考虑区间分布的幂律流体脉动渗透注浆扩散机制研究
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摘要
脉动注浆技术虽已得到了一定应用,但脉动压力下浆液的扩散机制研究则远滞后于工程实践。为了进一步推广和完善脉动注浆技术,基于注浆过程中脉动压力持续段流量恒定、压力间隔段流量为零的特点,考虑地层参数的不确定性,建立了脉动压力下幂律流体的渗透扩散模型,得到了脉动压力下幂律流体扩散半径的区间分布方程;设计了一套脉动渗透注浆模拟试验装置,得到了不同施工参数下幂律流体在地层内的分布形态;通过在数值模拟中构造脉动压力周期变化模型与孔隙率随机分布模型,实现了脉动压力下幂律流体渗透注浆浆液扩散过程的模拟。研究结果表明:脉动压力作用下幂律流体在地层内扩散范围并非是一个确定的量值,但基本集中在一定范围内,存在明显的扩散半径上下限;浆液扩散半径上下限受脉动注浆压力、脉动频率等影响明显,且上限差值随脉动注浆压力的增大而增大,浆液离散程度表现的更显著;理论计算、数值模拟与模型试验所得的浆液扩散半径随注浆压力的变化趋势一致,理论与数值计算得到的浆液扩散半径上下限数值误差均在可接受范围内,推导的理论公式和建立的数值模型均能较好的描述幂律流体在脉动压力下的扩散过程及区间分布。研究成果可为脉动渗透注浆理论、数值模拟以及实践工程提供一定的指导意义。
Although the pulsating grouting technology has been widely used, the diffusion mechanism of grout under fluctuating pressure is far behind the engineering practice. For the further promotion and perfection of the pulsation grouting technology, considering the uncertainties of the formation parameters, a permeable diffusion model for power-law fluid under pulsating pressure is established on the basis that the flow rate keeps constant in the sustained segment and zero in the interval segment. Also, the interval distribution equation for the diffusion radius of power-law fluid under pulsating pressure is obtained. Then, by using the designed pulsating seepage grouting simulation test devices, the distribution of power-law fluid in soil strata under different construction parameters is obtained. In numerical process, by constructing the pressure pulsation cycle model and pore rate random distribution model, the simulation of the diffusion process of grout under pulsating pressure infiltration of power-law fluid is also realized. The results show that the diffusion radius of power-law fluid under the pulsation pressure in the soil strata is not a definite value, but concentrated in a certain range with obvious upper and lower bounds, which is impacted significantly by the pulsating grouting pressure and pulsation frequency. With the increase of grouting pressure, the difference between the upper and lower bounds increases, and the dispersion degree appeares more obvious. Besides, the diffusion radii of grout obtained from theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and model tests show the same trend with the change of grouting pressure, and the calculated values from both theory and numerical simulation are acceptable compared to those of model tests. In general, the theoretical formula andthe numerical model can describe the diffusion process and the interval distribution of power-law fluid under fluctuatingpressure well. The research results can provide some significant guidance to the theory, numerical simulation and practical engineering of pulse penetration grouting.
Although the pulsating grouting technology has been widely used, the diffusion mechanism of grout under fluctuating pressure is far behind the engineering practice. For the further promotion and perfection of the pulsation grouting technology, considering the uncertainties of the formation parameters, a permeable diffusion model for power-law fluid under pulsating pressure is established on the basis that the flow rate keeps constant in the sustained segment and zero in the interval segment. Also, the interval distribution equation for the diffusion radius of power-law fluid under pulsating pressure is obtained. Then, by using the designed pulsating seepage grouting simulation test devices, the distribution of power-law fluid in soil strata under different construction parameters is obtained. In numerical process, by constructing the pressure pulsation cycle model and pore rate random distribution model, the simulation of the diffusion process of grout under pulsating pressure infiltration of power-law fluid is also realized. The results show that the diffusion radius of power-law fluid under the pulsation pressure in the soil strata is not a definite value, but concentrated in a certain range with obvious upper and lower bounds, which is impacted significantly by the pulsating grouting pressure and pulsation frequency. With the increase of grouting pressure, the difference between the upper and lower bounds increases, and the dispersion degree appeares more obvious. Besides, the diffusion radii of grout obtained from theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and model tests show the same trend with the change of grouting pressure, and the calculated values from both theory and numerical simulation are acceptable compared to those of model tests. In general, the theoretical formula andthe numerical model can describe the diffusion process and the interval distribution of power-law fluid under fluctuatingpressure well. The research results can provide some significant guidance to the theory, numerical simulation and practical engineering of pulse penetration grouting.
