畜禽粪便的危害及处理技术
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摘要
随着我国畜禽养殖业的发展,畜禽粪便的产生量也迅速增加,其带来的危害也越来越大。因此,如何对畜禽粪便进行及时有效的处理,已成为影响我国畜牧业发展的重要因素。本文在查阅了相关度比较高的文献基础上,归纳了我国畜禽粪便的特点及危害,总结了国内外对畜禽粪便处理技术的研究成果,并提出了适合我国的畜禽粪便处理模式。以期为该领域的从业者和科研人员提供参考。
The progress of modern society has greatly promoted the development of Chinese animal husbandry. However,the production of livestock and poultry manure also increase rapidly,which has brought greater harm than ever before. So,it is important for people in animal husbandry to know how to solve the problems caused by the increased livestock and poultry manure by a timely and effective method. In order to provide some useful references for producers and researchers in this field,this article summarizes the characteristics and detrimental effects of livestock and poultry manure,based on highly referenced and published literature. In addition,this article reviews the research results of techniques for treatment of livestock and poultry manure in China and in the world.
The progress of modern society has greatly promoted the development of Chinese animal husbandry. However,the production of livestock and poultry manure also increase rapidly,which has brought greater harm than ever before. So,it is important for people in animal husbandry to know how to solve the problems caused by the increased livestock and poultry manure by a timely and effective method. In order to provide some useful references for producers and researchers in this field,this article summarizes the characteristics and detrimental effects of livestock and poultry manure,based on highly referenced and published literature. In addition,this article reviews the research results of techniques for treatment of livestock and poultry manure in China and in the world.
引文
[1]丁存振,肖海峰.中国肉类产量变量特征及因素贡献分解研究[J].世界农业,2017(6):142-149.
[2]孔祥才.畜禽养殖污染的经济分析及防控政策研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.
[3]杨飞,杨世琦,诸云强,等.中国近30年畜禽养殖量及其耕地氮污染负荷分析[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(5):1-11.
[4]蔡火炮,蔡伟强,谢侃.畜禽粪便污染的危害性及防治对策[J].福建畜牧兽医,2017,39(4):35-36.
[5]李书田,刘荣乐,陕红.我国主要畜禽粪便养分含量及变化分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(1):179-184.
[6]彭丽.杨陵区规模化养殖场畜禽饲料及粪便中养分与重金属含量分析及其环境管理启示[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[7]单英杰,章明奎.不同来源畜禽粪便的养分和污染物组成[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(1):80-86.
[8]李谦.畜禽粪便及有机肥中的重金属、抗生素和抗性基因及其在堆肥过程中的变化[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[9] Nimmermark S. Influence of odour concentration and individual odour thresholds on the hedonic tone of odour from animal production[J]. Biosyst Eng,2011,108(3):211-219.
[10] Avery R C,Wing S,Marshall S W,et al. Odor from industrial hog farming operations and mucosal immune function in neighbors[J].Arch Environ Health,2004,59(2):101-108.
[11] Edwards D R,Daniel T C. Quality of runoff from fescuegrass plots treated with poultry litter and inorganic fertilizer[J]. J Environ Qual,1994,23(3):579-584.
[12]何其辉,梁玉峰.畜禽粪便中重金属来源及对土壤污染分析[J].农业与技术,2017,37(4):238-239.
[13] Luo L,Ma Y B,Zhang S Z,et al. An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China[J]. J Environ Manage,2009,90(8):2524-2530.
[14]王瑞,魏源送.畜禽粪便中残留四环素类抗生素和重金属的污染特征及其控制[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,9(9):1705-1719.
[15] Xu Y,Yu W,Ma Q,et al. Occurrence of(fluoro)quinolones and(fluoro)quinolone resistance in soil receiving swine manure for 11years[J]. Sci Total Environ,2015,530-531(6):191-197.
