‘砀山酥’梨黑皮病影响因素分析及监测预警和防控措施
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摘要
为了切实有效地控制‘砀山酥’梨贮藏或货架期黑皮病,2009年以来,以山西和陕西地区的‘砀山酥’梨为重点,兼顾皖、苏、豫等地,对果实贮藏品质,黑皮病发病规律、发生原因、影响因素等进行了全面系统深入的调查和研究,总结出‘砀山酥’梨黑皮病的发病受果实内在品质以及采前管理或气候条件、采收期(果实成熟度)、入库降温管理模式、贮藏环境条件、冷库管理等多因素的影响。在调查和试验研究的基础上,明确并提出了‘砀山酥’梨黑皮病监测预警和采前采后综合防控技术措施,并在山西和陕西地区梨贮藏企业进行示范推广,有效控制了黑皮病的发生,维持了果实贮藏品质,显著提高了经济效益。
引文
[1]王文辉,贾晓辉,杜艳民,等.我国梨果生产与贮藏现状、存在的问题与发展趋势.保鲜与加工,2013,13(5):1-8.
[2]Franck C,Lammertyn J,Ho Q T,et al.Browning disorders in pear fruit.Postharvest Biol Technol,2007,43(1):1-13.
[3]Spotts R A,Sholbery P L,Randall P,et al.Effects of 1-MCP and hexanal on decay of d’Anjou pear fruit in long-term cold storage.Post Biol and Technol,2007,44:101-106.
[4]Whitaker B D.Oxidation products ofα-farnesene associated with superficial scald development in d’Anjou pear fruits are conjugated trienols.J Agric Food Chem,2007,55(9):3708-3712.
[5]Isidoro N,Almeida D P E.α-farnesene,conjugated trienols,and superficial scald in‘Rocha’pear as affected by 1-methylcyclopropene and diphenylamine.Post Bioland Technol,2006,42:49-56.
[6]高经成.砀山酥梨黑皮病发病机理及防治措施.商品贮运与养护,1995,89(5):24-25.
[7]胡小松,张彤,夏涛,等.鸭梨黑皮病致病机理与防治方法的研究.北京农业大学学报,1992,18(4):417-421.
[8]Lurie S,Watkins C B.Superficial scald,its etiology and control.Postharvest Biol Technol,2012,65(3):44-60.
[9]Jung S K,Watkins C B.Superficial scald control after delayed treatment of apple fruit with diphenylamine(DPA)and 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP).Postharvest Biol Technol,2008,50(1):45-52.
[10]贾晓辉,李振茹,王文辉,等.1-MCP处理对巴梨果实采后生理效应及黑皮病的影响.保鲜与加工,2010,10(4):13-16.
[11]吴小华,颉敏华,赵波,等.1-MCP处理对花牛苹果虎皮病发生机理及控制效应研究.食品工业科技,2015,36(15):316-320,325.
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[13]Bramlage W J.Comparisons of calcium chloride,calcium phosphate,and a calcium chelate as foliar sprays for“Mc Intosh”apple trees.J Amer Soc Hort Sci,1985,110(6):768-789.
[14]Bramlage W J,Watkins C B.Influences of preharvest temperature and harvest maturity on susceptibility of New Zealand and North American apples to superficial scald.N Z J Crop Hortic Sci,1994,22:69-79.
[15]Loetter J V,Beukes D J,Weber H W.Growth and quality of apples as affected by different irrigation treatments.Horticultural Science,1985,60:181-192.
[16]Emonger V E,Murr D P,Lougheed E C.Preharvest factors that predispose apples to superficial scald.Postharvest Biol and Technol,1994,4:289-300.
[17]王高民.酥梨储藏病害及防治要点.科学之友,2007(6):150-152.
[18]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.急速降温对砀山酥梨采后生理和保鲜效果的影响.中国南方果树,2015,44(3):129-132.
[19]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.不同低温贮藏对砀山酥梨货架期组织褐变和品质的影响.园艺学报,2014,41(12):2393-2401.
[20]胡小松,肖华志,王晓霞.苹果α-法尼烯和共扼三烯含量变化与贮藏温度的关系.园艺学报,2004,31(2):169-172.
