海底及浅层地质灾害的高分辨率地震预测技术
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摘要
为降低海上钻井及施工风险,利用渤海及西非某区块最新采集的高分辨率地震资料,结合研究区区域地质背景及邻井钻探数据,对浅海及深水钻井面临的各类地质风险因素进行了研究。利用地震相分析、波阻抗反演、井(孔)震标定、属性分析等中深部油气勘探的成熟技术,分析了各类海底及浅层地质灾害因素的成因、特征、危害及展布规律,总结了一套利用高分辨率地震资料预测海底及浅层地质灾害的技术方法。经钻井证实,利用高分辨率地震资料对地质灾害进行预测,可以有效地防范各类钻井风险,并可为今后海上油田施工提供可靠的工程地质调查成果。
In order to reduce the risks of offshore drilling and construction,the study on all factors of geological hazard,faced by shallow water and deep water drilling uses the latest high-resolution seismic data of the Bohai sea and a block in West Africa,combined with the background of regional geology and the data of offset well drilling data.Some mature technologies for hydrocarbon exploration in mid-deep strata,such as the analysis of seismic facies,wave impedance inversion,well(hole)seismic calibration,attribute analysis and so on,have been used to analyze the causes,characteristics,hazards and distribution rules of various seafloor and shallow geological hazards and have been used to summarize a set of technical methods to predict seafloor and shallow geohazards by using high-resolution seismic data.The practice of well drilling verifies that the prediction of geohazards by using high resolution seismic technology can prevent effectively all kinds of drilling risks and can providereliable results of engineering geological survey for future construction in offshore oil field.
In order to reduce the risks of offshore drilling and construction,the study on all factors of geological hazard,faced by shallow water and deep water drilling uses the latest high-resolution seismic data of the Bohai sea and a block in West Africa,combined with the background of regional geology and the data of offset well drilling data.Some mature technologies for hydrocarbon exploration in mid-deep strata,such as the analysis of seismic facies,wave impedance inversion,well(hole)seismic calibration,attribute analysis and so on,have been used to analyze the causes,characteristics,hazards and distribution rules of various seafloor and shallow geological hazards and have been used to summarize a set of technical methods to predict seafloor and shallow geohazards by using high-resolution seismic data.The practice of well drilling verifies that the prediction of geohazards by using high resolution seismic technology can prevent effectively all kinds of drilling risks and can providereliable results of engineering geological survey for future construction in offshore oil field.
引文
[1]王海平,张伟,李春雷.海底浅层地质灾害的高分辨率地震识别技术[J].海洋科学,2014,38(7):103-109.
[2]叶银灿.海洋灾害地质学发展的历史回顾及前景展望[J].海洋学研究,2011,29(4):1-7.
[3]Francesco L C,Antonio C,Roger U.Seafloor mapping for geohazard assessment:state of the art[J].Mar Geophys Res,2011,32:1-11.
[4]吴时国,孙启良,吴拓宇,等.琼东南盆地深水区多边形断层的发现及其油气意义[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):22-26.
[5]叶银灿,陈俊仁,潘国富,等.海底浅层气的成因、赋存特征及其对工程的危害[J].东海海洋,2003,21(1):27-36.
[6]宋召军,张志珣,刘立.南黄海海底地质灾害因素的识别[J].海洋地质动态,2003,19(4):8-11.
[7]鲍才旺.中国近海海底潜在地质灾害类型及其特征[J].热带海洋,1999,18(3):24-31.
[8]李斌,杨文达,李培廉.利用三维地震资料评估深水井位工程地质灾害[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,9(1):121-127.
[9]吴时国,孙运宝,王秀娟,等.南海北部深水盆地浅水流的地球物理特性及识别[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(7):1 681-1 690.
[10]吴时国,谢杨冰,秦芹,等.深水油气浅层钻井的“三浅”地质灾害[J].探矿工程,2014,41(9):38-42.
[11]吴时国,姚伯初.天然气水合物赋存的地质构造分析与资源评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:1-307.
[2]叶银灿.海洋灾害地质学发展的历史回顾及前景展望[J].海洋学研究,2011,29(4):1-7.
[3]Francesco L C,Antonio C,Roger U.Seafloor mapping for geohazard assessment:state of the art[J].Mar Geophys Res,2011,32:1-11.
[4]吴时国,孙启良,吴拓宇,等.琼东南盆地深水区多边形断层的发现及其油气意义[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):22-26.
[5]叶银灿,陈俊仁,潘国富,等.海底浅层气的成因、赋存特征及其对工程的危害[J].东海海洋,2003,21(1):27-36.
[6]宋召军,张志珣,刘立.南黄海海底地质灾害因素的识别[J].海洋地质动态,2003,19(4):8-11.
[7]鲍才旺.中国近海海底潜在地质灾害类型及其特征[J].热带海洋,1999,18(3):24-31.
[8]李斌,杨文达,李培廉.利用三维地震资料评估深水井位工程地质灾害[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,9(1):121-127.
[9]吴时国,孙运宝,王秀娟,等.南海北部深水盆地浅水流的地球物理特性及识别[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(7):1 681-1 690.
[10]吴时国,谢杨冰,秦芹,等.深水油气浅层钻井的“三浅”地质灾害[J].探矿工程,2014,41(9):38-42.
[11]吴时国,姚伯初.天然气水合物赋存的地质构造分析与资源评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:1-307.