[16] Manjeli Y,Teguia A,Djoukam J,et al. Effects of feeding cattle manure on growth performance and carcass characteristics of large white pigs[J]. Trop Anim Health Pro,1996,28(4):307-311.
[17]陈文生.鸡粪牛羊饲料化利用研究[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2016,32(9):231-231.
[18] Caswell L F,Fontenot J P,Webb K E,et al. Effect of processing method on pasturization and nitrogen components of broiler litter and on nitrogen utilization by sheep 1,2[J]. J Anim Sci,1975,40(4):750-759.
[19] Messer J W,Lovett J,Murthy G K,et al. Anassessment of some public health problems resulting from feeding poultry litter to animals. Microbiological and chemical parameters[J]. Poult Sci,1971,50(3):874-874.
[20]耿维,胡林,崔建宇,等.中国区域畜禽粪便能源潜力及总量控制研究[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(1):171-179.
[21] Bernal M P,Alburquerque J A,Moral R. Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment. A review[J]. Bioresour Technol,2009,100(22):5444-5453.
[22] Bach P D,Shoda M,Kubota H. Rate of composting of dewatered sewage sludge in continuously mixed isothermal reactor[J]. J Fermentat Technol,1984,62(3):285-292.
[23] Cárdenas-González B,Sarina J E,Michael S S. Characterization of compost biofiltration media[J]. J Air Waste Manage,1999,49(7):784-793.
[24] Warker J F. Methods to evaluate maturity of compost[J]. Compost Sci,2001,12(1):33-55.
[25] Bertoldi M D,Vallini G,Pera A. The biology of composting:a review[J]. Waste Manage Res,1983,1(1):157-176.
[26]孙向平.不同控制条件下堆肥过程中腐殖质的转化机制研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013.
[27] Gao M C,Liang F Y,An Y,et al. Evaluation of stability and maturity during forced-aeration composting of chicken manure and sawdust at different C/N ratios[J]. Chemosphere, 2010, 78(5):614-619.
[28]黄国锋,吴启堂,孟庆强,等.猪粪堆肥化处理的物质变化及腐熟度评价[J].华南农业大学学报,2002,23(3):1-4.
[29] Liu J,Xu X H,Li H T,et al. Effect of microbiological inocula on chemical and physical properties and microbial community of cow manure compost[J]. Biomass Bioenergy,2011,35(8):3433-3439.
[30]王佳宁.猪粪堆肥复合菌剂制备及其效果评价[D].大连:大连理工大学,2017.
[31] Wang H Y,Fan B Q,Hu Q X,et al. Effect of inoculation with penicillium expansum on the microbial community and maturity of compost[J]. Bioresour Technol,2011,102(24):11189-11193.
[32]徐增让,成升魁,高利伟,等.藏北牧区畜粪燃烧与养分流失的生态效应研究[J].资源科学,2015,37(1):94-101.
[33] Lima I M,Marshall W E. Granular activated carbons from broiler manure:pHysical, chemical and adsorptive properties[J].Bioresour Technol,2005,96(6):699-706.
[34] Demirba爧A. Sustainable cofiring of biomass with coal[J]. Energy Convers Manage,2003,44(9):1465-1479.
[35]田宜水.中国规模化养殖场畜禽粪便资源沼气生产潜力评价[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):230-234.
[36] Astals S,Nolla-Ardèvol V,Mata-Alvarez J. Thermophilic co-digestion of pig manure and crude glycerol:process performance and digestate stability[J]. J Biotechnol,2013,166(3):97-104.
[37] Neves L,Oliveira R,Alves M M. Co-digestion of cow manure,food waste and intermittent input of fat[J]. Bioresour Technol,2009,100(6):1957-1962.
[38] Kashyap D R,Dadhich K S,Sharma S K. Biomethanation under psychrophilic conditions:a review[J]. Bioresour Technol,2003,87(2):147-153.
[39] Liu C F,Yuan X Z,Zeng G M,et al. Prediction of methane yield at optimum p H for anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2008, 99(4):882-888.
