车辆舱环境空气含氧量的通风计算分析
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摘要
针对车辆运转耗氧导致登陆舰车辆舱内含氧量低,计算柴油车辆发动机耗氧,并基于全面通风计算方法,考虑送风、排风温差对全面通风方程影响,建立内有强热源的车辆舱环境空气含氧量的理论计算模型.并结合某车辆舱实况,采用该含氧量模型计算在无通风、有通风条件下,车辆舱内空气含氧量、空气温度随时间变化规律,并对比分析温差修正前后的计算结果.研究结果表明:在已知送风参数条件下,计算得到了人员在车辆舱内安全工作时所需的通风量;风量一定情况下的车辆舱内含氧量变化规律;以及在不同风量下温差修正的系数、而且温差修正系数随着温差增大而不断增大.为分析及防止车辆舱内工作人员缺氧提供了理论计算参考.
Vehicle hold of landing platform dock(LPD)is the cabin to hold vehicles such as tanks,armored vehicles,and other engineering vehicles.As engines of vehicles started,oxygen inside the vehicle hold is heavily consumed,and vehicle emissions are released.In order to ensure adequate oxygen supplied,first the vehicle oxygen consume was analyzed first,and then the calculation model of oxygen concentration was built to analyze the oxygen content inside the vehicle hold of LPD based on the general ventilation equation.The temperature difference between supply air and exhaust air was considered in building the calculation model.Furthermore,a case was analyzed by this model.The results showed the law that ventilation rate or temperature varies by time,and that the coefficient of temperature correction varies with different ventilation rate.The result is much helpful and valuable for human safety protection by preventing hypoxia inside the vehicle hold.
Vehicle hold of landing platform dock(LPD)is the cabin to hold vehicles such as tanks,armored vehicles,and other engineering vehicles.As engines of vehicles started,oxygen inside the vehicle hold is heavily consumed,and vehicle emissions are released.In order to ensure adequate oxygen supplied,first the vehicle oxygen consume was analyzed first,and then the calculation model of oxygen concentration was built to analyze the oxygen content inside the vehicle hold of LPD based on the general ventilation equation.The temperature difference between supply air and exhaust air was considered in building the calculation model.Furthermore,a case was analyzed by this model.The results showed the law that ventilation rate or temperature varies by time,and that the coefficient of temperature correction varies with different ventilation rate.The result is much helpful and valuable for human safety protection by preventing hypoxia inside the vehicle hold.
引文
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[3] TOMAS G,AGUSTIN S,CARMEN G.Energy,environmental and economic analysis of the ventilation system of enclosed parking garages:Discrepancies with the current regulations[J].Applied Energy,2014(113):622-630.
[4] DEMIR A.Investigation of air quality in the underground and aboveground multi-storey car parks in terms of exhaust emissions[J].Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2015,195:2601-2611.
[5]王西丁.登陆舰坦克车辆大舱通风设计[J].船舶,1992(4):50-54.WANG Xiding.Ventilation design of vehicles cabin in landing platform dock[J].Ship&Boat,1992(4):50-54.
[6]高举红.内有内燃机车辆工作的货舱的通风设计[J].船舶,1994(2):37-40.GAO Juhong.Ventilation design of cargo spaces where internal combustion engine vehicles[J].Ship&Boat,1994(2):37-40.
[7]李强民,邓伟鹏,赵晓辉,等.汽车尾气烟羽的形成及地下车库排风方式[J].暖通空调,2004,34(3):6-9.LI Qiangmin,DENG Weipeng,ZHAO Xiaohui.Formation of automobile emission plume and air exhaust mode of underground parking garages[J].HV&AC,2004,34(3):6-9.
[8] PAPAKONSTANTINOU K,CHALOULAKOU A,VLACHAKIS N,et al.Air quality in an underground garage:computational and experimental investigation of ventilation effectiveness[J].Energy and Buildings,2003(35):934-940.
[9] DUCI A,PAPAKONSTANTINOU K,CHALOULAKOU A,et al.Numerical approach of carbon monoxide concentration dispersion in an enclosed garage[J].Building and Environment,2004(39):1044-1048.
[10] ZHAO Yu,ZHAO Jianing.Numerical assessment of particle dispersion and exposure risk in an underground parking lot[J].Energy and Buildings,2016,33:96-103.
[11]孙一坚,沈恒根.工业通风[M].第4版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010:15-18.SUN Yijian,SHEN Henggen.Industrial ventilation[M].4th ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010:15-18.
[12] PRETREL H,AUDOUIN L.New developments in data regression methods for the characterization of thermal stratification due to fire[J].Fire Safety Journal,2015,76:55-64.
[13]毛宏雨.基于示功图的船用柴油机燃烧过程的研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2010.MAO Hongyu.Study on the combustion process of marine diesel engine based on the indicator diagram[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2010:12-15.
[14]谷操,张敏,卫继新.装甲车辆发动机尾气余热发电的一种新思路[J].车辆与动力技术,2007,3:49-51.GU Cao,ZHANG Min,WEI Jixin.A new design method for waste heat electric-power generation of armeal vehicle engine[J].Vehicle&Power Technology,2007,3:49-51.