划(2014—2020年)[R].2014.The State Council.Strategic action plan for energy development(2014—2020)[R].2014(in Chinese).
[3]国家发展改革委,环境保护部,国家能源局.煤电节能减排升级与改造行动计划(2014—2020年)[R].2014.National Development and Reform Commission,Environmental Protection Department,National Energy Administration.Coal power energy saving,emission reduction promotion and improvement action plan(2014—2020)[R].2014(in Chinese).
[4]Schiffer H W.Flexible operation of coal-fired power plants in Germany under the renewable energy background[J].Cornerstone,2014,2(4):26-31.
[5]Cochran J,Lew D,Kumar N.Improve the flexibility of coal-fired power plants:from the baseload power to the peakshaving power[J].Cornerstone,2014,2(4):49-53.
[6]国家电网公司.促进新能源发展白皮书[R].2016.State Grid Corporation.White paper of new energy development promotion[R].2016(in Chinese).
[7]王琪.风电规模化并网条件下供热机组优化控制研究[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京),2013.Wang Qi.Research on optimization control for heating units under the condition of large-scale integration of wind power[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University(Beijing),2013(in Chinese).
[8]刘吉臻,曾德良,田亮,等.新能源电力消纳与燃煤电厂弹性运行控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5385-5394.Liu Jizhen,Zeng Deliang,Tian Liang,et al.Control strategy for operating flexibility of coal-fired power plants in alternate electrical power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5385-5394(in Chinese).
[9]刘鑫屏,田亮,王琪,等.供热机组发电负荷–机前压力–抽汽压力简化非线性动态模型[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(2):115-121.Liu Xinping,Tian Liang,Wang Qi,et al.Simplified nonlinear dynamic model of generating load-throttle pressure-extraction pressure for heating units[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2014,34(2):115-121(in Chinese).
[10]邓拓宇,田亮,刘吉臻,等.利用热网储能提高供热机组调频调峰能力的控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3626-3633.Deng Tuoyu,Tian Liang,Liu Jizhen,et al.A control method of heat supply units for improving frequency control and peak load regulation ability with thermal storage in heat supply net[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3626-3633(in Chinese).
[11]吴龙,袁奇,刘昕.供热机组热电负荷最佳分配方法分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(35):6-12.Wu Long,Yuan Qi,Liu Xin.Research on the scheme of optimal load distribution for cogeneration units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(35):6-12(in Chinese).
[12]刘吉臻.新能源电力系统建模与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.Liu Jizhen.The modeling and control on renewable energy electrical power system[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015(in Chinese).
[13]刘强,段远源.背压式汽轮机组与有机朗肯循环耦合的热电联产系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(23):29-36.Liu Qiang,Duan Yuanyuan.Cogeneration system comprising back-pressure steam turbine generating unit coupled with organic rankine cycle[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(23):29-36(in Chinese).
[14]江浩,黄嘉驷,王浩,等.200MW高背压循环水供热机组热力特性研究[J].热力发电,2015,44(4):17-21.Jiang Hao,Huang Jiasi,Wang Hao,et al.Thermodynamic characteristics of a 200MW unit with high back pressure circulating water heating[J].Thermal Power Generation,2015,44(4):17-21(in Chinese).
[15]赵俊锁,贾健龙.供热系统运行质调节和量调节的分析比较[J].区域供热,2013(1):81-84.Zhao Junsuo,Jia Jianlong.Analysis and comparison of quality regulation and volume regulation for heating system[J].District Heating,2013(1):81-84(in Chinese).
[16]Weitzmann P,Kragh J,Roots P,et al.Modelling floor heating systems using a validated two-dimensional ground-coupled numerical model[J].Building and Environment,2005,40(2):153-163.
[17]杨德伟,王振兴.地板采暖传热过程分析[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(3):472-474.Yang Dewei,Wang Zhenxing.The analysis of heat transfer process in floor heating[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2007,28(3):472-474(in Chinese).
[18]李沛峰.基于绿色供热的热电联产低温直供模式研究[D].北京:华北电力大学(北京),2015.Li Peifeng.Research on low temperature district heating of combined heat and power based on green heating[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University(Beijing),2015(in Chinese).
[19]李建兴,涂光备,王毅.量调节公式在计量供热系统中的应用[J].暖通空调,2001,31(6):112-114.Li Jianxing,Tu Guangbei,Wang Yi.Employment of flow adjustment formulas in heat metering systems[J].Heating Ventilating&Air Conditioning,2001,31(6):112-114(in Chinese).
[20]高建强,陈冠兵,薛楠楠.直接空冷机组经济背压计算模型及其应用[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(2):153-158.Gao Jianqiang,Chen Guanbing,Xue Nannan.Calculation model for economic back pressure of direct air-cooling unit and its application[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2014,34(2):153-158(in Chinese).
[21]杨立军,杜小泽,杨勇平.环境风影响下的空冷岛运行特性[J].工程热物理学报,2009,30(2):325-328.Yang Lijun,Du Xiaoze,Yang Yongping.Influences of natural wind upon the operation characteristics of air-cooled condenser system[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2009,30(2):325-328(in Chinese).
[22]戈志华,陈玉勇,李沛峰,等.基于当量抽汽压力的大型热电联产供热模式研究[J].动力工程学报,2014,34(7):569-575.Ge Zhihua,Chen Yuyong,Li Peifeng,et al.Study on heating mode of a large heat and power cogeneration unit based on equivalent extraction pressure[J].Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering,2014,34(7):569-575(in Chinese).
[23]李建刚.间接连接供热系统质–量调节规律研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2008,39(6):606-608.Li Jiangang.Temperature-flow regulation law of indirectly connected heating system[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2008,39(6):606-608(in Chinese).
[24]李沛峰,戈志华,银正一,等.供热系统能耗评价模型及应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(23):19-28.Li Peifeng,Ge Zhihua,Yin Zhengyi,et al.Model for energy consumption of heating system and its application[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(23):19-28(in Chinese).
[25]任洪波,吴琼,任建兴,等.基于需求侧视角的天然气分布式热电联产系统节能效益研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4430-4438.Ren Hongbo,Wu Qiong,Ren Jianxing,et al.Energy performance assessment of combined heat and power system based on demand-side viewpoint[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17);4430-4438(in Chinese).
[26]冯澎湃,王宁玲,杨志平,等.直接空冷高背压供热机组的梯级供热特性与冷端变工况协同优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(20):5546-5554.Feng Pengpai,Wang Ningling,Yang Zhiping,et al.Cascade heating characteristics and off-design collaborative optimization of direct air-cooled high pressure heat supply power units[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(20):5546-5554(in Chinese).
[27]杨柏.300MW直接空冷冬季运行的防冻探讨[J].神华科技,2013,11(3):65-69.Yang Bai.Study of antifreeze for 300MW Direct air cooling in winter operation[J].Shenhua Science and Technology,2013,11(3):65-69(in Chinese).