[40] Zhang T,Mao C,Zhai N,et al. Influence of initial p H on thermop Hilic anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure and maize stalk[J]. Waste Manage,2015,35(7):119-126.
[41] Bagi Z,Acs N,Bálint B,et al. Biotechnological intensification of biogas production[J]. Appl Microbiol Biot, 2007, 76(2):473-482.
[42]王渝昆,袁月祥,李东,等.产甲烷复合菌剂的性能评价及中试试验产气效果[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(16):247-255.
[43] Gerardo M L,Aljohani N H,Oatley-Radcliffe D L,et al. Moving towards sustainable resources:Recovery and fractionation of nutrients from dairy manure digestate using membranes[J]. Water Res,2015,80(1):80-89.
[2]孔祥才.畜禽养殖污染的经济分析及防控政策研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.
[3]杨飞,杨世琦,诸云强,等.中国近30年畜禽养殖量及其耕地氮污染负荷分析[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(5):1-11.
[4]蔡火炮,蔡伟强,谢侃.畜禽粪便污染的危害性及防治对策[J].福建畜牧兽医,2017,39(4):35-36.
[5]李书田,刘荣乐,陕红.我国主要畜禽粪便养分含量及变化分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2009,28(1):179-184.
[6]彭丽.杨陵区规模化养殖场畜禽饲料及粪便中养分与重金属含量分析及其环境管理启示[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[7]单英杰,章明奎.不同来源畜禽粪便的养分和污染物组成[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(1):80-86.
[8]李谦.畜禽粪便及有机肥中的重金属、抗生素和抗性基因及其在堆肥过程中的变化[D].南京:南京农业大学,2016.
[9] Nimmermark S. Influence of odour concentration and individual odour thresholds on the hedonic tone of odour from animal production[J]. Biosyst Eng,2011,108(3):211-219.
[10] Avery R C,Wing S,Marshall S W,et al. Odor from industrial hog farming operations and mucosal immune function in neighbors[J].Arch Environ Health,2004,59(2):101-108.
[11] Edwards D R,Daniel T C. Quality of runoff from fescuegrass plots treated with poultry litter and inorganic fertilizer[J]. J Environ Qual,1994,23(3):579-584.
[12]何其辉,梁玉峰.畜禽粪便中重金属来源及对土壤污染分析[J].农业与技术,2017,37(4):238-239.
[13] Luo L,Ma Y B,Zhang S Z,et al. An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China[J]. J Environ Manage,2009,90(8):2524-2530.
[14]王瑞,魏源送.畜禽粪便中残留四环素类抗生素和重金属的污染特征及其控制[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,9(9):1705-1719.
[15] Xu Y,Yu W,Ma Q,et al. Occurrence of(fluoro)quinolones and(fluoro)quinolone resistance in soil receiving swine manure for 11years[J]. Sci Total Environ,2015,530-531(6):191-197.
[16] Manjeli Y,Teguia A,Djoukam J,et al. Effects of feeding cattle manure on growth performance and carcass characteristics of large white pigs[J]. Trop Anim Health Pro,1996,28(4):307-311.
[17]陈文生.鸡粪牛羊饲料化利用研究[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2016,32(9):231-231.
[18] Caswell L F,Fontenot J P,Webb K E,et al. Effect of processing method on pasturization and nitrogen components of broiler litter and on nitrogen utilization by sheep 1,2[J]. J Anim Sci,1975,40(4):750-759.
[19] Messer J W,Lovett J,Murthy G K,et al. Anassessment of some public health problems resulting from feeding poultry litter to animals. Microbiological and chemical parameters[J]. Poult Sci,1971,50(3):874-874.
[20]耿维,胡林,崔建宇,等.中国区域畜禽粪便能源潜力及总量控制研究[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(1):171-179.
