地海交界环境与其上方双目标复合散射的混合算法研究
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摘要
采用蒙特卡罗方法建立地海交界分区域复合粗糙面模型,陆地区域采用高斯谱模拟,近海海面区域采用基于变浅系数的北海海浪工程(joint North Sea wave project,JONSWAP)谱模拟;提出了基于分形理论的边界赋形方法,并运用多种反正切权函数处理实现了线型、月牙型、峡谷型和分形型边界的地海交界环境;基于矩量法和基尔霍夫近似的混合算法研究了地海交界环境与其上方双目标的复合电磁散射特性,对比了双目标分别位于两种典型环境和地海交界环境上方时的复合散射系数曲线,研究了复合散射系数随入射角、陆地区域参数、海面参数、边界形状、双目标参数及双目标类型的变化情况,并做了详细分析与讨论。结果表明该混合算法的高效性和准确性,数值仿真结果对地海交界环境上方目标的探测、遥感及成像具有借鉴意义。
The Monte-Carlo method is applied to construct composite rough surface model for describing ground and near sea in adjacent region.The Gauss spectral function is introduced to simulate actual ground surface.Based on the shallow coefficient,the joint North Sea wave project(JONSWAP)spectral function is used to simulate actual near sea surface.A new shaping method based on fractal theory is proposed.Different weighted inverse tangent functions are introduced to realize diverse actual environments,such as ground and near sea in adjacent region with linear boundary,crescent boundary,valley boundary and fractal boundary.The composite electromagnetic scattering from double targets above ground and near sea in adjacent region is investigated by using the hybrid method-the method of moment with the Kirchhoff approximation.The curves of composite scattering coefficient of double targets above two kinds of traditional environment and the composite environment are compared.The composite scattering coefficient which varies with incident angle,the parameters of ground region and near sea region,the shape of boundary,and the parameters and category of double targets is studied in detail.The high efficiency and high precision of the hybrid method are verified.The numerical results show the composite scattering characteristics of double targets above ground and near sea in adjacent region,which can be a reference for target detection,remote sensing and imaging in this kind of composite environment.
The Monte-Carlo method is applied to construct composite rough surface model for describing ground and near sea in adjacent region.The Gauss spectral function is introduced to simulate actual ground surface.Based on the shallow coefficient,the joint North Sea wave project(JONSWAP)spectral function is used to simulate actual near sea surface.A new shaping method based on fractal theory is proposed.Different weighted inverse tangent functions are introduced to realize diverse actual environments,such as ground and near sea in adjacent region with linear boundary,crescent boundary,valley boundary and fractal boundary.The composite electromagnetic scattering from double targets above ground and near sea in adjacent region is investigated by using the hybrid method-the method of moment with the Kirchhoff approximation.The curves of composite scattering coefficient of double targets above two kinds of traditional environment and the composite environment are compared.The composite scattering coefficient which varies with incident angle,the parameters of ground region and near sea region,the shape of boundary,and the parameters and category of double targets is studied in detail.The high efficiency and high precision of the hybrid method are verified.The numerical results show the composite scattering characteristics of double targets above ground and near sea in adjacent region,which can be a reference for target detection,remote sensing and imaging in this kind of composite environment.
引文
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[2]HOUTZ D A,EMERY W,GU D,et al.Electromagnetic design and performance of a conical microwave blackbody target for radiometer calibration[J].IEEE Trans.on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2017,55(8):4586-4596.
[3]COMITE D,AHMAD F,LIAO D H,et al.Multiview imaging for low-signature target detection in rough-surface clutter environment[J].IEEE Trans.on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2017,55(9):5220-5229.
[4]DING B,WEN G,HUANG X,et al.Data augmentation by multilevel reconstruction using attributed scattering center for SAR target recognition[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2017,14(6):979-983.
[5]HE H J,GUO L X.A multihybrid FE-BI-KA technique for 3D electromagnetic scattering from a coated object above a conductive rough surface[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2016,13(12):1-5.
[6]COMITE D,AHMAD F,AMIN M G,et al.Detection of lowsignature targets in rough surface terrain for forward-looking ground penetrating radar imaging[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE 25th Asilomar Conference on Signals,Systems and Computers,2015:80-84.
[7]MOGHADDAM M,TABATABAEENEJAD A,CHEN R,et al.Role of computational EM in radar remote sensing of water resources[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE International Conference on Computational Electromagnetics,2017:331-332.
[8]LIANG Y,GUO L X,WU Z S.The fast EPILE combined with FBM for electromagnetic scattering from dielectric targets above and below the dielectric rough surface[J].IEEE Trans.on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2011,49(10):3892-3905.
[9]NOVIELLO C,FORNARO G,BRACA P,et al.Fast and accurate ISAR focusing based on a doppler parameter estimation algorithm[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2017,14(3):349-353.
