运载火箭发射场无人值守加注发射技术研究
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摘要
针对我国火箭在发射场射前操作项目多、保障人员多的问题,分析了国内外火箭发射场无人值守加注发射的现状。结合火箭射前状态,从火箭系统、地面测发控系统和发射场系统等方面提出了无人值守加注发射总体方案,通过火箭状态远程监测及故障处理技术、连接器零秒脱落技术、箭地接口组合连接技术、连接器自动对接技术和火工品自动短路保护与解保技术等关键技术研究,可提高人员和产品的安全性,为后续我国火箭实现无人值守加注发射提供参考。
In view of the problem that there are many operation items and support personnel before launching a rocket, the present status of the unattended loading and launching technology of Chinese and foreign rockets is introduced. According to the status before launching a rocket, the overall scheme of the unattended loading and launching is put forward from the aspects of the launch vehicle system,the ground test and launch control system, and the launch site system etc. Through the research on the key technologies such as remote monitoring of rocket state and fault handling technology, zero second separation technology of connector, combination connection technology of rocket-ground interface, connector automatic docking technology, and automatic short-circuit protection and arming technology of initiating explosive device, the safety of personnel and products can be improved, which provides references for Chinese rockets to realize unattended loading and launching in the future.
In view of the problem that there are many operation items and support personnel before launching a rocket, the present status of the unattended loading and launching technology of Chinese and foreign rockets is introduced. According to the status before launching a rocket, the overall scheme of the unattended loading and launching is put forward from the aspects of the launch vehicle system,the ground test and launch control system, and the launch site system etc. Through the research on the key technologies such as remote monitoring of rocket state and fault handling technology, zero second separation technology of connector, combination connection technology of rocket-ground interface, connector automatic docking technology, and automatic short-circuit protection and arming technology of initiating explosive device, the safety of personnel and products can be improved, which provides references for Chinese rockets to realize unattended loading and launching in the future.
引文
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[2] 《世界航天运载器大全》编委会.世界航天运载器大全(第2版)[M].北京:中国宇航出版社,2007:600-619.
[3] Space X.Falcon 9 launch vehicle payload user’s guide(Rev 2)[M].Space Exploration Technologies Corporation,2015.
[4] 文隆枝.阿里安5运载器的发射与操作设备[J].导弹与航天运载技术,1995,4:64-74.[Wen Long-zhi.The ariane 5 launch and operation facilities[J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,1995,4:64-74.]
[5] 张万周.旋风号火箭的设计和今后发展[J].导弹与航天运载技术,1995,3:1-6.[Zhang Wan-zhou.Cyclone rocket and its development[J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,1995,3:1-6.]
[6] 周媛.天顶号运载火箭的发射方式研究[J].飞航导弹,2017,5:15-17.[Zhou Yuan.Research on launching mode of zenith launch vehicle[J].Aerodynamic Missile Journal,2017,5:15-17.]
[7] 闻靖,顿向明,张育林,等.推进剂加注自动对接与脱离机器人技术现状与发展趋势研究[J].机器人技术与应用,2010,6:20-23.[Wen Jing,Dun Xiang-ming,Zhang Yu-lin,et al.The current stage and development trend of auto-docking and auto-separate robot technology for the rocket propellant fueling[J].Robot Technique and Application,2010,6:20-23.]
[8] 黄小妮,顿向明,张育林,等.运载火箭推进剂加注自动对接与脱离机器人本体设计[J].机器人,2010,32(2):145-149.[Huang Xiao-ni,Dun Xiang-ming,Zhang Yu-lin,et al.The auto-docking and auto-separating mechanism designed for the rocket fuel loading[J].Robot,2010,32(2):145-149.]
[9] 赵帅锋,顿向明,张育林,等.运载火箭推进剂加注自动对接与脱离机器人自动上箭模块控制系统的设计与实验[J].机器人,2012,32(3):307-313.[Zhao Shuai-feng,Dun Xiang-ming,Zhang Yu-lin,et al.Design and experiment of the control system for automatic rocket-attaching module of auto-docking and auto-separating robot for launch vehicle propellant loading[J].Robot,2012,32(3):307-313.]
[10] 郑国昆,王小军,李道平.基于运载火箭加泄连接器自动对接系统的控制流程研究[J].导弹与航天运载技术,2015,1:25-28.[Zheng Guo-kun,Wang Xiao-jun,Li Dao-ping.Study on control flow based on auto-docking system of launch vehicle fuel connector[J].Missiles and Space Vehicles,2015,1:25-28.]
[11] 张晨光,安雪岩,易航,等.运载火箭组装与测试远程协同信息平台技术[J].宇航学报,2014,35(8):901-907.[Zhang Chen-guang,An Xue-yan,Yi Hang,et al.Remote collab-oration information platform technique for assembly and test of launch vehicle[J].Journal of Astronautics,2014,35(8):901-907.]
[12] 宋征宇.运载火箭远程故障诊断技术综述[J].宇航学报,2016,37(2):135-144.[Song Zheng-yu.The survey of launch vehicle long distance fault diagnosis technique[J].Journal of Astronautics,2016,37(2):135-144.]
[13] 崔二巍.运载火箭集成式自动对接脱落连接器研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2014.[Cui Er-wei.Research of launch vehicle integrated automatic docking and undocking connector[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2014.]