金红石浮选药剂研究进展
|
摘要
浮选是金红石选别的重要手段,为了促进金红石选矿技术的进步,从捕收剂、调整剂两方面对金红石浮选药剂进行了梳理、总结。金红石浮选的主要捕收剂为脂肪酸类、膦酸类、胂酸类、羟肟酸类等,在生产实践中,各类捕收剂均存在一定的局限性;调整剂包括活化剂和抑制剂,活化剂主要有硝酸铅,通过增强矿石表面钛质点的活性来活化金红石;抑制剂主要为反浮选抑制金红石的硫酸铝和糊精,以及抑制脉石矿物的六偏磷酸钠、氟硅酸钠和羧甲基纤维素(钠)等。对浮选药剂种类及其在矿物表面作用机理的分析,可加深对金红石矿浮选药剂的认识,为选矿工作者提供技术参考。
Flotation has been proved is an effective method for beneficiating rutile and has been widely used in practice.Rutile flotation reagents were reviewed and summarized from two aspects,including collectors and regulators. Although the rutile collectors,such as fatty acid,phosphonic acid,arsonic acid and hydroximic acid,are commonly used in practice,they also have certain disadvantages. Regulators mainly include the activators and depressants. The main activator is lead nitrate which active the rutile by enhancing activity of titanium particles on the mineral surface. The depressants mainly contain aluminum sulfate and dextrin which inhibit the rutile in reverse flotation,while sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium fluosilicate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose inhibit the gangue mineral. The analysis on the types of flotation reagents and their action mechanism on mineral surface can enhance the understanding of flotation reagents of rutile,and provide technical reference for ore dressing workers.
Flotation has been proved is an effective method for beneficiating rutile and has been widely used in practice.Rutile flotation reagents were reviewed and summarized from two aspects,including collectors and regulators. Although the rutile collectors,such as fatty acid,phosphonic acid,arsonic acid and hydroximic acid,are commonly used in practice,they also have certain disadvantages. Regulators mainly include the activators and depressants. The main activator is lead nitrate which active the rutile by enhancing activity of titanium particles on the mineral surface. The depressants mainly contain aluminum sulfate and dextrin which inhibit the rutile in reverse flotation,while sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium fluosilicate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose inhibit the gangue mineral. The analysis on the types of flotation reagents and their action mechanism on mineral surface can enhance the understanding of flotation reagents of rutile,and provide technical reference for ore dressing workers.
引文
[1]程宏伟,董栋,何兰军.金红石选矿技术研究进展[J].矿产保护与利用,2016(3):57-61.Cheng Hongwei,Dong Dong,He Lanjun.Research progress on the mineral processing technology of rutile[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,2016(3):57-61.
[2]马维平,程晓哲,杜剑桥,等.国内外金红石生产现状及需求分析[J].材料导报,2014(S2):150-152.Ma Weiping,Cheng Xiaozhe,Du Jianqiao,et al.Analysis on current situation of domestic and foreign rutile production and demand[J].Materials Review,2014(S2):150-152.
[3]李钟模.国内外金红石矿资源开发利用现状[J].化工矿物与加工,2006(2):46-47.Li Zhongmo.Development and utilization of rutile mineral resources in China and abroad[J],2006(2):46-47.
[4]吴贤,张健,康新婷,等.我国金红石矿资源分布、开发及技术现状[J].稀有金属,2007(z1):146-150.Wu Xian,Zhang Jian,Kang Xinting,et al.Exploiture and actualities of technique of rutile mineral resources in China[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2007(z1):146-150.
[5]张云,管永诗,田玉珍.我国金红石矿资源开发利用现状[J].矿产保护与利用,2000(5):27-30.Zhang Yun,Guan Yongshi,Tian Yuzhen.The exploitation and utilization of natural rutile in China[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,2000(5):27-30.
[6]吴贤,张健.我国大型原生金红石矿的选矿工艺[J].稀有金属快报,2006(8):5-10.Wu Xian,Zhang Jian.The summary of miner al processing technology in largescale primary rutile ore of Our Country[J].Rare Metals Letters,2006(8):5-10.
[7]王军,程宏伟,赵红波,等.油酸钠作用下金红石的浮选行为及作用机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,(3):820-825.Wang Jun,Cheng Hongwei,Zhao Hongbo,et al.Flotation behavior and mechanism of rutile in presence of sodium oleate[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014(3):820-825.
[8]朱玉霜,朱建光.浮选药剂的化学原理[M].北京:中南大学出版社,1996.Zhu Yushuang,Zhu Jianguang.The Chemical Principle of Flotation Reagents[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,1996.
