饥饿对大黄鱼幼鱼肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响
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摘要
为了研究饥饿对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的影响,取大黄鱼幼鱼540尾,体重均值为(40.80±3.40)g,分组进行为期0 d(S0)、4 d(S4)、8 d(S8)、12 d(S12)、16 d(S16)、20 d(S20)的饥饿处理,测定背部肌肉的氨基酸和脂肪酸含量。结果显示,测定的大黄鱼背肌的16种氨基酸中,蛋氨酸含量在不同饥饿处理时间之间差异显著(P<0.05),饥饿持续8 d其含量达到最小(0.48%±0.12%),16 d时达到最高(1.62%±0.23%);其余15种氨基酸含量的差异均不显著(P>0.05),但均表现出随着饥饿时间延长先上升后下降的趋势,在16 d时达到最高,20 d时明显降低。非必需氨基酸、必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸及氨基酸总量的变化趋势与上述15种氨基酸一致。在不同饥饿处理组的大黄鱼背肌中脂肪酸含量差异显著(P<0.05)。其中,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量随着饥饿时间延长呈先升高后下降的趋势,在S8组达到最大,为30.90%±0.28%;单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量在不同处理组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但所有处理组均稍大于对照组(S0);多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量则呈先下降后升高的趋势,在S12组时达到最低,其值为31.87%±0.65%。由上可知,通过适当的饥饿处理,可以改变肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸含量,从而较好地改善大黄鱼的肉质风味。
To investigate the effect of starvation on amino acids and fatty acids of muscle in juvenile large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea, 540 healthy fish with similar body weight(40.80±3.40 g) were selected for the experiment. The muscle was sampled from experimental fish after 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days of starvation for chemical analysis, respectively. Results showed that starvation significantly affected methionine content(P<0.05), which reached the lowest content(0.48%±0.12%) after 8 days of starvation and obtained the highest content(1.62%±0.23%) after 16 days of starvation. However, the other 15 kinds of amino acids showed no significant difference among the different groups(P>0.05), with the same trends of increased at first and then decreased when starvation time was prolonged. Also, the non-essential amino acids, essential amino acids, flavored amino acids, essential amino acids and total amino acids showed the same changing trends as the 15 kinds of amino acids. As for fatty acid, starvation had significant effects on the fatty acid content in muscle of juvenile L. crocea(P<0.05). Among them, the saturated fatty acids(SFA) increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of starvation, and reached the maximum content after 8 days of starvation(30.90%±0.28%); monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) content among different treatment groups was not significantly different(P>0.05), but all the treatment groups were slightly larger than that of the control group(starvation for 0 day); polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) content showed an increasing trend after the first drop, and the lowest value was in the group of that was starved for 12 days(31.87%±0.65%). From the above research results, we know that the amino acid and fatty acid contents in the muscle related to meat quality can be changed by proper starvation treatment, which can improve the meat flavor of L. crocea. These results have important theoretical and directive significance for improving meat quality of L. crocea through proper starvation treatment in the process of L. crocea culturing.
To investigate the effect of starvation on amino acids and fatty acids of muscle in juvenile large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea, 540 healthy fish with similar body weight(40.80±3.40 g) were selected for the experiment. The muscle was sampled from experimental fish after 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 days of starvation for chemical analysis, respectively. Results showed that starvation significantly affected methionine content(P<0.05), which reached the lowest content(0.48%±0.12%) after 8 days of starvation and obtained the highest content(1.62%±0.23%) after 16 days of starvation. However, the other 15 kinds of amino acids showed no significant difference among the different groups(P>0.05), with the same trends of increased at first and then decreased when starvation time was prolonged. Also, the non-essential amino acids, essential amino acids, flavored amino acids, essential amino acids and total amino acids showed the same changing trends as the 15 kinds of amino acids. As for fatty acid, starvation had significant effects on the fatty acid content in muscle of juvenile L. crocea(P<0.05). Among them, the saturated fatty acids(SFA) increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of starvation, and reached the maximum content after 8 days of starvation(30.90%±0.28%); monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA) content among different treatment groups was not significantly different(P>0.05), but all the treatment groups were slightly larger than that of the control group(starvation for 0 day); polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA) content showed an increasing trend after the first drop, and the lowest value was in the group of that was starved for 12 days(31.87%±0.65%). From the above research results, we know that the amino acid and fatty acid contents in the muscle related to meat quality can be changed by proper starvation treatment, which can improve the meat flavor of L. crocea. These results have important theoretical and directive significance for improving meat quality of L. crocea through proper starvation treatment in the process of L. crocea culturing.