引文
[1]杨米加,陈明雄,贺永年.注浆理论的研究现状及发展方向[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(6):839-841.(YANG Mi-jia,CHEN Ming-xiong,HE Yong-nian.The development trend and research present condition of grouting theory[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2001,20(6):839-841.(in Chinese))
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[4]杨秀竹,王星华,雷金山.宾汉体浆液扩散半径的研究及应用[J].水利学报,2004(6):75-79.(YANG Xiu-zhu,WANG Xing-hua,LEI Jin-shan.Study on grouting diffusion radius of Bingham fluids[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004(6):75-79.(in Chinese))
[5]杨志全,侯克鹏,郭婷婷,等.黏度时变性宾汉体浆液的柱-半球形渗透注浆机制研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2697-2703.(YANG Zhi-quan,HOU Ke-peng,GUOTing-ting,et al.Study of column-hemispherical penetration grouting mechanism based on Bingham fluid of time-dependent behavior of viscosity[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2697-2703.(in Chinese))
[6]王晓玲,王青松,周正印,等.南水北调工程采空区三维宾汉流体紊流模拟[J].水利学报,2013(11):1295-1302.(WANG Xiao-ling,WANG Qing-song,ZHOU Zheng-yin,et al.Three-dimensional turbulent numerical simulation of Bingham fluid in the goalf grouting of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013(11):1295-1302.(in Chinese))
[7]汪磊,李涛.基于宾汉流体的海底隧道穿越裂隙岩体注浆扩散半径计算[J].铁道标准设计,2013(6):96-100.(WANG Lei,LI Tao.Calculation of grouting diffusion radius for submarine tunnel passing through fractured rock mass based on bingham fluid[J].Rail Way Standard Design,2013(6):96-100.(in Chinese))
[8]杨秀竹,雷金山,夏力农,等.幂律型浆液扩散半径研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(11):112-115.(YANG Xiu-zhu,LEIJin-shan,XIA Li-nong,et al.Study on grouting diffusion radius of exponential fluids[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(11):112-115.(in Chinese))
[9]杨志全,牛向东,侯克鹏,等.幂律型流体柱形渗透注浆机制[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016(3):178-183.(YANGZhi-quan,NIU Xiang-dong,HOU Ke-peng,et al.Column penetration grouting mechanism researches based on Power-law fluid[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016(3):178-183.(in Chinese))
[10]叶飞,陈治,贾涛,等.盾构隧道管片注浆幂律流型浆液渗透扩散模型[J].岩土工程学报,2016(5):890-897.(YE Fei,CHEN Zhi,JIA Tao,et al.Penetration diffusion model of exponential fluid for backfill grouting through segments of shield tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016(5):890-897.(in Chinese))
[11]徐兴华,尚岳全,王迎超.基于多重属性区间数决策模型的边坡整体稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(9):1840-1849.(XU Xing-hua,SHANG Yue-quan,WANGYing-chao.Global stability analysis of slope based on decision making model of multi-attribute and interval number[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010(9):1840-1849.(in Chinese))
[12]胡谢飞,陈征宙,张明瑞,等.基于区间有限元方法的边坡稳定性分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2013(4):405-411.(HU Xie-fei,CHEN Zheng-zhou,ZHANG Ming-rui,et al.Lope Stability analysis based on interval finite element method[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2013(4):405-411.(in Chinese))
