猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和猪圆环病毒2型与沙门菌混合感染的病理学诊断
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摘要
2017年1～6月,某猪场约有10%的仔猪在断奶后发生慢性消瘦和腹泻,病死率高达80%。为确诊该猪场疾病,采用病理剖检、PCR/RT-PCR检测、细菌分离鉴定、免疫组化检测、组织病理学分析等方法对病猪进行了诊断。病理剖检发现,肺小叶间质增宽,肝易碎呈棕黄色,肠系膜水肿、肠黏膜面有纤维素性坏死物附着。组织病理学表现为化脓性肺炎、桥接型肝小叶中心坏死、间质性肾炎、坏死性肠炎。从病原学方面检测出猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)与沙门菌(Salm onella)这3种病原。综合病理学和病原学检测结果,认为沙门菌继发于PRRSV和PCV2感染,是造成该场猪群严重死亡的主要原因。
From January to June 2017,about 10% piglets develop chronic wasting and diarrhea after weaning with mortality rate 80% on a farm in Hubei Province.The gross pathology,PCR/RT-PCR,bacterial isolation and identification,immunohistochemistry and histopathological analysis were then carried out to diagnose the disease.Necropsy revealed that the main pathological change were edematous distention of the interlobular septa,fragile liver with yellow-brown discoloration,mesenteric edema,and fibrinous necrotic material adhere to the intestinal mucosa.Morphologic change were suppurative pneumonia,bridginghepaticcentrilobular necrosis,interstitial nephritis and fibrinonecrotic enteritis.In addition,porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)and Salmonella were respectively detected.According to the pathology and etiology results,Salmonella infection secondary to PRRSV and PCV2 might be the leading cause of high mortality in this case.
From January to June 2017,about 10% piglets develop chronic wasting and diarrhea after weaning with mortality rate 80% on a farm in Hubei Province.The gross pathology,PCR/RT-PCR,bacterial isolation and identification,immunohistochemistry and histopathological analysis were then carried out to diagnose the disease.Necropsy revealed that the main pathological change were edematous distention of the interlobular septa,fragile liver with yellow-brown discoloration,mesenteric edema,and fibrinous necrotic material adhere to the intestinal mucosa.Morphologic change were suppurative pneumonia,bridginghepaticcentrilobular necrosis,interstitial nephritis and fibrinonecrotic enteritis.In addition,porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)and Salmonella were respectively detected.According to the pathology and etiology results,Salmonella infection secondary to PRRSV and PCV2 might be the leading cause of high mortality in this case.
引文
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[24]MENG X J.Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2):Pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system[J].Annual Review of Animal Biosciences,2013,1(1):43-64.
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[29]WILLS R W,GRAY J T,FEDORKACRAY P J,et al.Synergism between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)and Salmonella choleraesuis,in swine[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2000,71(3-4):177-192.
[30]MURAKAMI S,OGAWA A,KINOSHITA T,et al.Occurrence of swine salmonellosis in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS)affected pigs concurrently infected with porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)[J].Journal of Veterinary Medical Science,2006,68(4):387-391.
[2]LIU J K,ZHOU X,ZHAI J Q,et al.Emergence of a novel highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in China[J].Transboundary and Emerging Diseases,2017,64(6):2059-2074.
[3]LIU Y Y,LI J D,YANG J,et al.Emergence of different recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses,China[J].Scientific Reports,2018,8(1):8215.
[4]JOAQUIM S.Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)infections:clinical signs,pathology and laboratory diagnosis[J].Virus Research,2012,164(1-2):10-19.
[5]YUE F,CHENG A,ZHU Y,et al.Overexpression of programmed death ligands in naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome[J].Viral Immunology,2015,28(2):101-106.
[6]TAKADA-IWAO A,NAKANISHI M,SOUMA J,et al.Porcine circovirus type 2 potentiates morbidity of Salmonella enterica,serovar choleraesuis in cesarean-derived,colostrum-deprived pigs[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2011,154(1):104-112.
[7]PALLARES F J,HALBUR P G,OPRIESSNIG T,et al.Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV-2)coinfections in US field cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS)[J].Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation,2002,14(6):515-519.
[8]CHAE C.Porcine circovirus type 2 and its associated diseases in Korea[J].Virus Research,2012,164(1-2):107-113.
[9]O'DEA M A,KABAY M J,CARR J,et al.Porcine circovirus-associated disease in weaner pigs in Western Australia[J].Australian Veterinary Journal,2011,89(4):122-130.
[10]ZIMMERMAN J J,KARRIKER L A,RAMIREZ A,et al.Diseases of Swine[M].10th ed.New Jersey:Wiley,2012.
[11]ZACHARY,JAMES F.Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease[M].6th ed.St.Louis,Missouri:Elsevier,2017.