[9]张教伍.在油酸钠溶液中醇、酮和醚的协同作用和对抗作用[J].国外金属矿选矿,1977(6):49-50.Zhang Jiaowu.The synergistic effect and antagonism of alcohols、ketones and ethers in sodium oleate solution[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,1977(6):49-50.
[10]梁景晖,张良宋.河南某地金红石矿选矿研究[J].化工矿山技术,1992(1):33-35.Liang Jinghui,Zhang Liangsong.Study on beneficiation of rutile from a certain mine in Henan province[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1992(1):33-35.
[11]杜岩.烷胺双甲基膦酸浮选金红石的研究[J].矿冶工程,1993(2):34-38.Du Yan.Flotation separation of rutile using alkyl amine dimethyl phosphonic acid[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1993(2):34-38.
[12]彭勇军,许时,刘奇.复合捕收剂浮选原生金红石矿的研究[J].有色金属,1995(2):34-40.Peng Yongjun,Xu Shi,Liu Qi.Study of flotation of a hard-rock rutile using composite collectors[J].Nonferrous Metals,1995(2):34-40.
[13]林强,杨晓玲,王淀佐.二烃基硫代次膦酸对某些硫化矿的捕收性能研究[J].有色矿冶,1997(2):17-20.Lin Qiang,Yang Xiaoling,Wang Dianzuo.The study on collecting property of the dialkyl/acryl-thiophosphinic acid for sulphide ore[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,1997(2):17-20.
[14]刘均彪,崔林.钛铁矿、金红石的浮选理论及实践[J].有色金属,1987(2):34-40.Liu Junbiao,Cui Lin.Flotation theory and practice of ilmenite and rutile[J].Nonferrous Metals,1987(2):34-40.
[15]朱建光.浮选金红石用的捕收剂和调整剂[J].国外金属矿选矿,2008(2):3-8.Zhu Jianguang.The collectors and regulators of rutile flotation[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2008(2):3-8.
[16]李晔,许时.提高胂酸对金红石浮选性能的研究[J].中国矿业,1997(2):58-61.Li Ye,Xu Shi.A study on promoting thecollection performance of arsenic acid in rutile flotation[J].China Mining Magazine,1997(2):58-61.
[17]姬俊梅.烷基羟肟酸盐与铌铁金红石的作用机理研究[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2004(4):42-45.Ji Junmei.Study on the reaction mechanism between ilmenorutile and alkylhydroxyoximate[J].Nonferrous Metals Mieral Processing Section,2004(4):42-45.
[18]贺智明,董雍赓.水杨氧肟酸浮选金红石的机理研究[J].矿产保护与利用,1995(1):25-29.He Zhiming,Dong Yonggeng.Flotation mechanism of rutile of using salicyl hydroxamic acid[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,1995(1):25-29
[19]高利坤.微细粒难选金红石矿的选矿试验研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2003.Gao Likun.The Experimental Research on Mineral Processing of Fine Grain Refractory Rutile[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2003.
[20]刘长生.金红石的浮选实验研究[J].矿产综合利用,1992(5):1-5.Liu Changsheng.The floatation experiment of rutile[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,1992(5):1-5.
[21]贺智明,董雍赓,孙笈.铅离子对水杨氧肟酸浮选金红石的活化作用研究[J].有色金属,1994(4):43-48.He Zhiming,Dong Yonggeng,Sun Ji.Activation of lead ion in flotation of rutile with salicylic hydroxamic acid as collector[J].Nonferrous Metals,1994(4):43-48.
[22]丁浩.金红石与磷灰石浮选分离中硫酸铝的作用研究[J].化工矿山技术,1997(3):13-16.Ding Hao.Study on mechanism of aluminum sulfate in separating from apatite by flotation process[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1997(3):13-16.
[23]丁浩,崔林.六偏磷酸钠在金红石与硅钙质矿物浮选分离中的作用机理[J].有色金属,1991(4):33-40.Ding Hao,Cui Lin.Mechanism of sodium hexametaphosphate used in separating rutile from calcium and silicon gangue minerals[J].Nonferrous Metals,1991(4):33-40.
[24]崔林,刘均彪.金红石和石榴石浮选分离的研究[J].化工矿山技术,1986(5):32-34.Cui Lin,Liu Junbiao.Study on the flotation separation of rutile and garne[tJ].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1986(5):32-34.
[25]徐玉琴,欧阳坚,卢寿慈.金红石与一水硬铝石的浮选分离[J].矿产综合利用,1996(4):1-15.Xu Yuqin,Ouyang Jian,Lu Shouci.The flotation separation of rutile and diaspore[J]Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,1996,(4):1-15.
[26]岳铁兵.细粒金红石的浮选分离研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2006.Yue Tiebing.The Study on the Flotation Separation of Fine Rutile[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2006.