引文
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Feng Z,Cao Q.Ichthyology.Beijing:Agricultural Press House,1979,217
Gillis TE,Ballantyne JS.The effects of starvation on plasma free amino acid and glucose concentrations in lake sturgeon.Journal of Fish Biology,1996,49(6):1306-1316
Ginés R,Palicio M,Zamorano MJ,et al.Starvation before slaughtering as a tool to keep freshness attributes in gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata).Aquaculture International,2002,10(5):379-389
Hang XM,Tang YL,Liu XL.Progress in the research on polyunsaturated fatty acids.China Biotechnology,2001,21(4):18-21[杭晓敏,唐涌濂,柳向龙.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展.中国生物工程杂志,2001,21(4):18-21]
Kiessling A,Johansson L,Storebakken T.Effects of reduced feed ration levels on fat content and fatty acid composition in white and red muscle from rainbow trout.Aquaculture,1989,79(1-4):169-175
Li MY,Zheng YF,Guan DD,et al.The nutrition of fatty acid and amino acid analysis of four genealogies Pseudosciaena crocea(Richardson).Journal of Fisheries of China,2009,33(4):632-638[李明云,郑岳夫,管丹东,等.大黄鱼四家系肌肉营养成分差异及品质选育分析.水产学报,2009,33(4):632-638]
Li P,Mai K,Trushenski J,et al.New developments in fish amino acid nutrition:Towards functional and environmentally oriented aquafeeds.Amino Acids,2009,37(1):43-53
Lin LM,Wang QR,Wang ZY,et al.Comparison of biochemical compositions of muscle among three stocks and wild-caught large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea.Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(2):286-291[林利民,王秋荣,王志勇,等.不同家系大黄鱼肌肉营养成分的比较.中国水产科学,2006,13(2):286-291]
Liu F,Chen L,Lou B,et al.Correlation and path coefficient analysis on body weight and morphometric traits of small yellow croaker Pseudosciaena polyactis.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2016a,47(3):655-662[刘峰,陈琳,楼宝,等.小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)形态性状与体质量的相关性及通径分析.海洋与湖沼,2016a,47(3):655-662]
Liu F,Liu YY,Lou B,et al.Effect of water temperature on antioxidant and digestive enzymes activities in Larimichthys polyactis.Haiyang Xuebao,2016b,38(12):76-85[刘峰,刘阳阳,楼宝,等.温度对小黄鱼体内抗氧化酶及消化酶活性的影响.海洋学报,2016b,38(12):76-85]
Ma S,Jiang HB,Yao JJ.Biochemical composition,amino acid and fatty acid composition of Mystus macropterus under short-term starvation.Journal of Hydroecology,2010,3(2):61-65[马珊,姜海波,姚俊杰.短期饥饿对大鳍鱯生化组成、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响.水生态学杂志,2010,3(2):61-65]
Miao FR,Liu J,Wang DH,et al.Meat quality of Pseudosciaena crocea cultivated by different methods.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2007,22(4):372-377[缪伏荣,刘景,王淡华,等.不同养殖模式大黄鱼肉质性状的分析研究.福建农业学报,2007,22(4):372-377]
Murata H,Higashi T.Selective utilization of fatty acid as energy source in carp.Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries,1980,46(11):1333-1338
Peng SM,Shi ZH,Hou JL.Study on the lipid nutrition and artificial diet of marine fish.Marine Fisheries,2010,32(2):218-224[彭士明,施兆鸿,侯俊利.海水鱼脂类营养与饲料的研究进展.海洋渔业,2010,32(2):218-224]
Ou YJ,Li J.Analysis and evaluation of the nutrient contents in the muscle of high finned grouper Cromileptes altivelis.Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2010,29(4):503-509[区又君,李加儿.驼背鲈肌肉营养成分的分析与评价.台湾海峡,2010,29(4):503-509]
Sheridan MA,Mommsen TP.Effects of nutritional state on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolism of coho salmon,Oncorhynchus kisutch.General and Comparative Endocrinology,1991,81(3):473-483
Shen WL,Wu XF,Shentu JK,et al.The effects of different diets and culture environments on the morphological variations in the large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(6):70-77[沈伟良,吴雄飞,申屠基康,等.不同饵料及养殖环境对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)形态差异的影响.渔业科学进展,2017,38(6):70-77]
Shiau CY,Pong YP,Chiou TK,et al.Effect of starvation on free histidine and amino acids in white muscle of milkfish Chanos chanos.Comparative Biochemistry&Physiology Part B Biochemistry&Molecular Biology,2001,128(3):501-506
