考虑地表荷载和孔压效应的浅埋软岩隧道稳定性上限分析
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摘要
考虑地表荷载和孔隙水等不利因素,运用Hoek-Brown破坏准则与极限分析上限法研究浅埋软岩隧道的稳定性问题。基于破坏模式,分析受力状态,根据外力功率和内能耗散率相等建立虚功率方程,得到浅埋软岩隧道围岩压力的上限解。将本文结果与规范解进行对比,良好的一致性验证了本文方法的正确性。研究结果表明:Hoek-Brown破坏准则参数、隧道埋深、洞径、地表荷载和孔隙水对围岩压力和破裂面位置均有不同程度的影响,尤其是Hoek-Brown破坏准则参数,影响非常显著。建议采用Hoek-Brown破坏准则分析计算浅埋软岩隧道的稳定性,更加合理、准确。
The stability of shallow tunnels in the soft rock mass was analyzed in the case of surface load and pore water by using Hoek-Brown failure criterion and upper bound limit analysis. After analyzing the stress state of shallow tunnels, the virtual power equation was established according to the equality of external power and internal energy dissipation and the upper bound solutions of the surrounding rock pressure were solved. The validity of the proposed method was demonstrated by comparing its results with those of tunnel design specification. The results show that, the parameters of Hoek-Brown failure criterion, tunnel depth, diameter,surface load, and pore water pressure have great influences on the surrounding rock pressure and the failure surface, especially the parameters of Hoek-Brown failure criterion. It is suggested that it is more reasonable and accurate to analyze the stability of shallow tunnels in the soft rock mass with Hoek-Brown failure criterion.
The stability of shallow tunnels in the soft rock mass was analyzed in the case of surface load and pore water by using Hoek-Brown failure criterion and upper bound limit analysis. After analyzing the stress state of shallow tunnels, the virtual power equation was established according to the equality of external power and internal energy dissipation and the upper bound solutions of the surrounding rock pressure were solved. The validity of the proposed method was demonstrated by comparing its results with those of tunnel design specification. The results show that, the parameters of Hoek-Brown failure criterion, tunnel depth, diameter,surface load, and pore water pressure have great influences on the surrounding rock pressure and the failure surface, especially the parameters of Hoek-Brown failure criterion. It is suggested that it is more reasonable and accurate to analyze the stability of shallow tunnels in the soft rock mass with Hoek-Brown failure criterion.
引文
[1]张箭,杨峰,刘志,等.浅覆盾构隧道开挖面挤出刚性锥体破坏模式极限分析[J].岩土工程学报,2014,36(7):1344-1349.ZHANG Jian,YANG Feng,LIU Zhi,et al.Threedimensional limit analysis of blow-out failure modes of shallow shield tunnels[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2014,36(7):1344-1349.
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[7]张翔,李林安,王世斌,等.考虑底部隆起的浅埋隧道围岩压力计算分析[J].应用数学和力学,2017,38(8):911-921.ZHANG Xiang,LI Linan,WANG Shibin,et al.Limit analysis of surrounding rock pressure for shallow tunnels considering floor heave[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2017,38(8):911-921.
[8]Ibrahim E,Soubra A H,Mollon G,et al.Threedimensional face stability analysis of pressurized tunnels driven in a multilayered purely frictional medium[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015,49(1):18-34.
[9]HAN K H,ZHANG C P,ZHANG D L.Upper-bound solutions for the face stability of a shield tunnel in multilayered cohesive-frictional soils[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2016,79:1-9.
[10]许渊,李亮,邹金锋,等.考虑轴向力和渗透力时圆形隧道广义Hoek-Brown解[J].岩土力学,2015,36(10):2837-2846.XU Yuan,LI Liang,ZOU Jinfeng,et al.Generalized Hoek-Brown solution of circular tunnel considering effects of axial stress and seepage force[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(10):2837-2846.
[11]Rojat F,Labiouse V,Mestat P.Improved analytical solutions for the response of underground excavations in rock masses satisfying the generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2015,79(2):193-204.
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[13]李硕标,薛亚东.Hoek-Brown准则改进及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增1):2732-2738.LI Shuobiao,XUE Yadong.Modification of Hoek-Brown criterion and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Suppl 1):2732-2738.
[14]Hoek E,Brown E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[15]YANG X L,PAN Q J.Three dimensional seismic and static stability of rock slopes[J].Geomechanics and Engineering,2015,8(1):97-111.
[16]YANG X L,LONG Z X.Seismic and static 3D stability of two-stage rock slope based on Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,53(3):551-558.
