稳定化锂粉/石墨复合负极的合成与性能表征
|
摘要
采用高分散锂粉与石墨制备了具备高比容量和高稳定性能的复合负极材料。该锂粉/石墨复合负极与锰酸锂正极组装的全电池经过600次循环后,锰酸锂的比容量依旧保持93.1 mAh/g,循环效率接近100%。复合负极组装的对称电池经过500 h循环后,过电势仍低于10 mV。制备的锂粉/石墨复合负极不仅可以有效缓解金属锂电极的体积膨胀效应,还可以明显抑制锂枝晶的生长,长时间循环后的锂粉/石墨复合负极表面枝晶数量明显少于纯锂负极。
The composite anode materials with high specific capacity and high stability were prepared by using highly dispersed lithium powder and graphite.The full cells using the lithium powder/graphite(Li/GO)electrode and LiMn_2O_4 electrode exhibits excellent cycle stability.The discharge specific capacity of 93.1 mAh/g and an average coulombic efficiency of 100% are achieved for more than 600 cycles.The symmetric lithium cells of the composite anode exhibit small Li plating/stripping overpotential(10 mV)at a high current density of 3 m A/cm~2 over 500 hours.The Li/GO anode can not only effectively alleviate the volume expansion effect of the lithium electrode,but also obviously inhibit the growth of the lithium dendrite.The number of dendrites on the surface of the Li/GO anode is obviously less than that of the pure lithium anode after a long time cycle.
The composite anode materials with high specific capacity and high stability were prepared by using highly dispersed lithium powder and graphite.The full cells using the lithium powder/graphite(Li/GO)electrode and LiMn_2O_4 electrode exhibits excellent cycle stability.The discharge specific capacity of 93.1 mAh/g and an average coulombic efficiency of 100% are achieved for more than 600 cycles.The symmetric lithium cells of the composite anode exhibit small Li plating/stripping overpotential(10 mV)at a high current density of 3 m A/cm~2 over 500 hours.The Li/GO anode can not only effectively alleviate the volume expansion effect of the lithium electrode,but also obviously inhibit the growth of the lithium dendrite.The number of dendrites on the surface of the Li/GO anode is obviously less than that of the pure lithium anode after a long time cycle.
引文
[1]LI Z,HUANG J,LIAW B Y,et al.A review of lithium deposition in lithium-ion and lithium metal secondary batteries[J].Journal of Power Sources,2014,254:168-182.
[2]CAO R G,XU W,LV D P,et al.Anodes for rechargeable lithiumsulfur batteries[J].Advanced Energy Materials,2015,5(16):1402273.
[3]XU W,WANG J L,DING F,et al.Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries[J].Energy Environ Sci,2014,7(2):513-537.
[4]CHENG X B,ZHANG Q.Dendrite-free lithium metal anodes:Stable solid electrolyte interphases for high-efficiency batteries[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(14):7207-7209.
[5]LIU S F,WANG X L,XIE D,et al.Recent development in lithium metal anodes of liquid-state rechargeable batteries[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,730:135-149.
[6]LIN D C,LIU Y Y,PEI A,et al.Nanoscale perspective:Materials designs and understandings in lithium metal anodes[J].Nano Research,2017,10(12):4003-4026.
[7]ZHU B,JIN Y,HU X Z,et al.Poly(dimethylsiloxane)thin film as a stable interfacial layer for high-performance lithium-metal battery anodes[J].Adv Mater,2017,29(2):1603755.
[8]ZHENG G Y,WANG C,PEI A,et al.High-performance lithium metal negative electrode with a soft and flowable polymer coating[J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(6):1247-1255.
[9]XIE K Y,YUAN K,ZHANG K,et al.Dual functionalities of carbon nanotube films for dendrite-free and high energy-high power lithiumsulfur batteries[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2017,9(5):4605-4613.
[10]SHI L,XU A,ZHAO T S.First-principles investigations of the working mechanism of 2D h-BN as an interfacial layer for the anode of lithium metal batteries[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2017,9(2):1987-1994.
[11]ZHENG G Y,LEE S W,LIANG Z,et al.Interconnected hollow carbon nanospheres for stable lithium metal anodes[J].Nat Nanotechnol,2014,9(8):618-623.
