高海拔酒杯塔中复合绝缘子短尾波冲击闪络特性
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摘要
准确评估输电线路耐雷性能对电网的安全和经济运行有重大意义,绝缘子雷击闪络判据是实现精确耐雷性能分析的基础。论文就高海拔地区真型酒杯塔中绝缘子在短尾波冲击下的闪络特性开展了试验研究与仿真分析。针对220 kV酒杯塔悬挂绝缘子进行了高海拔地区短尾波冲击试验,试验结果表明:酒杯塔上不同悬挂位置的绝缘子其闪络特性差异在3%以内;悬挂在酒杯塔上的绝缘子闪络特性与棒–板间隙和脱离塔身的绝缘子均存在较大差异。仿真分析结果表明,IEEE推荐的伏秒特性曲线、现有先导发展模型系数用于模拟高海拔短尾波冲击下酒杯塔绝缘子闪络特性都会造成较大差异。基于试验数据及长间隙先导发展理论,提出了高海拔地区正极性短尾波冲击下酒杯塔复合绝缘子闪络的先导发展模型,仿真对比了绝缘子采用不同闪络判据下的线路反击耐雷水平差异,为高海拔220 kV输电线路反击耐雷性能分析提供了参考。
Accurate assessment of lightning protection capability of transmission lines is of great significance on the power network security and economic operation. Insulator lightning flashover criterion is the key to the realization of accurate lightning level analysis. Therefore, we experimentally investigated and simulated the flashover characteristics of the true type cup-tower under short tail wave impulse and in the high-altitude area. A short tail wave impact test was carried out in high altitude area for insulators of 220 kV cup-tower. Analyses of the test results show that the flashover characteristics of insulators with different suspension positions on the cup-tower are within 3%, the flashover characteristics of the insulators hanging on the cup-tower are different from those of the rod gap and the insulator out of the tower. The simulation results show that the volt-second characteristic curve proposed by IEEE and the existing leader development model coefficients can not accurately describe the flashover characteristics of insulators in cup-tower under the impulse of short tail wave in high altitude area. Based on experimental data and long gap leader development theory, a leader development model of composite insulator on cup-tower in high altitude area is proposed. The difference between strike-back lightning-withstand level of transmission lines when different flashover criteria are adopted for insulators is analyzed by simulation. The results provide a reference for analysis of strike-back lightning-withstand of 220 kV transmission line in high altitude area.
Accurate assessment of lightning protection capability of transmission lines is of great significance on the power network security and economic operation. Insulator lightning flashover criterion is the key to the realization of accurate lightning level analysis. Therefore, we experimentally investigated and simulated the flashover characteristics of the true type cup-tower under short tail wave impulse and in the high-altitude area. A short tail wave impact test was carried out in high altitude area for insulators of 220 kV cup-tower. Analyses of the test results show that the flashover characteristics of insulators with different suspension positions on the cup-tower are within 3%, the flashover characteristics of the insulators hanging on the cup-tower are different from those of the rod gap and the insulator out of the tower. The simulation results show that the volt-second characteristic curve proposed by IEEE and the existing leader development model coefficients can not accurately describe the flashover characteristics of insulators in cup-tower under the impulse of short tail wave in high altitude area. Based on experimental data and long gap leader development theory, a leader development model of composite insulator on cup-tower in high altitude area is proposed. The difference between strike-back lightning-withstand level of transmission lines when different flashover criteria are adopted for insulators is analyzed by simulation. The results provide a reference for analysis of strike-back lightning-withstand of 220 kV transmission line in high altitude area.
引文
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[4]韩永霞,阮耀萱,张垭琦,等.线路反击绝缘子短尾波分析及试验回路设计[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):772-778HAN Yongxia, RUAN Yaoxuan, ZHANG Yaqi, et al. Analysis on thecharacteristicsofshort-tailvoltagewaveofinsulatoronthedou-ble-circuittransmissionlineinbackflashoveranddesignoftheexperimentcircuit[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2018,44(3):772-778.
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[11]耿屹楠,庄池杰,曾嵘,等.正极性雷电冲击电压下空间电荷电场测量研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(22):167-173.GENG Yinan, ZHUANG Chijie, ZENG Rong, et al. Measurement ofelectricfieldofspacechargeunderpositivelightningimpulsevolt-age[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(22):167-173.
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[13]孙振,王建国,谢从珍,等. 110~500 kV复合绝缘子的雷电闪络特性[J].电网技术,2008,32(16):43-46.SUN Zhen, WANG Jianguo, XIE Congzhen, et al. Lightning impulseflashover characteristic of composite rod insulators with rated voltagefrom 110 kV to 500 kV[J]. Power System Technology, 2008, 32(16):43-46.
