《岛》中的麻风病与社会乌托邦
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摘要
维多利亚·希斯洛普的处女作《岛》的故事发生在希腊的麻风病隔离区斯皮纳龙格岛上,围绕麻风病人展开。采用文本细读方法,通过对小说中的麻风"他者"形象进行后殖民阐释,来探讨"他者"在这部作品中的内涵、发展、演变以及麻风病的文化内涵与象征意义。研究发现,"麻风病"这一意象由最开始人们公认的道德沦丧者、他者,逐渐转变为品德高尚的代表者、乌托邦社会的创造者,完全颠覆了人们以往对麻风病人固有的看法。作者维多利亚·希斯洛普是一个有人道主义精神的人,意欲消除人们对麻风病人群体的偏见,建构一个充满和平、民主、大爱、平等的国度,这正是其创作目的之所在。
The Island is the first novel written by Victoria Hislop. The story mainly focuses on the leper colony, an isolated island Spinalonga in Greek. Through close textual reading and post-colonialism elaboration of the connotation, development and evolution of "the Other" —the lepers, we discuss cultural connotation and symbolic significance of leprosy. The research findings indicate that the image of "lepers" evolved from the moral-bankrupt people and "the Other" to noble character and the creator of Utopia, which completely overturned people's stereotype judgement of the lepers. The author is a woman with a humanitarian spirit,who wants to eliminate people's prejudice against lepers and to build a country with peace, democracy,love and equality. The Island is an expression of such ideas.
The Island is the first novel written by Victoria Hislop. The story mainly focuses on the leper colony, an isolated island Spinalonga in Greek. Through close textual reading and post-colonialism elaboration of the connotation, development and evolution of "the Other" —the lepers, we discuss cultural connotation and symbolic significance of leprosy. The research findings indicate that the image of "lepers" evolved from the moral-bankrupt people and "the Other" to noble character and the creator of Utopia, which completely overturned people's stereotype judgement of the lepers. The author is a woman with a humanitarian spirit,who wants to eliminate people's prejudice against lepers and to build a country with peace, democracy,love and equality. The Island is an expression of such ideas.
引文
[1]余欣.《岛》的生态批评解读[J].闽江学院学报,2010(1):89-92.
[2]谢文琴.死亡之岛绽放生命之花——英国当代小说《岛》对生命的诠释[J].宁波大学学报(人文科学版),2012(25):32-35.
[3]张春燕.“岛”之意象的内涵分析——对维多利亚·希斯洛普小说《岛》的解读[J].淮海工学院学报(人文社会科学版),2013(11):39-41.
[4]余雅璐.希斯洛普《岛》中的生存意识[J].中华少年,2017(3):291.
[5]聂欢.《岛》的污名研究[J].青年文学家,2016(33):116-117.
[6]Anderson Warwick.Where is the postcolonial history of medicine?[J].Bulletin of the history of Medicine,1998:529.
[7][美]爱德华W萨义德.文化与帝国主义[M].李琨,译,北京:三联书店,2003:71.
[8]郑民,王亭.文学与医学文化[M].济南:山东大学出版社,2015:158.
[9]胡位钧.权力的谱系——从“麻风病模式”到“鼠疫模式”[J].读书,2009(10):84.
[10]A Krojer.Fluid exchanges:artists and critics in the aids critics[M].Toronto:University of Toronto Press,1992:325.
[11]维多利亚·希斯洛普.岛[M].陈新宇,译.海南:南海出版公司,2009.
[12]苏珊·桑塔格.疾病的隐喻[M].陈巍,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2003.
[13]谷操.驱逐与救助:中世纪西欧的麻风病[D].南京:南京大学,2016.
[14]Brody N Saul.The disease of the Soul:leprosy in medieval literature[J].Ithaca:Comell University Press,1974:21.
[15]Richards Peter.The medieval leper and his northern heirs[D].D S Brewer,Rowman and Littlefield,1977.
[16]韩冷.京派小说的疾病隐喻[J].重庆三峡学院学报,2009(4):81-83.
[17]徐文培.开放、指涉的文本世界:冯内古特小说的互文性解读[D].长春:东北师范大学,2012.
[2]谢文琴.死亡之岛绽放生命之花——英国当代小说《岛》对生命的诠释[J].宁波大学学报(人文科学版),2012(25):32-35.
[3]张春燕.“岛”之意象的内涵分析——对维多利亚·希斯洛普小说《岛》的解读[J].淮海工学院学报(人文社会科学版),2013(11):39-41.
[4]余雅璐.希斯洛普《岛》中的生存意识[J].中华少年,2017(3):291.
[5]聂欢.《岛》的污名研究[J].青年文学家,2016(33):116-117.
[6]Anderson Warwick.Where is the postcolonial history of medicine?[J].Bulletin of the history of Medicine,1998:529.
[7][美]爱德华W萨义德.文化与帝国主义[M].李琨,译,北京:三联书店,2003:71.
[8]郑民,王亭.文学与医学文化[M].济南:山东大学出版社,2015:158.
[9]胡位钧.权力的谱系——从“麻风病模式”到“鼠疫模式”[J].读书,2009(10):84.
[10]A Krojer.Fluid exchanges:artists and critics in the aids critics[M].Toronto:University of Toronto Press,1992:325.
[11]维多利亚·希斯洛普.岛[M].陈新宇,译.海南:南海出版公司,2009.
[12]苏珊·桑塔格.疾病的隐喻[M].陈巍,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2003.
[13]谷操.驱逐与救助:中世纪西欧的麻风病[D].南京:南京大学,2016.
[14]Brody N Saul.The disease of the Soul:leprosy in medieval literature[J].Ithaca:Comell University Press,1974:21.
[15]Richards Peter.The medieval leper and his northern heirs[D].D S Brewer,Rowman and Littlefield,1977.
[16]韩冷.京派小说的疾病隐喻[J].重庆三峡学院学报,2009(4):81-83.
[17]徐文培.开放、指涉的文本世界:冯内古特小说的互文性解读[D].长春:东北师范大学,2012.