外商投资、物流业环境技术效率的时空演化与门槛特征
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摘要
本文在对我国大陆30个省份2007-2016年物流业环境技术效率的测度基础之上,利用空间面板模型系统考察我国物流业环境技术效率的空间演化特征,建立门槛物流业环境技术效率影响模型,探析在不同的区域经济和物流业规模门槛下,外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的影响,研究发现:我国物流业环境技术效率处于较低水平,环境技术效率为0.446,从时间序列观察,考虑能源投入和污染物排放的环境技术效率呈现先降低后上升的"U"型变化。2007年至2016年我国四大经济区域物流业环境技术效率也存在着区域差异,东部最高,中部其次,西部和东北部物流业环境技术效率较低;从空间演化特征来看,2007-2016年各省环境技术效率表现出空间正相关性,即空间集聚,环境技术效率整体上倾向于遵循相对明确的空间分布模式,有相当数量省级区域环境技术效率在空间上是集聚的。外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的影响并不是单调的促进或制约,在区域物流业规模较小,外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的影响为正,物流业规模高于门槛时,外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的影响为负。在经济发展水平不同的区域,外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的影响不同,外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的影响,随着经济发展水平的不断提升而影响加剧,当区域经济发展到较高水平时,外商投资对物流业环境技术效率的促进作用又会减弱。
In this paper, we researched and analyzed the environmental technical efficiency of logistics industries from 2007 to 2016, and these industries are distributed in more than 30 provinces in our country. We Utilized the spatial panel model system to investigate the spatial evolution characteristics of environmental technology efficiency of China's logistics industry.Then we established threshold model used to represent FDI effect on environmental technical efficiency, and analyzed spillover effect on environmental technical efficiency from FDI under the condition in different regional economy and logistics industry scale. The research results show that the overall level of China's logistics environmental technical efficiency is low. From the time series, considering the energy input and pollutant emissions, environmental technology efficiency first decreases and then increases, showing "U" type of change. of which,the highest environmental technical efficiency is in eastern area, the second is in central area, and the lowest is in the West and Northeast. From the view of spatial evolution, the environmental technology efficiency of the provinces in 2007-2016 showed a positive correlation, This means it's space cluster. The overall environmental technical efficiency tends to follow a relatively clear spatial distribution pattern. Most of the provincial regional environmental technical efficiency is in the space gathering. The influence of FDI on the environmental technology efficiency of logistics industry is not a monotonous promotion or restriction, In the area of logistics industry is small, the impact of FDI on logistics industry environmental technology efficiency is positive, but when the scale of logistics industry is higher than the threshold, the impact of FDI on logistics industry's environmental technology efficiency is negative. In different economic development level, the influence of FDI on environmental technology efficiency is different, With the continuous improvement of the level of economic development, the impact of FDI is increasing, When the regional economic development to a higher level, the promotion of the role of FDI will weaken.
In this paper, we researched and analyzed the environmental technical efficiency of logistics industries from 2007 to 2016, and these industries are distributed in more than 30 provinces in our country. We Utilized the spatial panel model system to investigate the spatial evolution characteristics of environmental technology efficiency of China's logistics industry.Then we established threshold model used to represent FDI effect on environmental technical efficiency, and analyzed spillover effect on environmental technical efficiency from FDI under the condition in different regional economy and logistics industry scale. The research results show that the overall level of China's logistics environmental technical efficiency is low. From the time series, considering the energy input and pollutant emissions, environmental technology efficiency first decreases and then increases, showing "U" type of change. of which,the highest environmental technical efficiency is in eastern area, the second is in central area, and the lowest is in the West and Northeast. From the view of spatial evolution, the environmental technology efficiency of the provinces in 2007-2016 showed a positive correlation, This means it's space cluster. The overall environmental technical efficiency tends to follow a relatively clear spatial distribution pattern. Most of the provincial regional environmental technical efficiency is in the space gathering. The influence of FDI on the environmental technology efficiency of logistics industry is not a monotonous promotion or restriction, In the area of logistics industry is small, the impact of FDI on logistics industry environmental technology efficiency is positive, but when the scale of logistics industry is higher than the threshold, the impact of FDI on logistics industry's environmental technology efficiency is negative. In different economic development level, the influence of FDI on environmental technology efficiency is different, With the continuous improvement of the level of economic development, the impact of FDI is increasing, When the regional economic development to a higher level, the promotion of the role of FDI will weaken.