[21] Bernal M P,Alburquerque J A,Moral R. Composting of animal manures and chemical criteria for compost maturity assessment. A review[J]. Bioresour Technol,2009,100(22):5444-5453.
[22] Bach P D,Shoda M,Kubota H. Rate of composting of dewatered sewage sludge in continuously mixed isothermal reactor[J]. J Fermentat Technol,1984,62(3):285-292.
[23] Cárdenas-González B,Sarina J E,Michael S S. Characterization of compost biofiltration media[J]. J Air Waste Manage,1999,49(7):784-793.
[24] Warker J F. Methods to evaluate maturity of compost[J]. Compost Sci,2001,12(1):33-55.
[25] Bertoldi M D,Vallini G,Pera A. The biology of composting:a review[J]. Waste Manage Res,1983,1(1):157-176.
[26]孙向平.不同控制条件下堆肥过程中腐殖质的转化机制研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013.
[27] Gao M C,Liang F Y,An Y,et al. Evaluation of stability and maturity during forced-aeration composting of chicken manure and sawdust at different C/N ratios[J]. Chemosphere, 2010, 78(5):614-619.
[28]黄国锋,吴启堂,孟庆强,等.猪粪堆肥化处理的物质变化及腐熟度评价[J].华南农业大学学报,2002,23(3):1-4.
[29] Liu J,Xu X H,Li H T,et al. Effect of microbiological inocula on chemical and physical properties and microbial community of cow manure compost[J]. Biomass Bioenergy,2011,35(8):3433-3439.
[30]王佳宁.猪粪堆肥复合菌剂制备及其效果评价[D].大连:大连理工大学,2017.
[31] Wang H Y,Fan B Q,Hu Q X,et al. Effect of inoculation with penicillium expansum on the microbial community and maturity of compost[J]. Bioresour Technol,2011,102(24):11189-11193.
[32]徐增让,成升魁,高利伟,等.藏北牧区畜粪燃烧与养分流失的生态效应研究[J].资源科学,2015,37(1):94-101.
[33] Lima I M,Marshall W E. Granular activated carbons from broiler manure:pHysical, chemical and adsorptive properties[J].Bioresour Technol,2005,96(6):699-706.
[34] Demirba爧A. Sustainable cofiring of biomass with coal[J]. Energy Convers Manage,2003,44(9):1465-1479.
[35]田宜水.中国规模化养殖场畜禽粪便资源沼气生产潜力评价[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):230-234.
[36] Astals S,Nolla-Ardèvol V,Mata-Alvarez J. Thermophilic co-digestion of pig manure and crude glycerol:process performance and digestate stability[J]. J Biotechnol,2013,166(3):97-104.
[37] Neves L,Oliveira R,Alves M M. Co-digestion of cow manure,food waste and intermittent input of fat[J]. Bioresour Technol,2009,100(6):1957-1962.
[38] Kashyap D R,Dadhich K S,Sharma S K. Biomethanation under psychrophilic conditions:a review[J]. Bioresour Technol,2003,87(2):147-153.
[39] Liu C F,Yuan X Z,Zeng G M,et al. Prediction of methane yield at optimum p H for anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste[J]. Bioresour Technol, 2008, 99(4):882-888.
[40] Zhang T,Mao C,Zhai N,et al. Influence of initial p H on thermop Hilic anaerobic co-digestion of swine manure and maize stalk[J]. Waste Manage,2015,35(7):119-126.
[41] Bagi Z,Acs N,Bálint B,et al. Biotechnological intensification of biogas production[J]. Appl Microbiol Biot, 2007, 76(2):473-482.
[42]王渝昆,袁月祥,李东,等.产甲烷复合菌剂的性能评价及中试试验产气效果[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(16):247-255.
[43] Gerardo M L,Aljohani N H,Oatley-Radcliffe D L,et al. Moving towards sustainable resources:Recovery and fractionation of nutrients from dairy manure digestate using membranes[J]. Water Res,2015,80(1):80-89.