[10]MASUMNIA B K,GHAFFARI M M,ZAKERI B.Evaluation of different approximations for correlation coefficients in stochastic FDTD to estimate SAR variance in a human head model[J].IEEE Trans.on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2017,59(2):509-517.
[11]BELLEZ S,BOURLIER C,KUBICKE G.3Dscattering from a PEC target buried beneath a dielectric rough surface an efficient PILE-ACA algorithm for solving a hybrid KA-EFIE formulation[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2015,63(11):5003-5014.
[12]RASHIDI-RANJBAR E,DEHMOLLAIAN M.Target above random rough surface scattering using aparallelized IPO accelerated by MLFMM[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2015,12(7):1481-1485.
[13]LIANG Y,ZENG X H,GUO L X,et al.A study of composite electromagnetic scattering from rough sea surface and missile-like target basing on the efficient numerical algorithm[C]∥Proc.of the IEEE 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propa-gation,2014:1058-1060.
[14]WANG J,ZHAO Z,NIE Z,et al.Electromagnetic inverse scattering series method for positioning three-dimensional targets in near-surface two-layer medium with unknown dielectric properties[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2014,12(2):299-303.
[15]李昌泽,童创明,齐立辉,等.三类新型随机粗糙面模型的快速散射特性分析[J].电波科学学报,2015,30(6):1093-1101.LI C Z,TONG C M,QI L H,et al.Analysis on fast electromagnetic scattering characteristics for three novel randomly rough surface models[J].Chinese Journal of Radio Science,2015,30(6):1093-1101.
[16]SUN H L,TONG C M,ZOU G X.High efficiency iterative solver for modeling composite rough surface electromagnetic scattering[J].Electromagnetics,2017,37(2):113-126.
[17]邹高翔,童创明,王童,等.地海交界分区域复合粗糙面建模及电磁散射特性研究[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(7):43-56.ZOU G X,TONG C M,WANG T,et al.Study on modeling and electromagnetic scattering characteristics of composite rough surface of ground and ocean in adjacent region[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(7):43-56.
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[19]YU K,YAO J,XIE X,et al.3DFEM analysis on electromagnetic characteristics of an air-core pulsed alternator[J].IEEE Trans.on Plasma Science,2017,45(7):1257-1262.
[20]LIU P,JIN Y Q.An FEM approach with FFT accelerated iterative robin boundary condition for electromagnetic scattering of a target with strong or weak coupled underlying randomly rough surface[J].IEEE Trans.on Antennas and Propagation,2005,53(12):4137-4144.
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[22]WANG X,LI L W.Numerical characterization of bistatic scattering from PEC cylinder partially embedded in a dielectric rough surface interface:horizontal polarization[J].Progress in Electromagnetics Research,2009,91(4):35-51.
[23]WANG J,HAN X,YANG K,et al.Hybrid FDTD method for studying electromagnetic coupling effects of transmission line networks[J].IEEE Trans.on Electromagnetic Compatibility,2017,59(5):1650-1653.
[24]LI J,GUO L X,JIAO Y C,et al.Composite scattering of a plasma-coated target above dispersive sea surface by the ADEFDTD method[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2012,10(1):4-8.
[25]王蕊,郭立新,秦三团,等.粗糙海面及其上方导体目标复合电磁散射的混合算法研究[J].物理学报,2008,57(6):3473-3480.WANG R,GUO L X,QIN S T,et al.Hybrid method for investigation of electromagnetic scattering interaction between the conducting target and rough sea surface[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2008,57(6):3473-3480.
[26]田炜,任新成,郭立新.分形海面及其上方目标电磁散射的混合算法[J].系统工程与电子技术,2012,34(9):1775-1780.TIAN W,REN X C,GUO L X.Hybrid method of electromagnetic scattering between the fractal sea surface and its above targets[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2012,34(9):1775-1780.
[27]田炜,任新成,郭立新.海面与其上方双矩形截面柱复合散射的混合算法研究[J].物理学报,2015,64(17):88-94.TIAN W,REN X C,GUO L X.Study on composite electromagnetic scattering from the double rectangular cross-section columns above rough sea surface using hybrid method[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(17):88-94.
[28]朱小敏,任新成,郭立新.一维带限Weierstrass分形分层地面与矩形截面导体柱复合电磁散射FDTD研究[J].计算物理,2012,29(3):399-405.ZHU X M,REN X C,GUO L X.FDTD investigation on electromagnetic scattering of 1D band-limited Weierstrass fractal layered land surface and a conducting column with rectangular cross-section[J].Chinese Journal of Computational Physics,2012,29(3):399-405.
[29]徐振海,肖顺平,熊子源.阵列雷达低角跟踪技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:34-35.XU Z H,XIAO S P,XIONG Z Y.Low angle tracking techniques for array radars[M].Beijing:Science Press,2014:34-35.
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