引文
[1]吴代红,王小华. FDI、对外开放对地区经济发展的影响研究[J].南京财经大学学报,2012(4):1-9.
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[5]綦建红,魏庆广,鞠磊. FDI、金融市场与经济增长:地区差异及门槛效应[J].产业经济评论,2009(3):91-106.
[6]田刚,孙立成,程发新,郭本海.中国物流业节能减排效率及其影响因素研究[J].工业工程与管理,2015,20(05):14-20.
[7]李晓梅,白雪飞.基于超效率CCR-DEA的国有物流企业绩效实证分析——基于16家上市物流企业的样本数据[J].
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[9]肖斌,程晓静.广东省物流业区域效率差异与影响因素分析[J].商业经济研究,2018(02):85-88.
[10]乔美华,卞艺杰,王惠.物流业能源效率对碳排放的门槛效应分析[J].铁道运输与经济,2017,39(12):100-105.
[11]袁丹,雷宏振.丝绸之路经济带物流业效率及其影响因素[J].中国流通经济,2015,29(02):14-20.
[12]王琴梅,谭翠娥.对西安市物流效率及其影响因素的实证研究——基于DEA模型和Tobit回归模型的分析[J].软科学,2013,27(05):70-74.
[13]王育红,刘琪.基于Super-SBM模型的长江经济带物流效率测度研究[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(05):72-77.
[14]吴旭晓.经济大省物流业效率动态演化及其影响因素[J].中国流通经济,2015,29(03):24-31.
[15]赵宇,李剑.我国物流产业集聚的空间效率与区域差异[J].经济问题,2016(12):65-70.
[16]倪超军,李俊凤.供给侧改革视角下我国物流业的技术效率评价——基于生产前沿模型和β收敛的实证[J].工业技术经济,2016,35(12):115-122.
[17]连兆大,程德通.基于DEA模型的“一带一路”重点省份物流效率分析[J].商业经济研究,2017(04):80-82.
[18]范建平,肖慧,樊晓宏.考虑非期望产出的改进EBM-DEA三阶段模型——基于中国省际物流业效率的实证分析[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(08):166-174.
[19]刘承良,管明明.低碳约束下中国物流业效率的空间演化及影响因素[J].地理科学,2017,37(12):1805-1814.
[20]张宝友,朱卫平,孟丽君.物流产业效率评价及与FDI质量相关性分析——基于2002—2011年数据的实证[J].经济地理,2013,33(01):105-111+125.
[21]田刚,孙立成,程发新,郭本海.中国物流业节能减排效率及其影响因素研究[J].工业工程与管理,2015,20(05):14-20.
[22]李振杰.外商投资质量对我国物流产业效率影响的测算[J].统计与决策,2015(07):98-101.
[23]谢长伟,张冬平. FDI对物流业技术溢出效应的实证研究——以河南省为例[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2010,35(02):110-116.
[24]姚娟,庄玉良.外商直接投资对我国地区物流发展水平的影响研究[J].世界经济研究,2012(07):60-66+89.
[25]赵宇,李剑.我国物流产业集聚的空间效率与区域差异[J].经济问题,2016(12):65-70.
[26]梁雯,张伟,秦胜杰.物流业FDI空间集聚影响因素研究[J].统计与决策,2016(15):138-142.
[27] Tone K·Slacks based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis[J].European Journal of operational Research,2001(130):498-509.
[28]王惠,卞艺杰.农业生产效率、农业碳排放的动态演进与门槛特征[J].农村技术经济,2015(6):36-47.
[29]马晓冬,朱传耿,马荣华,等.苏州地区城镇扩展的空间格局及其演化分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(4):405-416.
[30] Hansen B E.Threshold Effect in Non-Dynamic Panels:Estimation,Testing,and inference[J]. Journal of Econometrics,1999(83):345-368.
[2]彭锻炼. FDI与公共支出促进经济增长的实证分析[J].2007(3):18-22.
