氟弹性体在航天航空领域的应用
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摘要
概述了航天航空领域中主要应用的氟橡胶的类型,介绍了氟烯烃类共聚物、氟醚橡胶、亚硝基氟橡胶以及主链含有磷、氮的弹性体的结构特点。重点介绍了氟弹性体的耐介质性能,耐热性能以及耐低温性能。结合航空领域中氟橡胶主要应用在发动机系统的密封上以及航天领域中氟橡胶主要应用在推进剂系统的密封上,在耐介质性能方面重点介绍了耐燃油以及耐四氧化二氮介质性能,在耐高温性能方面主要概述了硫化体系对氟弹性体耐高温性能的影响,在耐低温性能方面主要概述了氟醚橡胶突出的耐低温性能以及硫化体系对氟醚橡胶耐低温性能的影响。最后介绍了氟弹性体在航天航空领域的应用。
The types of fluoroelastomer in aerospace area were summarized. The molecular structure of fluorinated alkene copolymer, fluoroether elastomer, nitrosofluoro elastomer, elastomer containing phosphorus and nitrogen in the main chain were briefly summarized. The properties of media resistance, heat-resistant and low-temperature resistance were presented in detail, for the application of fluorubber in sealed engine system and in sealed propellant systems in aviation and space area respectively. In the aspect of medium-resistance performance, fuel oil and N2O4 were highlighted. In the aspect of heat-resistant performance, effect of curing systems on fluorine elastomer heat-resistant performance was resumed. In the aspect of low-temperature resistance, excellent performance of fluoroether rubber and effect of curing systems on fluoroether rubber low-temperature resistance were resumed. Finally, the application of fluorine elastomer in aerospace area was summarized.
The types of fluoroelastomer in aerospace area were summarized. The molecular structure of fluorinated alkene copolymer, fluoroether elastomer, nitrosofluoro elastomer, elastomer containing phosphorus and nitrogen in the main chain were briefly summarized. The properties of media resistance, heat-resistant and low-temperature resistance were presented in detail, for the application of fluorubber in sealed engine system and in sealed propellant systems in aviation and space area respectively. In the aspect of medium-resistance performance, fuel oil and N2O4 were highlighted. In the aspect of heat-resistant performance, effect of curing systems on fluorine elastomer heat-resistant performance was resumed. In the aspect of low-temperature resistance, excellent performance of fluoroether rubber and effect of curing systems on fluoroether rubber low-temperature resistance were resumed. Finally, the application of fluorine elastomer in aerospace area was summarized.
引文
[1] AME'DURI B, BOUTEVIN B, KOSTOV G. Fluoroelastomers:synthesis,properties and applications[J]. Prog Polym Sci 2001, 26(2):105~187.
[2]崔小明.氟橡胶的改性及应用研究进展[J].中国橡胶, 2015, 8(3):42~45.
[3]陈青,魏伯荣,胡小峰.氟橡胶的改性研究进展[J].特种橡胶制品, 2004, 25(2):57~61.
[4]杨清芝.现代橡胶工艺学[M].北京:中国石化出版社, 1997.
[5]朱永康.低温品种氟橡胶的长期燃油老化与热老化[J].有机氟工业, 2009(2):60~64.
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[7]陈如玉. F275氟橡胶耐介质性试验研究[D].南昌航空大学2015,5.
[8]肖风亮.新型氟弹性体在航空密封领域内的应用进展(下)[J].世界橡胶工业, 2007, 34(6):1~9.
[9] SUSANTA MITRAA, AFSHIN GHANBARI-SIAHKALI, PETER KINGSHOTTA, et al. Chemical degradation of fluoroelastomer in an alkaline environment[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2004, 83:195~206.
[10]赵云峰.先进高分子材料在航天工业领域的应用[J].军民两用技术与产品, 2013, 6:3~12.
[11]赵云峰,吴福迪,许文.羧基亚硝基氟橡胶的性能及应用[J].宇航材料工艺, 2009, 4:26~30.
[12]赵云峰,吴福迪,任淑媛.用于火箭液体氧化剂(N2O4)系统的新型橡胶密封材料[J].特种橡胶制品, 2000, 21(5):14~15.
