不同空间尺度下植被覆盖对土壤有机碳流失的影响研究进展
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摘要
土壤有机碳是陆地碳库的重要组成部分.土壤有机碳的流失不仅造成了土地生产力的降低,而且在一定程度上也加剧了全球变暖的趋势.土壤中有机碳的流失在水土流失及其治理研究中受到越来越多的关注.植被覆盖作为影响水土流失的重要因子,在土壤有机碳的流失中起着至关重要的作用.文章从斑块、坡面、小流域等3个空间尺度分析和总结了植被覆盖对土壤有机碳流失的影响方式及程度.植被的斑块特征(覆盖度、类型、根系分布等)可以抑制径流冲刷以减轻降雨对土壤颗粒的侵蚀作用,因控制有机碳赖以附着的物理载体而有效防止了土壤中有机碳的流失;坡度、坡位、坡向等坡面特征通过影响植被的生长与分布格局,进而影响土壤中有机碳的流失;小流域尺度下植被对土壤有机碳流失的影响表现为景观格局对土壤有机碳分布和流域水文过程的控制特征.在对前人研究成果全面梳理的基础上,作者提出了不同尺度植被覆盖下土壤中有机碳流失研究存在的问题,并对本研究方向未来的发展趋势进行了初步分析.
Soil organic carbon(SOC) is an important part of terrestrial carbon pool. The loss of soil organic carbon not only results in the decrease of land productivity, but also exacerbates the trend of global warming to some extent. Nowadays, the loss of SOC has attracted more and more attention in the study of soil erosion and its control. What's more, as an important factor affecting soil erosion, vegetation plays a key role in control the soil organic carbon loss. The relationship between vegetation and soil organic carbon loss was summarized through the three scales of patch, hillslope and small watershed according to the previous research. The characteristics of vegetation patch(coverage, vegetation type, root distribution, etc.) can suppress runoff erosion and reduce the erosion effect of rainfall on soil. The characteristics of slope degree, slope position, and slope aspect affect the organic carbon loss by affecting the growth and distribution patterns of the vegetation. While at small watershed scale, the relationship between vegetation and soil erosion is studied from the effect of landscape pattern on the distribution and loss of organic carbon aspect. Finally, the problems existing in the study of the loss of organic carbon in soil under different vegetation coverage are discussed, and the future trend of this research is presented.
Soil organic carbon(SOC) is an important part of terrestrial carbon pool. The loss of soil organic carbon not only results in the decrease of land productivity, but also exacerbates the trend of global warming to some extent. Nowadays, the loss of SOC has attracted more and more attention in the study of soil erosion and its control. What's more, as an important factor affecting soil erosion, vegetation plays a key role in control the soil organic carbon loss. The relationship between vegetation and soil organic carbon loss was summarized through the three scales of patch, hillslope and small watershed according to the previous research. The characteristics of vegetation patch(coverage, vegetation type, root distribution, etc.) can suppress runoff erosion and reduce the erosion effect of rainfall on soil. The characteristics of slope degree, slope position, and slope aspect affect the organic carbon loss by affecting the growth and distribution patterns of the vegetation. While at small watershed scale, the relationship between vegetation and soil erosion is studied from the effect of landscape pattern on the distribution and loss of organic carbon aspect. Finally, the problems existing in the study of the loss of organic carbon in soil under different vegetation coverage are discussed, and the future trend of this research is presented.
引文
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