[14]易辉,张俊兰.超高压线路短尾波绝缘特性试验[J].高电压技术,2002,28(6):16-17.YI Hui, ZHANG Junlan. Test and study of insulation characteristic ofEHVtransmissionlineinsulationundertheshorttailsurge[J].HighVoltage Engineering, 2002, 28(6):16-17.
[15]潘震东. 500 kV同塔4回线路真型塔冲击电压的试验研究[J].华东电力,2009,37(2):199-204.PANZhendong.Experimentalstudyonimpulsevoltageof500k Vdouble-circuit transmission line[J]. East China Electric Power, 2009,37(2):199-204.
[16]唐力,韩永霞,郝艳捧,等.高海拔地区特高压直流线路绝缘子的正极性先导发展法闪络判据[J].高电压技术,2016,42(6):1900-1906.TANGLi,HANYongxia, HAOYanpeng,etal.Leaderpropagationmodel as positive flashover criterion of UHVDC line insulators at highaltitude[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(6):1900-1906.
[17]刘守豹,廖文龙,许安,等. 220 kV同塔双回线路雷电反击多相同跳研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(4):109-116.LIUShoubao,LIAOWenlong,XUAn,etal.Studyonmulti-phasetripping caused by back flashover on 220 kV double-circuit transmis-sionlineonsingletower[J].Insulators&SurgeArresters,2015(4):109-116.
[18]廖永力,高超,王国利,等.昆明高海拔特高压户外试验场的技术特点和研究项目[J].南方电网技术,2011,5(6):29-32.LIAO Yongli, GAO Chao, WANG Guoli, et al. The technology char-acteristics and research items of high altitude UHV outdoor test field atKunming[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2011, 5(6):29-32.
[19]高电压试验技术第1部分:一般定义及试验要求:GB/T16927.1—2011[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2011.Highvoltagetesttechnologypart1:generaldefinitionsandtestre-quirements:GB/T 16927.1—2011[S]. Beijing,China:ChinaElectricPower Press, 2011.
[20]YAMADA T, MOCHIZUKI A, SAWADA J, et al. Experimental eval-uationofaUHVtowermodelforlightningsurgeanalysis[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery, 1995, 10(1):393-402.
[21]HARAT,YAMAMOTOO.Modelingofatransmissiontowerforlightning surge analysis[J]. Generation, Transmission and Distribution,1996, 143(3):283-289.
[22]陈维江,曾嵘,贺恒鑫.长空气间隙放电研究进展[J].高电压技术,2013,39(6):1281-1295.CHENWeijiang,ZENGRong,HEHengxin.Researchprogressoflongairgapdischarges[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2013,39(6):1281-1295.
[23]RIZKFAM.Criticalswitchingimpulsestrengthoflongairgaps:modeling of air density effects[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Deliv-ery, 1992, 7(3):1507-1515.
[24]崔涛.输电线路防雷计算中绝缘子串闪络判据研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.CUI Tao. Study on the flashover criterion of insulator string in light-ningprotectionoftransmissionline[D].Wuhan,China:HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology, 2009.
[2]韩永霞,张杰,阮耀萱,等.电感型避雷针提高线路反击耐雷性能机理[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3456-3463.HANYongxia,ZHANGJie,RUANYaoxuan,etal.Inductivetypelightningrod to improvethe line strike-downlightning performancemechanism[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(11):3456-3463.
[3]陆国俊,罗健斌,刘瀚波,等.广州地区线路雷击跳闸特性统计与仿真[J].高电压技术,2018,44(5):1542-1548.LU Guojun, LUO Jianbin, LIU Hanbo, et al. Statistics and simulationof lightning trip out of transmission lines in Guangzhou area[J]. HighVoltage Engineering, 2018, 44(5):1542-1548.
[4]韩永霞,阮耀萱,张垭琦,等.线路反击绝缘子短尾波分析及试验回路设计[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):772-778HAN Yongxia, RUAN Yaoxuan, ZHANG Yaqi, et al. Analysis on thecharacteristicsofshort-tailvoltagewaveofinsulatoronthedou-ble-circuittransmissionlineinbackflashoveranddesignoftheexperimentcircuit[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2018,44(3):772-778.
[5]王小川,曾嵘,何金良,等.短尾波下空气间隙的放电特性实验及仿真[J].高电压技术,2008,34(5):925-929.WANG Xiaochuan, ZENG Rong, HE Jinliang, et al. Experiment andsimulationofairgapbreakdowncharacteristicsundershort-tailim-pulse waveform[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2008, 34(5):925-929.
[6]CIGRE Working Group 01 of SC 33. Guide to procedures for estimat-ing the lightning performance of transmission lines[J]. Journal Article,1991(138):138-171.
[7]Electric Power Research Institute(EPRI). EPRI AC transmission linesreference book-200 kV and above[M]. 3rd ed. California, USA:EPRI,2005.
