结核病合并艾滋病患者自我管理能力现状及影响因素
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摘要
目的探讨结核病合并艾滋病患者自我管理能力现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用人口学资料调查表、自我管理量表、一般自我效能感量表及中文版心理弹性量表,对新疆某三级甲等传染病专科医院152例结核病合并艾滋病患者进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 22.0分析数据,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,对患者自我管理能力与一般自我效能感、心理弹性的相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析,采用多元逐步回归方程进行多因素分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果共发放量表165份,回收有效量表152份,有效回收率为92.12%。152例结核病合并艾滋病患者自我管理能力总分为147.36±12.01,得分率为60.15%;患者自我管理能力总分与自我效能感总分(2.43±0.12)及心理弹性总分(47.36±12.01)均呈正相关(r=0.591、0.687,均P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示,文化程度、专业知识、自我效能及心理弹性是结核病合并艾滋病患者自我管理能力的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论结核病合并艾滋病患者自我管理能力总体较低,医护人员在治疗患者疾病的同时,应根据患者的不同需求进行个体化管理,不断提高患者的自我管理能力。
[Objective]To investigate the present situation of self-management ability of tuberculosis patients with AIDS and analyze its influencing factors.[Methods] By using the demographic information questionnaire,self-management scale,general self-efficacy scale,and Chinese version of psychological elasticity scale,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 152 patients with tuberculosis and AIDS in a grade-A tertiary infectious disease hospital in Xinjiang. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data,and independent sample t-test was used to compare the data between the two groups. Single factor analysis of variance was used in the multi-group comparison. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between patients' self-management ability and general self efficacy,resilience. The multivariate stepwise regression equation was used for multivariate analysis.When the P value is 0.05 or less,the results are statistically significant.[Results]165 questionnaires were distributed and 152 effective questionnaires were recovered,and the effective rate of recovery was 92.12%. The total score of self-management ability of 152 patients was 147.36±12.01,and the score rate was 60.15%. The total score of self-management ability was positively correlated with the total score of self-efficacy(2.43±0.12) and the total score of resilience(47.36±12.01)(r= 0.591,0.687,both P <0.01). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that education level,professional knowledge,self-efficacy and resilience were the main influencing factors of self-management ability of tuberculosis patients with AIDS(P<0.01).[Conclusion] The self-management ability of tuberculosis patients with AIDS is generally low. While treating the disease,the medical staff should carry out individual management according to the different needs of the patients,so as to improve the selfmanagement ability of them.
[Objective]To investigate the present situation of self-management ability of tuberculosis patients with AIDS and analyze its influencing factors.[Methods] By using the demographic information questionnaire,self-management scale,general self-efficacy scale,and Chinese version of psychological elasticity scale,a questionnaire survey was conducted on 152 patients with tuberculosis and AIDS in a grade-A tertiary infectious disease hospital in Xinjiang. SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data,and independent sample t-test was used to compare the data between the two groups. Single factor analysis of variance was used in the multi-group comparison. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between patients' self-management ability and general self efficacy,resilience. The multivariate stepwise regression equation was used for multivariate analysis.When the P value is 0.05 or less,the results are statistically significant.[Results]165 questionnaires were distributed and 152 effective questionnaires were recovered,and the effective rate of recovery was 92.12%. The total score of self-management ability of 152 patients was 147.36±12.01,and the score rate was 60.15%. The total score of self-management ability was positively correlated with the total score of self-efficacy(2.43±0.12) and the total score of resilience(47.36±12.01)(r= 0.591,0.687,both P <0.01). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that education level,professional knowledge,self-efficacy and resilience were the main influencing factors of self-management ability of tuberculosis patients with AIDS(P<0.01).[Conclusion] The self-management ability of tuberculosis patients with AIDS is generally low. While treating the disease,the medical staff should carry out individual management according to the different needs of the patients,so as to improve the selfmanagement ability of them.
引文
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[14]王丽琼,潘群,周金蔓,等.武汉市老年脑卒中患者健康自我管理现状及影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2017,37(18):4658-4660.
[15]边书贤,谈艳玲,蔡小林.38例妊娠并发肺结核患者个体化护理干预下的临床疗效分析[J].结核病与肺部健康杂志,2017,6(1):28-31.