[13]赵云峰,吴福迪,许文.耐N2O4新型羧基亚硝基氟橡胶密封材料性能研究[J].特种橡胶制品2009, 30(6):32~35.
[14]张铭韫.氟橡胶耐燃油及综合性能提升的研究[D]. 2012-10-25.
[15]丛川波,朱杰,李文博,等.硫化剂DCP用量对四丙氟橡胶耐腐蚀性的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2012(59):419~422.
[16]崔灿灿,周琼,丛川波.硫化剂DCP/助交联剂八乙烯基倍半硅氧烷硫化四丙氟橡胶的耐盐酸腐蚀性能研究[J].橡胶工业,2014, 63:463~466.
[17] CHUANBO C, XIAOYU M, QIONG Z. Structure and property of tetrafluoroethylene-propylene elastomer-OVPOSS composites[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2013, 130(2):1281~1288.
[18] CHUANBO C, CUI C, MENG X et al. Stability of POSS crosslinks and aggregates in tetrafluoroethylene-propylene elastomer/OVPOSS composites composed to hydrochloric acid solution[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2014, 100:29~36.
[19]朱杰,丛川波,付志明,等.填料对四丙氟橡胶耐腐蚀性能的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2011, 58:554~557.
[20] SMITH S. FLUOROELASTOMERS,BANKS RE. Preparation, properties and industrial applications of organofluorine compounds[J]. Chichester:Ellis Harwood, 1982,22(5):12414~12419.
[21] MARSHALL JB. Kalrezw-type perfluoroelastomers—synthesis,properties and applications[M]. Modern fluoropolymers. London:Wiley, 1997.
[22]刘嘉,苏正涛,栗付平.航空橡胶与密封材料[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011.
[23] VAN CLEEFF A. Fluoroelastomers. Modern fluoropolymers[M].New York:Wiley, 1997.
[24] LOGOTHETIS AL. Perfluoroelastomers and their functionalization[M]. Macromolecular design of polymeric materials. New York:Marcel Dekker, 1997.
[25]刘伟,朱新合,原晓城,等.吸酸剂和加工助剂对246型氟橡胶耐高温性能的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2007, 54:154~157.
[26]周琼,刘伟.硫化体系对246型氟橡胶耐高温性能的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2007, 54:35~37.
[27]平林王志成.填充纳米金刚石微粉氟橡胶高温性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2006, 35(5):55~56.
[28]金丽军,方庆红,张强,等.氟橡胶耐高温酸碱性能的研究[J].沈阳化工大学学报, 2012, 26:63~66.
[29]裴涛,程俊梅,张昱旻,等.氟醚橡胶的耐热性能研究[J].橡胶工业, 2014, 61:567~531.
[30] OTAZAGHINE B, SAUGUET L, BOUCHER M. Radical copolymerization of vinylidene fluoride with perfluoroalkylvinyl ether[J].European Polymer Journal, 2005, 41(8):1747~1756.
[31] STEFANO ARRIGONI, FABIANOMERLI. New perfluoroelastomer for seaking at low temperatures[J]. Sealing Technology,2010, 9:9~13.
[32]李振环.全氟醚橡胶的性能及应用[J].流体机械2006, 34(12):52~55.
[33] E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPONY. Low temperature perfluoroelastomers:US,5268405[P].1993-12-07.
[34] SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO.,LTD. Perfluoropolyether rubber composition and ion-conducting polymer electrolyte membrance:US,20080107950[P]. 2008-05-08.
[35] HIDENORI KOSHIKAWA,et,al.Perfluoroether elastomer for wide fluid and temperature capabilities[J]. Sealing Technology,2006, 6:7~12.
[36]吴伟.耐低温氟橡胶的研制[J].世界橡胶工业, 2002, 29(2):6~8.
[37]王珍,栗付平,边俊峰,等.氟醚橡胶的结构和高低温性能研究[J].世界橡胶工业, 2005, 32:3~11.