[21]吕佩珂,庞震,刘文珍,等.中国果树病虫原色图谱.北京:华夏出版社,1993:50-51.
[22]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.高渗CO2和PE保鲜袋对冷藏及货架期‘砀山酥梨’果实品质的影响.果树学报,2015,32(1):128-135.
[23]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.低温贮藏后出库温度对货架期酥梨果实品质及生理指标的影响.果树学报,2014,31(6):1147-1153.
[2]Franck C,Lammertyn J,Ho Q T,et al.Browning disorders in pear fruit.Postharvest Biol Technol,2007,43(1):1-13.
[3]Spotts R A,Sholbery P L,Randall P,et al.Effects of 1-MCP and hexanal on decay of d’Anjou pear fruit in long-term cold storage.Post Biol and Technol,2007,44:101-106.
[4]Whitaker B D.Oxidation products ofα-farnesene associated with superficial scald development in d’Anjou pear fruits are conjugated trienols.J Agric Food Chem,2007,55(9):3708-3712.
[5]Isidoro N,Almeida D P E.α-farnesene,conjugated trienols,and superficial scald in‘Rocha’pear as affected by 1-methylcyclopropene and diphenylamine.Post Bioland Technol,2006,42:49-56.
[6]高经成.砀山酥梨黑皮病发病机理及防治措施.商品贮运与养护,1995,89(5):24-25.
[7]胡小松,张彤,夏涛,等.鸭梨黑皮病致病机理与防治方法的研究.北京农业大学学报,1992,18(4):417-421.
[8]Lurie S,Watkins C B.Superficial scald,its etiology and control.Postharvest Biol Technol,2012,65(3):44-60.
[9]Jung S K,Watkins C B.Superficial scald control after delayed treatment of apple fruit with diphenylamine(DPA)and 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP).Postharvest Biol Technol,2008,50(1):45-52.
[10]贾晓辉,李振茹,王文辉,等.1-MCP处理对巴梨果实采后生理效应及黑皮病的影响.保鲜与加工,2010,10(4):13-16.
[11]吴小华,颉敏华,赵波,等.1-MCP处理对花牛苹果虎皮病发生机理及控制效应研究.食品工业科技,2015,36(15):316-320,325.
[12]Ju Z G,Curry E A.Evidence thatα-farnesene biosynthesis during fruit ripening is mediated by ethylene regulated gene expression in apples.Postharvest Biol Technol,2000,19:9-16.
[13]Bramlage W J.Comparisons of calcium chloride,calcium phosphate,and a calcium chelate as foliar sprays for“Mc Intosh”apple trees.J Amer Soc Hort Sci,1985,110(6):768-789.
[14]Bramlage W J,Watkins C B.Influences of preharvest temperature and harvest maturity on susceptibility of New Zealand and North American apples to superficial scald.N Z J Crop Hortic Sci,1994,22:69-79.
[15]Loetter J V,Beukes D J,Weber H W.Growth and quality of apples as affected by different irrigation treatments.Horticultural Science,1985,60:181-192.
[16]Emonger V E,Murr D P,Lougheed E C.Preharvest factors that predispose apples to superficial scald.Postharvest Biol and Technol,1994,4:289-300.
[17]王高民.酥梨储藏病害及防治要点.科学之友,2007(6):150-152.
[18]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.急速降温对砀山酥梨采后生理和保鲜效果的影响.中国南方果树,2015,44(3):129-132.
[19]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.不同低温贮藏对砀山酥梨货架期组织褐变和品质的影响.园艺学报,2014,41(12):2393-2401.
[20]胡小松,肖华志,王晓霞.苹果α-法尼烯和共扼三烯含量变化与贮藏温度的关系.园艺学报,2004,31(2):169-172.
[21]吕佩珂,庞震,刘文珍,等.中国果树病虫原色图谱.北京:华夏出版社,1993:50-51.
[22]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.高渗CO2和PE保鲜袋对冷藏及货架期‘砀山酥梨’果实品质的影响.果树学报,2015,32(1):128-135.
[23]王志华,姜云斌,王文辉,等.低温贮藏后出库温度对货架期酥梨果实品质及生理指标的影响.果树学报,2014,31(6):1147-1153.