[27]赵西泽.西安户县金红石矿地质特征及矿石选矿试验[J].非金属矿,1995(6):14-16.Zhao Xize.The experimental research on mineral processing and geological characteristics of rutile in Xian Huxian[J].Non-Metallic Mines,1995(6):14-16.
[28]朱建光,周箐.钛铁矿、金红石和稀土选矿技术[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2009.Zhu Jianguang,Zhou Qing.The Mineral Processing Technology of Rutile and Rare Earth[J].Changsha:Central South University Press,2009.
[29]李晔,刘奇,许时.矿物表面金属离子组分与糊精的相互作用(Ⅲ)──糊精存在时萤石/方解石/萤石/金红石的浮选分离[J].化工矿物与加工,1994(6):23-25.Li Ye,Liu Qi,Xu Shi.Separations of fluorite/calcite and fluorite/rutile in the presence of dextrin[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1994(6):23-25.
[30]Chachula F,Liu Q.Upgrading a rutile concentrate produced from Athabasca oil sands tailings[J].Fuel,2003(8):929-942.
[31]朱玉霜,朱建光.浮选药剂的化学原理[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,1996.Zhu Yushuang,Zhu Jianguang.The Chemical Principle of Flotation Reagents[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,1996.
[2]马维平,程晓哲,杜剑桥,等.国内外金红石生产现状及需求分析[J].材料导报,2014(S2):150-152.Ma Weiping,Cheng Xiaozhe,Du Jianqiao,et al.Analysis on current situation of domestic and foreign rutile production and demand[J].Materials Review,2014(S2):150-152.
[3]李钟模.国内外金红石矿资源开发利用现状[J].化工矿物与加工,2006(2):46-47.Li Zhongmo.Development and utilization of rutile mineral resources in China and abroad[J],2006(2):46-47.
[4]吴贤,张健,康新婷,等.我国金红石矿资源分布、开发及技术现状[J].稀有金属,2007(z1):146-150.Wu Xian,Zhang Jian,Kang Xinting,et al.Exploiture and actualities of technique of rutile mineral resources in China[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2007(z1):146-150.
[5]张云,管永诗,田玉珍.我国金红石矿资源开发利用现状[J].矿产保护与利用,2000(5):27-30.Zhang Yun,Guan Yongshi,Tian Yuzhen.The exploitation and utilization of natural rutile in China[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,2000(5):27-30.
[6]吴贤,张健.我国大型原生金红石矿的选矿工艺[J].稀有金属快报,2006(8):5-10.Wu Xian,Zhang Jian.The summary of miner al processing technology in largescale primary rutile ore of Our Country[J].Rare Metals Letters,2006(8):5-10.
[7]王军,程宏伟,赵红波,等.油酸钠作用下金红石的浮选行为及作用机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,(3):820-825.Wang Jun,Cheng Hongwei,Zhao Hongbo,et al.Flotation behavior and mechanism of rutile in presence of sodium oleate[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014(3):820-825.
[8]朱玉霜,朱建光.浮选药剂的化学原理[M].北京:中南大学出版社,1996.Zhu Yushuang,Zhu Jianguang.The Chemical Principle of Flotation Reagents[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,1996.
[9]张教伍.在油酸钠溶液中醇、酮和醚的协同作用和对抗作用[J].国外金属矿选矿,1977(6):49-50.Zhang Jiaowu.The synergistic effect and antagonism of alcohols、ketones and ethers in sodium oleate solution[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,1977(6):49-50.
[10]梁景晖,张良宋.河南某地金红石矿选矿研究[J].化工矿山技术,1992(1):33-35.Liang Jinghui,Zhang Liangsong.Study on beneficiation of rutile from a certain mine in Henan province[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1992(1):33-35.
[11]杜岩.烷胺双甲基膦酸浮选金红石的研究[J].矿冶工程,1993(2):34-38.Du Yan.Flotation separation of rutile using alkyl amine dimethyl phosphonic acid[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1993(2):34-38.
[12]彭勇军,许时,刘奇.复合捕收剂浮选原生金红石矿的研究[J].有色金属,1995(2):34-40.Peng Yongjun,Xu Shi,Liu Qi.Study of flotation of a hard-rock rutile using composite collectors[J].Nonferrous Metals,1995(2):34-40.
[13]林强,杨晓玲,王淀佐.二烃基硫代次膦酸对某些硫化矿的捕收性能研究[J].有色矿冶,1997(2):17-20.Lin Qiang,Yang Xiaoling,Wang Dianzuo.The study on collecting property of the dialkyl/acryl-thiophosphinic acid for sulphide ore[J].Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy,1997(2):17-20.