[13]曹文贵,张永杰.基于区间组合法的边坡稳定非概率模糊可靠性分析方法[J].土木工程学报,2007(11):64-69.(CAO Wen-gui,ZHANG Yong-jie.Non-probabilistic fuzzy reliability analysis of slope stability based on interval inter connection method[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007(11):64-69.(in Chinese))
[14]赵明华,蒋冲,曹文贵.基于区间理论的挡土墙稳定性非概率可靠性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,20(4):467-472.(ZHAO Ming-hua,JIANG Chong,CAO Wen-gui.Nonprobabilistic reliability analysis of retaining walls based on interval theory[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,20(4):467-472.(in Chinese))
[15]王继承,苏永华,何满潮.区间分析方法在深部岩体工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(21):37-42.(WANG Ji-cheng,SU Yong-hua,HE Man-chao.Application of interval analysis methods to surrounding rock stability of deep roadway engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(21):37-42.(in Chinese))
[16]张永杰,曹文贵,赵明华,等.岩溶区公路路基稳定性的区间模糊评判分析方法[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(1):38-44.(ZHANG Yong-jie,CAO Wen-gui,ZHAO Ming-hua,et al.Interval fuzzy judgment method for roadbed stability in karst area[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(1):38-44.(in Chinese))
[17]朱大同.关于Dupuit公式和Forchheimer公式的讨论[J].水利学报,2012(4):502-504.(ZHU Da-tong.Discussion on Dupuit formula and Forchheimer formula[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012(4):502-504.(in Chinese))
[18]HERZIG J P,LECLERC D M,GOFF P L.Flow of suspensions through porous media-application to deep filtration[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,1970,62(5):8-35.
[19]王德人,张连生,邓乃扬,等.非线性方程的区间算法[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1986:10-11.(WANG De-ren,ZHANG Lian-sheng,DENG Nai-yang,et al.Interval algorithm for nonlinear equations[M].Shanghai:Shanghai science and Technology Press,1986:10-11.(in Chinese))
[20]曾祥熹.泥浆流变学与黏度测量[M].湖南:湖南地质学会,1981.(ZENG Xiang-xi.Mud rheology and viscosity measurement[M].Hunan:Central-South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,1981.(in Chinese))
[21]孔祥言.高等渗流力学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2010:50-53.(KONG Xiang-yan.Advanced mechanics of fluids in porous media[M].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,2010:50-53.(in Chinese))
[22]GB/T50123-1999土工试验方法标准[S].1999.(GB/T50123-1999 Geotextile test method standard[S].1999.(in Chinese))
[23]雷进生,刘非,王乾峰,等.非均质土层的注浆扩散特性与加固力学行为研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(12):2245-2253.(LEI Jin-sheng,LIU Fei,WANG Qian-feng,et al.Diffusion characteristics and reinforcement mechanics of grouting in non-homogeneous soil strata[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(12):2245-2253.(in Chinese))
[24]李慎举,王连国,陆银龙,等.破碎围岩锚注加固浆液扩散规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(6):874-880.(LI Shen-ju,WANG Lian-guo,LU Yin-long,et al.Slurry diffusion within cracked wall rock during the bolt-grouting process[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2011,40(6):874-880.(in Chinese))
[25]HUANG Y,WANG L,ZHANG J.Reinforcement mechanism and slurry diffusion law of deep-shallow coupled fully bolting-grouting in deep broken roadway[J].Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,19:6319-6330.