[38]栗付平边俊峰张洪雁.氟橡胶与氟醚橡胶的性能对比研究[J].特种橡胶制品,1998,19(4):1~3
[39]王保明,王亚明,谭锋,等.耐高低温氟醚橡胶密封材料的研制[J].润滑与密封, 2011, 36(6):79~82.
[40]张建新,李斌,兰军,等.各种单体对耐低温氟醚橡胶性能的影响[J].化工新型材料, 2011, 39(1):122~125.
[41]冯华东,赵云峰.耐低温氟橡胶性能研究[A].20l0年全因高分子材料科学与工程研讨会[C],中国南昌.2010:428~429.
[42]赵媛媛,白鲸,伍永强,等.全氟甲基乙烯基醚(PMVE)含量对氟醚橡胶性能的影响[J].新型化工材料, 2015, 43(6):94~97.
[43]邢华艳.低温氟橡胶混炼胶的配合技术探讨[J].化工生产与技术, 2013, 20(4):9~12.
[44]马海瑞,姜潮,金冰.全氟醚橡胶低温密封性能和工艺研究[J].火箭推进, 2010, 6:45~48.
[45]陈巍.橡胶材料在航空发动机上的应用[J].特种橡胶制品,2014, 35(4):74~76.
[46]赵云峰.高性能橡胶密封材料及其在航天工业上的应用[J].宇航材料工艺, 2013, 1:1~10.
[2]崔小明.氟橡胶的改性及应用研究进展[J].中国橡胶, 2015, 8(3):42~45.
[3]陈青,魏伯荣,胡小峰.氟橡胶的改性研究进展[J].特种橡胶制品, 2004, 25(2):57~61.
[4]杨清芝.现代橡胶工艺学[M].北京:中国石化出版社, 1997.
[5]朱永康.低温品种氟橡胶的长期燃油老化与热老化[J].有机氟工业, 2009(2):60~64.
[6]肖风亮.新型氟弹性体在航空密封领域内的应用进展(上)[J].世界橡胶工业, 2007, 34(5):1~6.
[7]陈如玉. F275氟橡胶耐介质性试验研究[D].南昌航空大学2015,5.
[8]肖风亮.新型氟弹性体在航空密封领域内的应用进展(下)[J].世界橡胶工业, 2007, 34(6):1~9.
[9] SUSANTA MITRAA, AFSHIN GHANBARI-SIAHKALI, PETER KINGSHOTTA, et al. Chemical degradation of fluoroelastomer in an alkaline environment[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2004, 83:195~206.
[10]赵云峰.先进高分子材料在航天工业领域的应用[J].军民两用技术与产品, 2013, 6:3~12.
[11]赵云峰,吴福迪,许文.羧基亚硝基氟橡胶的性能及应用[J].宇航材料工艺, 2009, 4:26~30.
[12]赵云峰,吴福迪,任淑媛.用于火箭液体氧化剂(N2O4)系统的新型橡胶密封材料[J].特种橡胶制品, 2000, 21(5):14~15.
[13]赵云峰,吴福迪,许文.耐N2O4新型羧基亚硝基氟橡胶密封材料性能研究[J].特种橡胶制品2009, 30(6):32~35.
[14]张铭韫.氟橡胶耐燃油及综合性能提升的研究[D]. 2012-10-25.
[15]丛川波,朱杰,李文博,等.硫化剂DCP用量对四丙氟橡胶耐腐蚀性的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2012(59):419~422.
[16]崔灿灿,周琼,丛川波.硫化剂DCP/助交联剂八乙烯基倍半硅氧烷硫化四丙氟橡胶的耐盐酸腐蚀性能研究[J].橡胶工业,2014, 63:463~466.
[17] CHUANBO C, XIAOYU M, QIONG Z. Structure and property of tetrafluoroethylene-propylene elastomer-OVPOSS composites[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2013, 130(2):1281~1288.
[18] CHUANBO C, CUI C, MENG X et al. Stability of POSS crosslinks and aggregates in tetrafluoroethylene-propylene elastomer/OVPOSS composites composed to hydrochloric acid solution[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2014, 100:29~36.
[19]朱杰,丛川波,付志明,等.填料对四丙氟橡胶耐腐蚀性能的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2011, 58:554~557.