[14]刘均彪,崔林.钛铁矿、金红石的浮选理论及实践[J].有色金属,1987(2):34-40.Liu Junbiao,Cui Lin.Flotation theory and practice of ilmenite and rutile[J].Nonferrous Metals,1987(2):34-40.
[15]朱建光.浮选金红石用的捕收剂和调整剂[J].国外金属矿选矿,2008(2):3-8.Zhu Jianguang.The collectors and regulators of rutile flotation[J].Metallic Ore Dressing Abroad,2008(2):3-8.
[16]李晔,许时.提高胂酸对金红石浮选性能的研究[J].中国矿业,1997(2):58-61.Li Ye,Xu Shi.A study on promoting thecollection performance of arsenic acid in rutile flotation[J].China Mining Magazine,1997(2):58-61.
[17]姬俊梅.烷基羟肟酸盐与铌铁金红石的作用机理研究[J].有色金属:选矿部分,2004(4):42-45.Ji Junmei.Study on the reaction mechanism between ilmenorutile and alkylhydroxyoximate[J].Nonferrous Metals Mieral Processing Section,2004(4):42-45.
[18]贺智明,董雍赓.水杨氧肟酸浮选金红石的机理研究[J].矿产保护与利用,1995(1):25-29.He Zhiming,Dong Yonggeng.Flotation mechanism of rutile of using salicyl hydroxamic acid[J].Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources,1995(1):25-29
[19]高利坤.微细粒难选金红石矿的选矿试验研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2003.Gao Likun.The Experimental Research on Mineral Processing of Fine Grain Refractory Rutile[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2003.
[20]刘长生.金红石的浮选实验研究[J].矿产综合利用,1992(5):1-5.Liu Changsheng.The floatation experiment of rutile[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,1992(5):1-5.
[21]贺智明,董雍赓,孙笈.铅离子对水杨氧肟酸浮选金红石的活化作用研究[J].有色金属,1994(4):43-48.He Zhiming,Dong Yonggeng,Sun Ji.Activation of lead ion in flotation of rutile with salicylic hydroxamic acid as collector[J].Nonferrous Metals,1994(4):43-48.
[22]丁浩.金红石与磷灰石浮选分离中硫酸铝的作用研究[J].化工矿山技术,1997(3):13-16.Ding Hao.Study on mechanism of aluminum sulfate in separating from apatite by flotation process[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1997(3):13-16.
[23]丁浩,崔林.六偏磷酸钠在金红石与硅钙质矿物浮选分离中的作用机理[J].有色金属,1991(4):33-40.Ding Hao,Cui Lin.Mechanism of sodium hexametaphosphate used in separating rutile from calcium and silicon gangue minerals[J].Nonferrous Metals,1991(4):33-40.
[24]崔林,刘均彪.金红石和石榴石浮选分离的研究[J].化工矿山技术,1986(5):32-34.Cui Lin,Liu Junbiao.Study on the flotation separation of rutile and garne[tJ].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1986(5):32-34.
[25]徐玉琴,欧阳坚,卢寿慈.金红石与一水硬铝石的浮选分离[J].矿产综合利用,1996(4):1-15.Xu Yuqin,Ouyang Jian,Lu Shouci.The flotation separation of rutile and diaspore[J]Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,1996,(4):1-15.
[26]岳铁兵.细粒金红石的浮选分离研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2006.Yue Tiebing.The Study on the Flotation Separation of Fine Rutile[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2006.
[27]赵西泽.西安户县金红石矿地质特征及矿石选矿试验[J].非金属矿,1995(6):14-16.Zhao Xize.The experimental research on mineral processing and geological characteristics of rutile in Xian Huxian[J].Non-Metallic Mines,1995(6):14-16.
[28]朱建光,周箐.钛铁矿、金红石和稀土选矿技术[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2009.Zhu Jianguang,Zhou Qing.The Mineral Processing Technology of Rutile and Rare Earth[J].Changsha:Central South University Press,2009.
[29]李晔,刘奇,许时.矿物表面金属离子组分与糊精的相互作用(Ⅲ)──糊精存在时萤石/方解石/萤石/金红石的浮选分离[J].化工矿物与加工,1994(6):23-25.Li Ye,Liu Qi,Xu Shi.Separations of fluorite/calcite and fluorite/rutile in the presence of dextrin[J].Industrial Minerals&Processing,1994(6):23-25.
[30]Chachula F,Liu Q.Upgrading a rutile concentrate produced from Athabasca oil sands tailings[J].Fuel,2003(8):929-942.
[31]朱玉霜,朱建光.浮选药剂的化学原理[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,1996.Zhu Yushuang,Zhu Jianguang.The Chemical Principle of Flotation Reagents[M].Changsha:Central South University Press,1996.