Tan XY,Luo Z,Wang WM,et al.Effects of starvation on body weight and body composition of small-sized channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus.Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2009,33(1):39-45[谭肖英,罗智,王为民,等.饥饿对小规格斑点叉尾鮰体重及鱼体生化组成的影响.水生生物学报,2009,33(1):39-45]
Xu JL,Yan XJ,Luo YP,et al.Comparison of lipids and fatty acids composition in muscle between wild and farmed Pseudosciaena Crocea from Tai-chu Race.Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology,2008,8(1):108-114[徐继林,严小军,罗瑜萍,等.岱衢族野生大黄鱼与养殖大黄鱼肌肉脂类和脂肪酸组成的比较研究.中国食品学报,2008,8(1):108-114]
Yan SA,Yao QH,Lin XX,et al.Nutrient profile of large yellow croakers(Pseudosciaena crocea Richardson)grown under different aquacultural settings.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015,30(8):736-744[颜孙安,姚清华,林香信,等.不同养殖模式大黄鱼肌肉营养成分比较.福建农业学报,2015,30(8):736-744]
Zamal H,Ollevier F.Effect of feeding and lack of food on the growth,gross biochemical and fatty acid composition of juvenile catfish.Journal of Fish Biology,1995,46(3):404-414
Zhang B,Sun Y,Tang QS.The effects of starvation on growth and biochemical composition in Pagrosomus major.Journal of Fisheries of China,2000,24(3):206-210[张波,孙耀,唐启升.饥饿对真鲷生长及生化组成的影响.水产学报,2000,24(3):206-210]
Zhang ZY,Wang QR,Ye K,et al.Effect of fasting on body composition,muscle fatty acid profiles and serum biochemical parameters of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Journal of Fisheries of China,2016,40(9):1440-1450[张振宇,王秋荣,叶坤,等.禁食对养殖大黄鱼体成分、肌肉脂肪酸组成和血清生化指标的影响.水产学报,2016,40(9):1440-1450]
Zheng B,Xu JZ,Liu SZ.Study on biochemical composition in muscle and blood of Pseudosciaena crocea.Journal of Jimei University(Natural Science),2003,8(4):295-300[郑斌,徐君卓,刘士忠.大黄鱼肌肉和血液生化组分的分析.集美大学学报(自然科学版),2003,8(4):295-300]
Ao J,Mu Y,Xiang LX,et al.Genome sequencing of the Perciform fish Larimichthys crocea provides insights into molecular and genetic mechanisms of stress adaptation.PLoS Genetics,2015,11(4):e1005118
Cao DZ,Zhang XZ,Chen SQ,et al.Analysis and evaluation of nutritive composition in muscles of Platichthys stellatus,Kareius bicoloratus and their reciprocal hybrids.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2016,37(3):34-41[曹栋正,张小忠,陈四清,等.星突江鲽(Platichthys stellatus)、石鲽(Kareius bicoloratus)及其正反杂交种肌肉的营养成分分析及评价.渔业科学进展,2016,37(3):34-41]
Cao JJ,Zhang WB,Xu W,et al.Dietary selenium requirement of juvenile large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea.Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2015,39(2):241-249[曹娟娟,张文兵,徐玮,等.大黄鱼幼鱼对饲料硒的需求量.水生生物学报,2015,39(2):241-249]
Chen B,Feng J,Wu B,et al.The effects of starvation on fat and fatty acids composition in Pacific salmon(Oncorhynchus spp.).Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2012,43(6):1247-1253[陈斌,冯健,吴彬,等.饥饿对太平洋鲑(Oncorhynchus spp.)鱼体脂肪与脂肪酸的影响.海洋与湖沼,2012,43(6):1247-1253]
Chen B,Liu MH,Shi ZH,et al.The effects of starvation and re-feeding on fatty acid and amino acid composition in juvenile of Epinephelus malabaricus Bloch&Schneider.Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2008,17(6):674-679[陈波,柳敏海,施兆鸿,等.饥饿和再投饲对点带石斑鱼幼鱼脂肪酸和氨基酸组成的影响.上海海洋大学学报,2008,17(6):674-679]
Chi SY,Zhou QC,Zhou JB,et al.Comparative nutrition components in five cultured molluscs in coastal south China.Fisheries Science,2007,26(2):79-83[迟淑艳,周歧存,周健斌,等.华南沿海5种养殖贝类营养成分的比较分析.水产科学,2007,26(2):79-83]
Feng Z,Cao Q.Ichthyology.Beijing:Agricultural Press House,1979,217
Gillis TE,Ballantyne JS.The effects of starvation on plasma free amino acid and glucose concentrations in lake sturgeon.Journal of Fish Biology,1996,49(6):1306-1316
Ginés R,Palicio M,Zamorano MJ,et al.Starvation before slaughtering as a tool to keep freshness attributes in gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata).Aquaculture International,2002,10(5):379-389
Hang XM,Tang YL,Liu XL.Progress in the research on polyunsaturated fatty acids.China Biotechnology,2001,21(4):18-21[杭晓敏,唐涌濂,柳向龙.多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展.中国生物工程杂志,2001,21(4):18-21]
Kiessling A,Johansson L,Storebakken T.Effects of reduced feed ration levels on fat content and fatty acid composition in white and red muscle from rainbow trout.Aquaculture,1989,79(1-4):169-175