[3]何元庆.对外开放与TFP增长:基于中国省际面板数据的经验研究[J].经济学(季刊),2007(4):1127-1142.
[4]刘渝琳,温怀德.经济增长下的FDI、环境污染损失与人力资本[J].世界经济研究,2007(11):48-55.
[5]綦建红,魏庆广,鞠磊. FDI、金融市场与经济增长:地区差异及门槛效应[J].产业经济评论,2009(3):91-106.
[6]田刚,孙立成,程发新,郭本海.中国物流业节能减排效率及其影响因素研究[J].工业工程与管理,2015,20(05):14-20.
[7]李晓梅,白雪飞.基于超效率CCR-DEA的国有物流企业绩效实证分析——基于16家上市物流企业的样本数据[J].
[8]张立国,李东,龚爱清.中国物流业全要素能源效率动态变动及区域差异分析[J].资源科学,2015,37(04):754-763.
[9]肖斌,程晓静.广东省物流业区域效率差异与影响因素分析[J].商业经济研究,2018(02):85-88.
[10]乔美华,卞艺杰,王惠.物流业能源效率对碳排放的门槛效应分析[J].铁道运输与经济,2017,39(12):100-105.
[11]袁丹,雷宏振.丝绸之路经济带物流业效率及其影响因素[J].中国流通经济,2015,29(02):14-20.
[12]王琴梅,谭翠娥.对西安市物流效率及其影响因素的实证研究——基于DEA模型和Tobit回归模型的分析[J].软科学,2013,27(05):70-74.
[13]王育红,刘琪.基于Super-SBM模型的长江经济带物流效率测度研究[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(05):72-77.
[14]吴旭晓.经济大省物流业效率动态演化及其影响因素[J].中国流通经济,2015,29(03):24-31.
[15]赵宇,李剑.我国物流产业集聚的空间效率与区域差异[J].经济问题,2016(12):65-70.
[16]倪超军,李俊凤.供给侧改革视角下我国物流业的技术效率评价——基于生产前沿模型和β收敛的实证[J].工业技术经济,2016,35(12):115-122.
[17]连兆大,程德通.基于DEA模型的“一带一路”重点省份物流效率分析[J].商业经济研究,2017(04):80-82.
[18]范建平,肖慧,樊晓宏.考虑非期望产出的改进EBM-DEA三阶段模型——基于中国省际物流业效率的实证分析[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(08):166-174.
[19]刘承良,管明明.低碳约束下中国物流业效率的空间演化及影响因素[J].地理科学,2017,37(12):1805-1814.
[20]张宝友,朱卫平,孟丽君.物流产业效率评价及与FDI质量相关性分析——基于2002—2011年数据的实证[J].经济地理,2013,33(01):105-111+125.
[21]田刚,孙立成,程发新,郭本海.中国物流业节能减排效率及其影响因素研究[J].工业工程与管理,2015,20(05):14-20.
[22]李振杰.外商投资质量对我国物流产业效率影响的测算[J].统计与决策,2015(07):98-101.
[23]谢长伟,张冬平. FDI对物流业技术溢出效应的实证研究——以河南省为例[J].昆明理工大学学报(理工版),2010,35(02):110-116.
[24]姚娟,庄玉良.外商直接投资对我国地区物流发展水平的影响研究[J].世界经济研究,2012(07):60-66+89.
[25]赵宇,李剑.我国物流产业集聚的空间效率与区域差异[J].经济问题,2016(12):65-70.
[26]梁雯,张伟,秦胜杰.物流业FDI空间集聚影响因素研究[J].统计与决策,2016(15):138-142.
[27] Tone K·Slacks based measure of efficiency in data envelopment analysis[J].European Journal of operational Research,2001(130):498-509.
[28]王惠,卞艺杰.农业生产效率、农业碳排放的动态演进与门槛特征[J].农村技术经济,2015(6):36-47.
[29]马晓冬,朱传耿,马荣华,等.苏州地区城镇扩展的空间格局及其演化分析[J].地理学报,2008,63(4):405-416.
[30] Hansen B E.Threshold Effect in Non-Dynamic Panels:Estimation,Testing,and inference[J]. Journal of Econometrics,1999(83):345-368.