Al_2O_3纳米颗粒与表面活性剂对O/W乳状液稳定性的影响
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摘要
为了提高原油乳状液的稳定性,研究了亲水和疏水两种氧化铝纳米颗粒在阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和非离子表面活性剂烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)中的分散稳定性,并用氧化铝纳米流体、液体石蜡和OP-10制得O/W型乳状液,考察了亲水与疏水纳米颗粒和OP-10对乳状液稳定性的影响。结果表明,表面活性剂类型与浓度对氧化铝纳米颗粒分散效果的影响较大,OP-10的分散性较好。O/W乳状液的稳定性与纳米颗粒和表面活性剂密切相关。在一定浓度下,随着纳米颗粒和表面活性剂浓度增加油水界面张力降低,乳状液的稳定性增强;高浓度的纳米颗粒和表面活性剂会使油水界面张力和乳状液析水率增加,稳定性降低;0.3%OP-10复配0.2%疏水氧化铝纳米颗粒形成的乳状液稳定性较好。与亲水氧化铝纳米流体相比,疏水氧化铝纳米流体具有更高的分散稳定性和更强的稳定乳状液的能力。
In order to improve the stability of crude oil emulsion,the dispersion stabilities of hydrophilic and hydrophobic alumina nanoparticles in anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS),cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)and nonionic surfactant alkylphenol ployoxethylene ether(OP-10)were studied. O/W emulsion was prepared by alumina nanofluids,liquid paraffin and OP-10. The effects of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanoparticles and OP-10 on emulsion stability were investigated. The results showed that the surfactant type and concentration had great influence on the dispersion of alumina nanoparticles,and the dispersibility of OP-10 was better. The stability of O/W emulsion was closely related to nanoparticle and surfactant. On a certain concentration,with increaseing concentration of nanoparticle and surfactant,the interfacial tension between oil and water decreased as well as the stability of emulsion enhanced. High concentration of nanoparticle and surfactant could increase the interfacial tension and water separation rate and decrease the stability. The emulsion composed of 0.3% OP-10 and 0.2% hydrophobic alumina nanoparticle had good stability. Compared with hydrophilic alumina nanofluids,hydrophobic alumina nanofluids exhibited higher dispersion stability and stronger ability to stabilize O/W emulsion.
In order to improve the stability of crude oil emulsion,the dispersion stabilities of hydrophilic and hydrophobic alumina nanoparticles in anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS),cationic surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)and nonionic surfactant alkylphenol ployoxethylene ether(OP-10)were studied. O/W emulsion was prepared by alumina nanofluids,liquid paraffin and OP-10. The effects of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanoparticles and OP-10 on emulsion stability were investigated. The results showed that the surfactant type and concentration had great influence on the dispersion of alumina nanoparticles,and the dispersibility of OP-10 was better. The stability of O/W emulsion was closely related to nanoparticle and surfactant. On a certain concentration,with increaseing concentration of nanoparticle and surfactant,the interfacial tension between oil and water decreased as well as the stability of emulsion enhanced. High concentration of nanoparticle and surfactant could increase the interfacial tension and water separation rate and decrease the stability. The emulsion composed of 0.3% OP-10 and 0.2% hydrophobic alumina nanoparticle had good stability. Compared with hydrophilic alumina nanofluids,hydrophobic alumina nanofluids exhibited higher dispersion stability and stronger ability to stabilize O/W emulsion.
引文
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[4]NUSHTAEVA A V.Natural food-grade solid particles for emulsion stabilization[J].Colloids Surf A:Physicochem Eng Aspects,2016,504:449-457.
[5]FROST D S,SCHOEPF J J,NOFEN E M,et al.Understanding droplet bridging in ionic liquid-based Pickering emulsions[J].J Colloid Interface Sci,2012,383(1):103-109.
[6]DUFFUS L J,NORTON J E,SMITH P,et al.A comparative study on the capacity of a range of food-grade particles to form stable O/W and O/W Pickering emulsions[J].J Colloid Interface Sci,2016,473:9-21.
[7]HU Yaqiong,YIN Shouwei,ZHU Jianhua,et al.Fabrication and characterization of novel Pickering emulsions and Pickering high internal emulsions stabilized by gliadin colloidal particles[J].Food Hydrocolloids,2016,61:300-310.
[8]DRELICH A,GOMEZ F,CLAUSSE D,et al.Evolution of water-in-oil emulsions stabilized with solid particles:influence of added emulsifier[J].Colloids Surf A:Physicochem Eng Aspects,2010,365(1/2/3):171-177.
[9]WHITBY C P,KHAIRUL A H,HUGHES J.Destabilising Pickering emulsions by drop flocculation and adhesion[J].J Colloid Interface Sci,2015,465:158-164.
[10]SILMORE K S,GUPTA C,WASHBURN N R.Tunable Pickering emulsions with polymer-grafted lignin nanoparticles(PGLNs)[J].J Colloid Interface Sci,2015,466:91-100.
[11]WANG Sha,HE Yongjun,ZOU Yong.Study of Pickering emulsions stabilized by mixed particles of silica and calcite[J].Particuology,2010,8(4):390-393.
[12]BABITA,SHARMA S K,GUPTA S M.Preparation and evaluation of stable nanofluids for heat transfer application:a review[J].Exp Therm Fluid Sci,2016,79:202-212.
[13]周亚洲,殷代印,曹睿.高含水后期乳状液的驱油效果与作用机理分析[J].油田化学,2016,33(2):285-290.
[14]NEGIN C,ALI S,XIE Q.Application of nanotechnology for enhancing oil recovery—a review[J].Petroleum,2016,2(4):324-333.
[15]谢华清,奚同庚.纳米流体导热系数研究[J].上海第二工业大学学报,2006,23(3):200-204.
[16]王辉,骆仲泱,蔡洁聪,等.Si O2纳米流体透射率影响因素实验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2010,44(6):1143-1148.
[17]罗敏,司徒振明.液体界面张力的测定方法—悬滴法[J].材料工程,1989(2):23-26.
[18]WANG Jun,LIU Guoping,WANG Liya,et al.Synergistic stabilization of emulsions by poly(oxypropylene)diamine and laponite particles[J].Colloids Surf A:Physicochem Eng Aspects,2010,353(2/3):117-124.
[19]崔正刚.表面活性剂、胶体与界面化学基础[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2013:173-174/233.
[20]TKALYA E E,GHISLANDI M,WITH G D,et al.The use of surfactants for dispersing carbon nanotubes and graphene to make conductive nanocomposites[J].Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci,2012,17(4):225-232.
[21]SUN Qian,LI Zhaomin,WANG Jiqian,et al.Aqueous foam stabilized by partially hydrophobic nanoparticles in the presence of surfactant[J].Colloids Surf A:Physicochem Eng Aspects,2015,471:54-64.
[22]ZARGARTALEBI M,KHARRAT R,BARATI N.Enhancement of surfactant flooding performance by the use of silica nanoparticles[J].Fuel,2015,143:21-27.