儿童道路交通伤害患者伤害发生的特点分析
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摘要
目的分析深圳市儿童道路交通伤害流行病学特点,提出相应的预防措施。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对2016年1月1日~2017年7月1日深圳市儿童道路交通伤害监测哨点医院住院日志中登记为道路交通伤害的300例患儿,进行问卷调查,分析其流行病学特点。结果 300例患儿中,男211例(70.33%),女89例(29.67%),男女比例为2.37∶1,0~4岁、5~9岁、10~14岁发生的人数分别为70例(23.33%)、88例(29.33%)、142例(47.33%);导致儿童交通伤害的主要车辆是自行车141例(47.00%)、私家车69例(23.00%)、电动车40例(13.33%)、摩托车31例(10.33%)、公共汽车1例(0.33%)和其它18例(6.00%);受伤部位是上肢127例(42.33%)、下肢116例(38.67%)、头颈部34例(11.33%)、多发伤12例(4.00%)和躯干部11例(3.68%)。结论深圳市儿童道路交通伤害男性多于女性,最易发生年龄段为10~14岁,主要致伤车辆为自行车和私家车,常见的损伤部位为四肢和头颈部,建议制定具有针对性的防范措施,加强交通安全教育,提高交通安全意识以减少交通伤害的发生。
Objective To Analysis Shenzhen City Children's Road Traffic Injury Epidemiology Special Features,the corresponding preventive measures were put forward. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 300 children registered as road traffic injuries in the hospital log of Shenzhen Children Traffic Injury Surveillance Sentinel Hospital from January 1, 2016 to July 1, 2017, and questionnaires were conducted to analyze their Epidemiological characteristics. Results Among 300 cases, there were 211 males(70.33%) and 89 females(29.67%), the ratio of males to females was 2.37∶1 to 4 years old, 5 to 9 years old and 70 to 10 years old(23.33%), 88 cases(29.33%) and 142 cases(47.33%). The main vehicles causing child traffic injuries were 141 cases(47.00%) of bicycles, 69 cases of private cars(23.00%), 40 cases of electric vehicles 31 cases(10.33%)were motorcycles, 1 case(0.33%) were buses and 18 cases(6.00%) were buses. The injured parts were 127 cases(42.33%) of the upper limbs, 116 cases(38.67%) of the lower limbs, 34 cases(11.33%), 12 cases of multiple trauma(4.00%) and 11 cases of trunk(3.68%). Conclusion Traffic accidents among children in Shenzhen are more serious than those in women, most likely to occur in the age group of 10 to 14 years old. The main injury vehicles are bicycles and private cars. The common injury sites are limbs and head and neck areas. Measures to enhance traffic safety education and raise traffic safety awareness to reduce traffic accidents
Objective To Analysis Shenzhen City Children's Road Traffic Injury Epidemiology Special Features,the corresponding preventive measures were put forward. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 300 children registered as road traffic injuries in the hospital log of Shenzhen Children Traffic Injury Surveillance Sentinel Hospital from January 1, 2016 to July 1, 2017, and questionnaires were conducted to analyze their Epidemiological characteristics. Results Among 300 cases, there were 211 males(70.33%) and 89 females(29.67%), the ratio of males to females was 2.37∶1 to 4 years old, 5 to 9 years old and 70 to 10 years old(23.33%), 88 cases(29.33%) and 142 cases(47.33%). The main vehicles causing child traffic injuries were 141 cases(47.00%) of bicycles, 69 cases of private cars(23.00%), 40 cases of electric vehicles 31 cases(10.33%)were motorcycles, 1 case(0.33%) were buses and 18 cases(6.00%) were buses. The injured parts were 127 cases(42.33%) of the upper limbs, 116 cases(38.67%) of the lower limbs, 34 cases(11.33%), 12 cases of multiple trauma(4.00%) and 11 cases of trunk(3.68%). Conclusion Traffic accidents among children in Shenzhen are more serious than those in women, most likely to occur in the age group of 10 to 14 years old. The main injury vehicles are bicycles and private cars. The common injury sites are limbs and head and neck areas. Measures to enhance traffic safety education and raise traffic safety awareness to reduce traffic accidents
引文
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[8]Weesuer CL,Hargarten SW,Aprahamian C,et al.Fatal child-hood injury patterns in an urban setting[J].Ann Emeg Med,1994,23(2):231-236.