[26]章敏,王星华,汪优.Herschel-Bulkley浆液在裂隙中的扩散规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(5):815-820.(ZHANG Min,WANG Xing-hua,WANG You.Diffusion of Herschel-Bulkley slurry in fractures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(5):815-820.(in Chinese))
[27]周子龙,杜雪明,陈钊,等.基于Navier-Stokes方程幂律型浆液扩散压力[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017(7):1824-1830.(ZHOU Zi-long,DU Xue-ming,CHEN Zhao,et al.Grouting pressure of exponential fluids based on Navier-Stokes equation[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2017(7):1824-1830.(in Chinese))
[2]汪磊,李涛.基于牛顿流体的海底隧道穿越裂隙岩体注浆扩散半径计算[J].土工基础,2012(5):51-53.(WANG Lei,LI Tao.Application of newton fluid theory to estimate effective radius of grout zone for tunneling through fractured rock under sea[J].Soil Engineering and Foundation,2012(5):51-53.(in Chinese))
[3]杨志全,侯克鹏,梁维,等.牛顿流体柱-半球面渗透注浆形式扩散参数的研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增刊2):17-24.(YANG Zhi-quan,HOU Ke-peng,LIANG Wei,et al.Study of diffusion parameters of Newtonian fluid based on column-hemispherical penetration grouting[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(增刊2):17-24.(in Chinese))
[4]杨秀竹,王星华,雷金山.宾汉体浆液扩散半径的研究及应用[J].水利学报,2004(6):75-79.(YANG Xiu-zhu,WANG Xing-hua,LEI Jin-shan.Study on grouting diffusion radius of Bingham fluids[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004(6):75-79.(in Chinese))
[5]杨志全,侯克鹏,郭婷婷,等.黏度时变性宾汉体浆液的柱-半球形渗透注浆机制研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2697-2703.(YANG Zhi-quan,HOU Ke-peng,GUOTing-ting,et al.Study of column-hemispherical penetration grouting mechanism based on Bingham fluid of time-dependent behavior of viscosity[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2697-2703.(in Chinese))
[6]王晓玲,王青松,周正印,等.南水北调工程采空区三维宾汉流体紊流模拟[J].水利学报,2013(11):1295-1302.(WANG Xiao-ling,WANG Qing-song,ZHOU Zheng-yin,et al.Three-dimensional turbulent numerical simulation of Bingham fluid in the goalf grouting of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013(11):1295-1302.(in Chinese))
[7]汪磊,李涛.基于宾汉流体的海底隧道穿越裂隙岩体注浆扩散半径计算[J].铁道标准设计,2013(6):96-100.(WANG Lei,LI Tao.Calculation of grouting diffusion radius for submarine tunnel passing through fractured rock mass based on bingham fluid[J].Rail Way Standard Design,2013(6):96-100.(in Chinese))
[8]杨秀竹,雷金山,夏力农,等.幂律型浆液扩散半径研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(11):112-115.(YANG Xiu-zhu,LEIJin-shan,XIA Li-nong,et al.Study on grouting diffusion radius of exponential fluids[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(11):112-115.(in Chinese))
[9]杨志全,牛向东,侯克鹏,等.幂律型流体柱形渗透注浆机制[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2016(3):178-183.(YANGZhi-quan,NIU Xiang-dong,HOU Ke-peng,et al.Column penetration grouting mechanism researches based on Power-law fluid[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2016(3):178-183.(in Chinese))
[10]叶飞,陈治,贾涛,等.盾构隧道管片注浆幂律流型浆液渗透扩散模型[J].岩土工程学报,2016(5):890-897.(YE Fei,CHEN Zhi,JIA Tao,et al.Penetration diffusion model of exponential fluid for backfill grouting through segments of shield tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016(5):890-897.(in Chinese))
[11]徐兴华,尚岳全,王迎超.基于多重属性区间数决策模型的边坡整体稳定性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(9):1840-1849.(XU Xing-hua,SHANG Yue-quan,WANGYing-chao.Global stability analysis of slope based on decision making model of multi-attribute and interval number[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010(9):1840-1849.(in Chinese))
[12]胡谢飞,陈征宙,张明瑞,等.基于区间有限元方法的边坡稳定性分析[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2013(4):405-411.(HU Xie-fei,CHEN Zheng-zhou,ZHANG Ming-rui,et al.Lope Stability analysis based on interval finite element method[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2013(4):405-411.(in Chinese))