[16]薛声波,吴桂辉,何畏,等.艾滋病并发肺结核患者行抗结核药物治疗的效果观察[J].结核病与肺部健康杂志,2017,6(1):32-35.
[17]梁群英,谢惠娟,陈海涛.护理认知干预对艾滋病患者不良情绪及服药依从性的影响[J].护理实践与研究,2015,12(6):42-43.
[18]阮叶,王红红.艾滋病合并结核病病人的治疗与护理[J].护理研究,2013,27(12):1059-1061.
[19]胡艳,赵俊.2型糖尿病并发肺结核患者自我管理水平与生活质量的相关性研究[J].结核病与肺部健康杂志,2017,6(2):153-160.
[20]李源,潘彩芳,韦柳迎.心理干预对艾滋病与肺结核双重感染病人生活质量的影响[J].护理研究,2012,26(11):1012-1013.
[21]谈迪心,王斌,李绪辉,等.老年结核病患者自我健康管理评定量表的信效度研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(34):4299-4303.
[2]陈登翠,石柳春,李幻,等.护理干预对HIV/AIDS患者自我管理疾病能力的影响[J].护理学杂志,2013,28(9):36-37.
[3]黄琴,关建萍,李晓春,等.240例HIV/AIDS患者自我管理能力现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(22):46-49.
[4]中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.中华人民共和国卫生行业标准:肺结核诊断:WS 288-2017[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2017:1-4.
[5]邵一鸣,康来仪,汪宁,等.艾滋病和艾滋病病毒感染诊断标准[J].中国艾滋病性病,2012,18(4):272-275.
[6]伍春艳,刘媛航,曾志励,等.HIV/AIDS患者自我管理量表的编制[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(1):35-38.
[7]YU X,ZHANG J. Factor Analysis and Psychometric Evaluation of The Connor-davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)with Chinese People[J].Soc Behav Personal,2007,35(1):19-30.
[8]陈斯雯,刘维维,刘玉萍,等.癌症患者主要照顾者的积极感受现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(4):55-58.
[9]苏士云.老年慢性心力衰竭患者的自我管理现状及影响因素研究[J].护理实践与研究,2017,14(19):49-50.
[10]刘艳丽. T-SPOT. TB在肺结核病诊断中的应用价值[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2015:1-49.
[11]周倩,唐月璐,石柳春,等.艾滋病合并肺结核病人的院外护理干预研究进展[J].护理研究,2015,29(11):1294-1296.
[12]陈蔚,李亚琴,罗卉,等.结核病医院临床护士营养知识态度行为相关性研究[J].护理管理杂志,2016,16(10):712-713,722.
[13]李慧珍,吴江贵,卓小华,等.结核科护理人员对肺结核并发2型糖尿病知识的问卷调查结果分析[J].中国防痨杂志,2018,40(2):213-217.
[14]王丽琼,潘群,周金蔓,等.武汉市老年脑卒中患者健康自我管理现状及影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2017,37(18):4658-4660.
[15]边书贤,谈艳玲,蔡小林.38例妊娠并发肺结核患者个体化护理干预下的临床疗效分析[J].结核病与肺部健康杂志,2017,6(1):28-31.
[16]薛声波,吴桂辉,何畏,等.艾滋病并发肺结核患者行抗结核药物治疗的效果观察[J].结核病与肺部健康杂志,2017,6(1):32-35.
[17]梁群英,谢惠娟,陈海涛.护理认知干预对艾滋病患者不良情绪及服药依从性的影响[J].护理实践与研究,2015,12(6):42-43.
[18]阮叶,王红红.艾滋病合并结核病病人的治疗与护理[J].护理研究,2013,27(12):1059-1061.
[19]胡艳,赵俊.2型糖尿病并发肺结核患者自我管理水平与生活质量的相关性研究[J].结核病与肺部健康杂志,2017,6(2):153-160.
[20]李源,潘彩芳,韦柳迎.心理干预对艾滋病与肺结核双重感染病人生活质量的影响[J].护理研究,2012,26(11):1012-1013.
[21]谈迪心,王斌,李绪辉,等.老年结核病患者自我健康管理评定量表的信效度研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(34):4299-4303.