Li MY,Zheng YF,Guan DD,et al.The nutrition of fatty acid and amino acid analysis of four genealogies Pseudosciaena crocea(Richardson).Journal of Fisheries of China,2009,33(4):632-638[李明云,郑岳夫,管丹东,等.大黄鱼四家系肌肉营养成分差异及品质选育分析.水产学报,2009,33(4):632-638]
Li P,Mai K,Trushenski J,et al.New developments in fish amino acid nutrition:Towards functional and environmentally oriented aquafeeds.Amino Acids,2009,37(1):43-53
Lin LM,Wang QR,Wang ZY,et al.Comparison of biochemical compositions of muscle among three stocks and wild-caught large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea.Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(2):286-291[林利民,王秋荣,王志勇,等.不同家系大黄鱼肌肉营养成分的比较.中国水产科学,2006,13(2):286-291]
Liu F,Chen L,Lou B,et al.Correlation and path coefficient analysis on body weight and morphometric traits of small yellow croaker Pseudosciaena polyactis.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2016a,47(3):655-662[刘峰,陈琳,楼宝,等.小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)形态性状与体质量的相关性及通径分析.海洋与湖沼,2016a,47(3):655-662]
Liu F,Liu YY,Lou B,et al.Effect of water temperature on antioxidant and digestive enzymes activities in Larimichthys polyactis.Haiyang Xuebao,2016b,38(12):76-85[刘峰,刘阳阳,楼宝,等.温度对小黄鱼体内抗氧化酶及消化酶活性的影响.海洋学报,2016b,38(12):76-85]
Ma S,Jiang HB,Yao JJ.Biochemical composition,amino acid and fatty acid composition of Mystus macropterus under short-term starvation.Journal of Hydroecology,2010,3(2):61-65[马珊,姜海波,姚俊杰.短期饥饿对大鳍鱯生化组成、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响.水生态学杂志,2010,3(2):61-65]
Miao FR,Liu J,Wang DH,et al.Meat quality of Pseudosciaena crocea cultivated by different methods.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2007,22(4):372-377[缪伏荣,刘景,王淡华,等.不同养殖模式大黄鱼肉质性状的分析研究.福建农业学报,2007,22(4):372-377]
Murata H,Higashi T.Selective utilization of fatty acid as energy source in carp.Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries,1980,46(11):1333-1338
Peng SM,Shi ZH,Hou JL.Study on the lipid nutrition and artificial diet of marine fish.Marine Fisheries,2010,32(2):218-224[彭士明,施兆鸿,侯俊利.海水鱼脂类营养与饲料的研究进展.海洋渔业,2010,32(2):218-224]
Ou YJ,Li J.Analysis and evaluation of the nutrient contents in the muscle of high finned grouper Cromileptes altivelis.Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2010,29(4):503-509[区又君,李加儿.驼背鲈肌肉营养成分的分析与评价.台湾海峡,2010,29(4):503-509]
Sheridan MA,Mommsen TP.Effects of nutritional state on in vivo lipid and carbohydrate metabolism of coho salmon,Oncorhynchus kisutch.General and Comparative Endocrinology,1991,81(3):473-483
Shen WL,Wu XF,Shentu JK,et al.The effects of different diets and culture environments on the morphological variations in the large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Progress in Fishery Sciences,2017,38(6):70-77[沈伟良,吴雄飞,申屠基康,等.不同饵料及养殖环境对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)形态差异的影响.渔业科学进展,2017,38(6):70-77]
Shiau CY,Pong YP,Chiou TK,et al.Effect of starvation on free histidine and amino acids in white muscle of milkfish Chanos chanos.Comparative Biochemistry&Physiology Part B Biochemistry&Molecular Biology,2001,128(3):501-506
Tan XY,Luo Z,Wang WM,et al.Effects of starvation on body weight and body composition of small-sized channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus.Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2009,33(1):39-45[谭肖英,罗智,王为民,等.饥饿对小规格斑点叉尾鮰体重及鱼体生化组成的影响.水生生物学报,2009,33(1):39-45]
Xu JL,Yan XJ,Luo YP,et al.Comparison of lipids and fatty acids composition in muscle between wild and farmed Pseudosciaena Crocea from Tai-chu Race.Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology,2008,8(1):108-114[徐继林,严小军,罗瑜萍,等.岱衢族野生大黄鱼与养殖大黄鱼肌肉脂类和脂肪酸组成的比较研究.中国食品学报,2008,8(1):108-114]
Yan SA,Yao QH,Lin XX,et al.Nutrient profile of large yellow croakers(Pseudosciaena crocea Richardson)grown under different aquacultural settings.Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015,30(8):736-744[颜孙安,姚清华,林香信,等.不同养殖模式大黄鱼肌肉营养成分比较.福建农业学报,2015,30(8):736-744]
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