[17]Michalowski R L,Nadukuru S S.Three-dimensional limit analysis of slopes with pore pressure[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(9):1604-1610.
[18]PAN Q J,Dias D.The effect of pore water pressure on tunnel face stability[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2016,40(15):2123-2136.
[19]张标.各种不利因素下浅埋隧道稳定性的上限分析[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.ZHANG Biao.Upper bound analysis of stability of shallow tunnels for unfavorable conditions[D].Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[20]JTG D70-2004,公路隧道设计规范[S].JTG D70-2004,Code for design of road tunnel[S].
[2]许敬叔,潘秋景.盾构隧道开挖面支护力上限分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2014,11(4):80-84.XU Jingshu,PAN Qiujing.Upper bound analysis of supporting pressure for shield tunnel faces[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2014,11(4):80-84.
[3]杨峰,阳军生.浅埋隧道围岩压力确定的极限分析方法[J].工程力学,2008,25(7):179-184.YANG Feng,YANG Junsheng.Limit analysis method for determination of earth pressure on shallow tunnel[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(7):179-184.
[4]杨小礼,王作伟.非线性破坏准则下浅埋隧道围岩压力的极限分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(1):299-302.YANG Xiaoli,WANG Zuowei.Limit analysis of earth pressure on shallow tunnel using nonlinear failure criterion[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):299-302.
[5]李玉峰,彭立敏,张永红,等.线性与非线性破坏准则下浅埋隧道围岩压力计算[J].现代隧道技术,2013,50(5):68-74.LI Yufeng,PENG Limin,ZHANG Yonghong,et al.Calculations of surrounding rock pressures of shallow buried tunnels under linear and nonlinear failure criteria[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2013,50(5):68-74.
[6]郭子红,刘新荣,朱占元.浅埋隧道围岩破裂面的极限平衡分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(9):3217-3224.GUO Zihong,LIU Xinrong,ZHU Zhanyuan.Limit equilibrium analysis for shallow tunnel’s surrounding rock sliding surface[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(9):3217-3224.
[7]张翔,李林安,王世斌,等.考虑底部隆起的浅埋隧道围岩压力计算分析[J].应用数学和力学,2017,38(8):911-921.ZHANG Xiang,LI Linan,WANG Shibin,et al.Limit analysis of surrounding rock pressure for shallow tunnels considering floor heave[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2017,38(8):911-921.
[8]Ibrahim E,Soubra A H,Mollon G,et al.Threedimensional face stability analysis of pressurized tunnels driven in a multilayered purely frictional medium[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015,49(1):18-34.
[9]HAN K H,ZHANG C P,ZHANG D L.Upper-bound solutions for the face stability of a shield tunnel in multilayered cohesive-frictional soils[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2016,79:1-9.
[10]许渊,李亮,邹金锋,等.考虑轴向力和渗透力时圆形隧道广义Hoek-Brown解[J].岩土力学,2015,36(10):2837-2846.XU Yuan,LI Liang,ZOU Jinfeng,et al.Generalized Hoek-Brown solution of circular tunnel considering effects of axial stress and seepage force[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(10):2837-2846.
[11]Rojat F,Labiouse V,Mestat P.Improved analytical solutions for the response of underground excavations in rock masses satisfying the generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2015,79(2):193-204.
[12]Hoek E,Carranza-Torres C,Corkum B.Hoek-Brown failure criterion-2002 edition[J].Proceedings of NARMS-Tac,2002(1):267-273.
[13]李硕标,薛亚东.Hoek-Brown准则改进及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增1):2732-2738.LI Shuobiao,XUE Yadong.Modification of Hoek-Brown criterion and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(Suppl 1):2732-2738.
[14]Hoek E,Brown E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[15]YANG X L,PAN Q J.Three dimensional seismic and static stability of rock slopes[J].Geomechanics and Engineering,2015,8(1):97-111.
[16]YANG X L,LONG Z X.Seismic and static 3D stability of two-stage rock slope based on Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2016,53(3):551-558.
[17]Michalowski R L,Nadukuru S S.Three-dimensional limit analysis of slopes with pore pressure[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2013,139(9):1604-1610.
[18]PAN Q J,Dias D.The effect of pore water pressure on tunnel face stability[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2016,40(15):2123-2136.
[19]张标.各种不利因素下浅埋隧道稳定性的上限分析[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.ZHANG Biao.Upper bound analysis of stability of shallow tunnels for unfavorable conditions[D].Changsha:Central South University,2014.
[20]JTG D70-2004,公路隧道设计规范[S].JTG D70-2004,Code for design of road tunnel[S].