[12]ZHANG Y J,XIA X H,WANG D H,et al.Integrated reduced graphene oxide multilayer/Li composite anode for rechargeable lithium metal batteries[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(14):11657-11664.
[13]OTA H,SHIMA K,UE M,et al.Effect of vinylene carbonate as additive to electrolyte for lithium metal anode[J].Electrochimica Acta,2004,49(4):565-572.
[14]DING F,XU W,GRAFF G L,et al.Dendrite-free lithium deposition via self-healing electrostatic shield mechanism[J].J Am Chem Soc,2013,135(11):4450-4456.
[15]YU X W,BI Z H,ZHAO F,et al.Hybrid lithium-sulfur batteries with a solid electrolyte membrane and lithium polysulfide catholyte[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2015,7(30):16625-16631.
[16]CHEN X,ZEESHAN A,ASGHAR A,et al.Enhanced strength and temperature dependence of mechanical properties of Li at small scales and its implications for Li metal anodes[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2017,114(1):57-61.
[17]LIN D C,LIU Y Y,LIANG Z,et al.Layered reduced graphene oxide with nanoscale interlayer gaps as a stable host for lithium metal anodes[J].Nat Nanotechnol,2016,11(7):626-632.
[2]CAO R G,XU W,LV D P,et al.Anodes for rechargeable lithiumsulfur batteries[J].Advanced Energy Materials,2015,5(16):1402273.
[3]XU W,WANG J L,DING F,et al.Lithium metal anodes for rechargeable batteries[J].Energy Environ Sci,2014,7(2):513-537.
[4]CHENG X B,ZHANG Q.Dendrite-free lithium metal anodes:Stable solid electrolyte interphases for high-efficiency batteries[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(14):7207-7209.
[5]LIU S F,WANG X L,XIE D,et al.Recent development in lithium metal anodes of liquid-state rechargeable batteries[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2018,730:135-149.
[6]LIN D C,LIU Y Y,PEI A,et al.Nanoscale perspective:Materials designs and understandings in lithium metal anodes[J].Nano Research,2017,10(12):4003-4026.
[7]ZHU B,JIN Y,HU X Z,et al.Poly(dimethylsiloxane)thin film as a stable interfacial layer for high-performance lithium-metal battery anodes[J].Adv Mater,2017,29(2):1603755.
[8]ZHENG G Y,WANG C,PEI A,et al.High-performance lithium metal negative electrode with a soft and flowable polymer coating[J].ACS Energy Letters,2016,1(6):1247-1255.
[9]XIE K Y,YUAN K,ZHANG K,et al.Dual functionalities of carbon nanotube films for dendrite-free and high energy-high power lithiumsulfur batteries[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2017,9(5):4605-4613.
[10]SHI L,XU A,ZHAO T S.First-principles investigations of the working mechanism of 2D h-BN as an interfacial layer for the anode of lithium metal batteries[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2017,9(2):1987-1994.
[11]ZHENG G Y,LEE S W,LIANG Z,et al.Interconnected hollow carbon nanospheres for stable lithium metal anodes[J].Nat Nanotechnol,2014,9(8):618-623.
[12]ZHANG Y J,XIA X H,WANG D H,et al.Integrated reduced graphene oxide multilayer/Li composite anode for rechargeable lithium metal batteries[J].RSC Advances,2016,6(14):11657-11664.
[13]OTA H,SHIMA K,UE M,et al.Effect of vinylene carbonate as additive to electrolyte for lithium metal anode[J].Electrochimica Acta,2004,49(4):565-572.
[14]DING F,XU W,GRAFF G L,et al.Dendrite-free lithium deposition via self-healing electrostatic shield mechanism[J].J Am Chem Soc,2013,135(11):4450-4456.
[15]YU X W,BI Z H,ZHAO F,et al.Hybrid lithium-sulfur batteries with a solid electrolyte membrane and lithium polysulfide catholyte[J].ACS Appl Mater Interfaces,2015,7(30):16625-16631.
[16]CHEN X,ZEESHAN A,ASGHAR A,et al.Enhanced strength and temperature dependence of mechanical properties of Li at small scales and its implications for Li metal anodes[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2017,114(1):57-61.
[17]LIN D C,LIU Y Y,LIANG Z,et al.Layered reduced graphene oxide with nanoscale interlayer gaps as a stable host for lithium metal anodes[J].Nat Nanotechnol,2016,11(7):626-632.