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[11]郭春燕.我国道路交通伤害流行病学研究进展[J].浙江预防医学杂志,2006,18(8):59-61.
[12]Margie Peden,Richard Scurfield,David Sleet,et al.世界预防道路交通伤害报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[13]鄢涛,王森,谭鸿,等.德阳市院前急救现况调查与分析[J].中华全科医学,2011,9(12):1923-1925.
[14]段蕾蕾,孙燕鸣,邓晓,等.中国三城市儿童步行者道路交通安全状况回顾性研究[J].中国健康教育,2007,23(5):330-332,335.
[15]朱保锋,陈建荣,王芳,等.2079例交通伤患者的流行病学分析[J].临床急诊杂志,2010,11(4):204-206.
[16]李龙鹤.完善创伤急救体系提高创伤救治水平[J].海南医学,2008,19(12):88,101-102.
[17]高爱萍,陆秀文.儿童交通伤害相关因素分析与干预[J].南方护理学报,2005,12(2):17-19.
[2]车在前,郭荣峰,王东升,等.上海市2003~2007年道路交通伤院前急救流行病学调查[J].中国急救医学,2010,30(2):174-176.
[3]谭宗奎,陈庄洪,蔡贤华,等.创伤严重度改良评分法对2260例创伤患者的前瞻性研究[J].中华创伤骨科杂志,2007,9(3):236-238.
[4]刘琳,刘伟佳,张维蔚,等.广州市中学生道路交通伤害流行特征及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(2):211-213.
[5]张绍强,刘筱娴.儿童交通事故伤害的特征及影响因素[J].现代预防医学,2005,32(4):322-323.
[6]雷沺,刘姝,汪银枝.院前急救中儿童交通伤害的临床研究[J].中国现代医生.2015,3(8):78-80.
[7]Rivara FP.Child pedestrian injuries in the United States:current status of the problem,potential intervention,and future research needs[J].Am J Dis Child,1990,144(6):92-94.
[8]Weesuer CL,Hargarten SW,Aprahamian C,et al.Fatal child-hood injury patterns in an urban setting[J].Ann Emeg Med,1994,23(2):231-236.
[9]Salmi LR,Weiss HB,Peterson PL,et al.Fatal farm injuries among young children[J].Pediatrics,1989,83(2):267-271.
[10]Hasselberg M,Laflamme L,Weitoft GR.Socioeconomic differences in road traffic injuries during childhood and youth:a closer look at at differente kinds of road user[J].J Epidemiol Community Health,2001,55(12):858-862.
[11]郭春燕.我国道路交通伤害流行病学研究进展[J].浙江预防医学杂志,2006,18(8):59-61.
[12]Margie Peden,Richard Scurfield,David Sleet,et al.世界预防道路交通伤害报告[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[13]鄢涛,王森,谭鸿,等.德阳市院前急救现况调查与分析[J].中华全科医学,2011,9(12):1923-1925.
[14]段蕾蕾,孙燕鸣,邓晓,等.中国三城市儿童步行者道路交通安全状况回顾性研究[J].中国健康教育,2007,23(5):330-332,335.
[15]朱保锋,陈建荣,王芳,等.2079例交通伤患者的流行病学分析[J].临床急诊杂志,2010,11(4):204-206.
[16]李龙鹤.完善创伤急救体系提高创伤救治水平[J].海南医学,2008,19(12):88,101-102.
[17]高爱萍,陆秀文.儿童交通伤害相关因素分析与干预[J].南方护理学报,2005,12(2):17-19.