[20] SMITH S. FLUOROELASTOMERS,BANKS RE. Preparation, properties and industrial applications of organofluorine compounds[J]. Chichester:Ellis Harwood, 1982,22(5):12414~12419.
[21] MARSHALL JB. Kalrezw-type perfluoroelastomers—synthesis,properties and applications[M]. Modern fluoropolymers. London:Wiley, 1997.
[22]刘嘉,苏正涛,栗付平.航空橡胶与密封材料[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2011.
[23] VAN CLEEFF A. Fluoroelastomers. Modern fluoropolymers[M].New York:Wiley, 1997.
[24] LOGOTHETIS AL. Perfluoroelastomers and their functionalization[M]. Macromolecular design of polymeric materials. New York:Marcel Dekker, 1997.
[25]刘伟,朱新合,原晓城,等.吸酸剂和加工助剂对246型氟橡胶耐高温性能的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2007, 54:154~157.
[26]周琼,刘伟.硫化体系对246型氟橡胶耐高温性能的影响[J].橡胶工业, 2007, 54:35~37.
[27]平林王志成.填充纳米金刚石微粉氟橡胶高温性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2006, 35(5):55~56.
[28]金丽军,方庆红,张强,等.氟橡胶耐高温酸碱性能的研究[J].沈阳化工大学学报, 2012, 26:63~66.
[29]裴涛,程俊梅,张昱旻,等.氟醚橡胶的耐热性能研究[J].橡胶工业, 2014, 61:567~531.
[30] OTAZAGHINE B, SAUGUET L, BOUCHER M. Radical copolymerization of vinylidene fluoride with perfluoroalkylvinyl ether[J].European Polymer Journal, 2005, 41(8):1747~1756.
[31] STEFANO ARRIGONI, FABIANOMERLI. New perfluoroelastomer for seaking at low temperatures[J]. Sealing Technology,2010, 9:9~13.
[32]李振环.全氟醚橡胶的性能及应用[J].流体机械2006, 34(12):52~55.
[33] E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPONY. Low temperature perfluoroelastomers:US,5268405[P].1993-12-07.
[34] SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO.,LTD. Perfluoropolyether rubber composition and ion-conducting polymer electrolyte membrance:US,20080107950[P]. 2008-05-08.
[35] HIDENORI KOSHIKAWA,et,al.Perfluoroether elastomer for wide fluid and temperature capabilities[J]. Sealing Technology,2006, 6:7~12.
[36]吴伟.耐低温氟橡胶的研制[J].世界橡胶工业, 2002, 29(2):6~8.
[37]王珍,栗付平,边俊峰,等.氟醚橡胶的结构和高低温性能研究[J].世界橡胶工业, 2005, 32:3~11.
[38]栗付平边俊峰张洪雁.氟橡胶与氟醚橡胶的性能对比研究[J].特种橡胶制品,1998,19(4):1~3
[39]王保明,王亚明,谭锋,等.耐高低温氟醚橡胶密封材料的研制[J].润滑与密封, 2011, 36(6):79~82.
[40]张建新,李斌,兰军,等.各种单体对耐低温氟醚橡胶性能的影响[J].化工新型材料, 2011, 39(1):122~125.
[41]冯华东,赵云峰.耐低温氟橡胶性能研究[A].20l0年全因高分子材料科学与工程研讨会[C],中国南昌.2010:428~429.
[42]赵媛媛,白鲸,伍永强,等.全氟甲基乙烯基醚(PMVE)含量对氟醚橡胶性能的影响[J].新型化工材料, 2015, 43(6):94~97.
[43]邢华艳.低温氟橡胶混炼胶的配合技术探讨[J].化工生产与技术, 2013, 20(4):9~12.
[44]马海瑞,姜潮,金冰.全氟醚橡胶低温密封性能和工艺研究[J].火箭推进, 2010, 6:45~48.
[45]陈巍.橡胶材料在航空发动机上的应用[J].特种橡胶制品,2014, 35(4):74~76.
[46]赵云峰.高性能橡胶密封材料及其在航天工业上的应用[J].宇航材料工艺, 2013, 1:1~10.