[8]Guide forimproving thelighting performance oftransmission lines:IEEE Std 1243-1997IEEE[S], 1997.
[9]庄池杰,曾嵘.短间隙流注放电数值仿真方法研究进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(22):157-166.ZHUANG Chijie, ZENG Rong. Research and development on shortgapstreamerdischargesimulationmethods[J].ProceedingsoftheCSEE, 2012, 32(22):157-166.
[10]司马文霞,谭威,袁涛,等.高海拔超高压绝缘子串雷电冲击伏秒特性[J].高电压技术,2012,38(1):29-34.SIMA Wenxia, TAN Wei, YUAN Tao, et al. Lightning impulse volt-age-time characteristics of extra-high voltage insulator strings in highaltitude area[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2012, 38(1):29-34.
[11]耿屹楠,庄池杰,曾嵘,等.正极性雷电冲击电压下空间电荷电场测量研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(22):167-173.GENG Yinan, ZHUANG Chijie, ZENG Rong, et al. Measurement ofelectricfieldofspacechargeunderpositivelightningimpulsevolt-age[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(22):167-173.
[12]WANGXi,YUZhanqing,HEJinliang.Breakdownprocessexperi-mentsof110-to500-kVinsulatorstringsundershorttaillightningimpulse[J].IEEETransactionsonPowerDelivery,2014,29(5):2394-2401.
[13]孙振,王建国,谢从珍,等. 110~500 kV复合绝缘子的雷电闪络特性[J].电网技术,2008,32(16):43-46.SUN Zhen, WANG Jianguo, XIE Congzhen, et al. Lightning impulseflashover characteristic of composite rod insulators with rated voltagefrom 110 kV to 500 kV[J]. Power System Technology, 2008, 32(16):43-46.
[14]易辉,张俊兰.超高压线路短尾波绝缘特性试验[J].高电压技术,2002,28(6):16-17.YI Hui, ZHANG Junlan. Test and study of insulation characteristic ofEHVtransmissionlineinsulationundertheshorttailsurge[J].HighVoltage Engineering, 2002, 28(6):16-17.
[15]潘震东. 500 kV同塔4回线路真型塔冲击电压的试验研究[J].华东电力,2009,37(2):199-204.PANZhendong.Experimentalstudyonimpulsevoltageof500k Vdouble-circuit transmission line[J]. East China Electric Power, 2009,37(2):199-204.
[16]唐力,韩永霞,郝艳捧,等.高海拔地区特高压直流线路绝缘子的正极性先导发展法闪络判据[J].高电压技术,2016,42(6):1900-1906.TANGLi,HANYongxia, HAOYanpeng,etal.Leaderpropagationmodel as positive flashover criterion of UHVDC line insulators at highaltitude[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(6):1900-1906.
[17]刘守豹,廖文龙,许安,等. 220 kV同塔双回线路雷电反击多相同跳研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2015(4):109-116.LIUShoubao,LIAOWenlong,XUAn,etal.Studyonmulti-phasetripping caused by back flashover on 220 kV double-circuit transmis-sionlineonsingletower[J].Insulators&SurgeArresters,2015(4):109-116.
[18]廖永力,高超,王国利,等.昆明高海拔特高压户外试验场的技术特点和研究项目[J].南方电网技术,2011,5(6):29-32.LIAO Yongli, GAO Chao, WANG Guoli, et al. The technology char-acteristics and research items of high altitude UHV outdoor test field atKunming[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2011, 5(6):29-32.
[19]高电压试验技术第1部分:一般定义及试验要求:GB/T16927.1—2011[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2011.Highvoltagetesttechnologypart1:generaldefinitionsandtestre-quirements:GB/T 16927.1—2011[S]. Beijing,China:ChinaElectricPower Press, 2011.
[20]YAMADA T, MOCHIZUKI A, SAWADA J, et al. Experimental eval-uationofaUHVtowermodelforlightningsurgeanalysis[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery, 1995, 10(1):393-402.
[21]HARAT,YAMAMOTOO.Modelingofatransmissiontowerforlightning surge analysis[J]. Generation, Transmission and Distribution,1996, 143(3):283-289.
[22]陈维江,曾嵘,贺恒鑫.长空气间隙放电研究进展[J].高电压技术,2013,39(6):1281-1295.CHENWeijiang,ZENGRong,HEHengxin.Researchprogressoflongairgapdischarges[J].HighVoltageEngineering,2013,39(6):1281-1295.
[23]RIZKFAM.Criticalswitchingimpulsestrengthoflongairgaps:modeling of air density effects[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Deliv-ery, 1992, 7(3):1507-1515.
[24]崔涛.输电线路防雷计算中绝缘子串闪络判据研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.CUI Tao. Study on the flashover criterion of insulator string in light-ningprotectionoftransmissionline[D].Wuhan,China:HuazhongUniversity of Science and Technology, 2009.