[13]曹文贵,张永杰.基于区间组合法的边坡稳定非概率模糊可靠性分析方法[J].土木工程学报,2007(11):64-69.(CAO Wen-gui,ZHANG Yong-jie.Non-probabilistic fuzzy reliability analysis of slope stability based on interval inter connection method[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2007(11):64-69.(in Chinese))
[14]赵明华,蒋冲,曹文贵.基于区间理论的挡土墙稳定性非概率可靠性分析[J].岩土工程学报,2008,20(4):467-472.(ZHAO Ming-hua,JIANG Chong,CAO Wen-gui.Nonprobabilistic reliability analysis of retaining walls based on interval theory[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,20(4):467-472.(in Chinese))
[15]王继承,苏永华,何满潮.区间分析方法在深部岩体工程中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(21):37-42.(WANG Ji-cheng,SU Yong-hua,HE Man-chao.Application of interval analysis methods to surrounding rock stability of deep roadway engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(21):37-42.(in Chinese))
[16]张永杰,曹文贵,赵明华,等.岩溶区公路路基稳定性的区间模糊评判分析方法[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(1):38-44.(ZHANG Yong-jie,CAO Wen-gui,ZHAO Ming-hua,et al.Interval fuzzy judgment method for roadbed stability in karst area[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(1):38-44.(in Chinese))
[17]朱大同.关于Dupuit公式和Forchheimer公式的讨论[J].水利学报,2012(4):502-504.(ZHU Da-tong.Discussion on Dupuit formula and Forchheimer formula[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012(4):502-504.(in Chinese))
[18]HERZIG J P,LECLERC D M,GOFF P L.Flow of suspensions through porous media-application to deep filtration[J].Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,1970,62(5):8-35.
[19]王德人,张连生,邓乃扬,等.非线性方程的区间算法[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1986:10-11.(WANG De-ren,ZHANG Lian-sheng,DENG Nai-yang,et al.Interval algorithm for nonlinear equations[M].Shanghai:Shanghai science and Technology Press,1986:10-11.(in Chinese))
[20]曾祥熹.泥浆流变学与黏度测量[M].湖南:湖南地质学会,1981.(ZENG Xiang-xi.Mud rheology and viscosity measurement[M].Hunan:Central-South Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,1981.(in Chinese))
[21]孔祥言.高等渗流力学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2010:50-53.(KONG Xiang-yan.Advanced mechanics of fluids in porous media[M].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press,2010:50-53.(in Chinese))
[22]GB/T50123-1999土工试验方法标准[S].1999.(GB/T50123-1999 Geotextile test method standard[S].1999.(in Chinese))
[23]雷进生,刘非,王乾峰,等.非均质土层的注浆扩散特性与加固力学行为研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(12):2245-2253.(LEI Jin-sheng,LIU Fei,WANG Qian-feng,et al.Diffusion characteristics and reinforcement mechanics of grouting in non-homogeneous soil strata[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(12):2245-2253.(in Chinese))
[24]李慎举,王连国,陆银龙,等.破碎围岩锚注加固浆液扩散规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2011,40(6):874-880.(LI Shen-ju,WANG Lian-guo,LU Yin-long,et al.Slurry diffusion within cracked wall rock during the bolt-grouting process[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2011,40(6):874-880.(in Chinese))
[25]HUANG Y,WANG L,ZHANG J.Reinforcement mechanism and slurry diffusion law of deep-shallow coupled fully bolting-grouting in deep broken roadway[J].Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,19:6319-6330.
[26]章敏,王星华,汪优.Herschel-Bulkley浆液在裂隙中的扩散规律研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(5):815-820.(ZHANG Min,WANG Xing-hua,WANG You.Diffusion of Herschel-Bulkley slurry in fractures[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(5):815-820.(in Chinese))
[27]周子龙,杜雪明,陈钊,等.基于Navier-Stokes方程幂律型浆液扩散压力[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2017(7):1824-1830.(ZHOU Zi-long,DU Xue-ming,CHEN Zhao,et al.Grouting pressure of exponential fluids based on Navier-Stokes equation[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2017(7):1824-1830.(in Chinese))