[12]GIANG N T H,LAN N T,NAM N H,et al.Pathological characterization of an outbreak of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in Northern Vietnam[J].Journal of Comparative Pathology,2016,154(2-3):135-149.
[13]隋修锟,侯绍华,林伟东,等.新的高致病性PRRSV毒株FZ16A的分子特征及其致病性的研究[J].中国兽医科学,2018,48(12):1511-1521.SUI Xiu-kun,HOU Shao-hua,LIN Wei-dong,et al.Molecular and pathogenicity analyses of a new highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strain FZ16A[J].Chinese Veterinary Science,2018,48(12):1511-1521.(in Chinese)
[14]SATO K,SHIBAHARA T,ISHIKAWA Y,et al.Evidence of porcine circovirus infection in pigs with wasting disease syndrome from 1985 to 1999 in Hokkaido,Japan[J].Journal of Veterinary Medical Science,2000,62(6):627-633.
[15]MARRUCHELLA G,VALBONRTTI L,BERNABO N,et al.Depletion of follicular dendritic cells in tonsils collected from PMWS-affected pigs[J].Archives of Virology,2017,162(5):1281-1287.
[16]EDDICKS M,HAUSLEITNER R,EDDICKS L,et al.Detection of Salmonella choleraesuis var.Kunzendorf in a fattening pig with septicaemic salmonellosis[J].Tierarztliche Praxis.Ausgabe G,Grosstiere/Nutztiere,2016,44(6):381-387.
[17]URIBE J H,COLLADOROMERO M,ZALDIVARLOPEZ S,et al.Transcriptional analysis of porcine intestinal mucosa infected with Salmonella typhimurium revealed a massive inflammatory response and disruption of bile acid absorption in ileum[J].Veterinary Research,2016,47(1):11.
[18]王天户.PRRSV单独感染及与PCV2混合感染仔猪发病机理研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2006.WANG Tian-hu.Study on the etiopathogenesis of piglets infected with PRRSV and PRRSV/PCV2[D].Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University,2006.(in Chinese)
[19]FAN P,WEI Y,GUO L,et al.Synergistic effects of sequential infection with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syn drome virus and porcine circovirus type 2[J].Virology Journal,2013,10(1):265.
[20]汤景元,姜平,邓雨修,等.猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和致病性沙门菌的混合感染[J].中国兽医学报,2005,25(4):337-338.TANG Jing-yuan,JIANG Ping,DENG Yu-xiu,et al.The combined infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and pathogenic Salmonella in pigs[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science,2005,25(4):337-338.(in Chinese)
[21]HUANG C,DU Y P,YU Z B,et al.Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus Nsp4 cleaves VISA to impair antiviral responses mediated by RIG-I-like receptors[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:28497.
[22]FERRARI L,CANELLI E,ANGELIS E D,et al.A highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus type 1(PRRSV-1)strongly modulates cellular innate and adaptive immune subsets upon experimental infection[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2018,216:85-92.
[23]ZHANG L,ZHOU L,GE X N,et al.The Chinese highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection suppresses Th17 cells response in vivo[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2016,189:75-85.
[24]MENG X J.Porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2):Pathogenesis and interaction with the immune system[J].Annual Review of Animal Biosciences,2013,1(1):43-64.
[25]NING Y,LI J D,QIAN Y,et al.Reduced antigen presentation capability and modified inflammatory/immunosuppressive cytokine expression of induced monocyte-derived dendritic cells from peripheral blood of piglets infected with porcine circovirus type 2[J].Archives of Virology,2018,163(5):1-9.
[26]ALLAN G M,MCNEILLY F,ELLIS J,et al.Experimental infection of colostrum deprived piglets with porcine circovirus 2(PCV2)and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)potentiates PCV2 replication[J].Archives of Virology,2000,145(11):2421-2429.
[27]HARMS P A,SORDEN S D,HALBUR P G,et al.Experimental reproduction of severe disease in CD/CD pigs concurrently infected with type 2 porcine circovirus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus[J].Veterinary Pathology,2015,38(5):528-539.
[28]RAMAMOORTHY S,OPRIESSNIG T,PAL N,et al.Effect of an interferon-stimulated response element(ISRE)mutant of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2)on PCV2-induced pathological lesions in a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)co-infection model[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2011,147(1-2):49-58.
[29]WILLS R W,GRAY J T,FEDORKACRAY P J,et al.Synergism between porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)and Salmonella choleraesuis,in swine[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2000,71(3-4):177-192.
[30]MURAKAMI S,OGAWA A,KINOSHITA T,et al.Occurrence of swine salmonellosis in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS)affected pigs concurrently infected with porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV)[J].Journal of Veterinary Medical Science,2006,68(4):387-391.