不同倍性水稻品种米质分析研究
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摘要
以5份同源四倍体水稻和5份相应的二倍体水稻为材料,对其谷粒性状、垩白度、胶稠度、碱消值、糊化温度和可溶性蛋白质含量进行了差异性比较分析.结果表明,谷粒性状中长宽比和长厚比降低的水稻材料较多,其他性状大多表现为显著增加,其中谷粒体积增加幅度最大,其次为单粒重;水稻染色体加倍后垩白度变化差异较大,同源四倍体水稻大都没有达到优质米水平;胶稠度中红米四倍体达到优质水平,在糊化温度中同源四倍体水稻基本达到中糊化温度;在可溶性蛋白质含量中3个四倍体材料均有显著增加,幅度最大的为圭630(4),另外2个材料没有明显差异.不同水稻品种染色体加倍后对其籽粒大小及米质有一定的影响,通过筛选及改良有望获得高品质的同源四倍体稻米.
The grain character and rice quality( such as chalkiness degree,gel consistency and alkali spreading value,etc) of 5 autotetraploid rice and their diploid rice were analyzed. Results showed that except for the length-width and the length-thickness ratio were lower,most other traits were increased and reached a significantly different level. The largest change was the grain volume,followed by the single grain weight. Chalkiness degree varied widely in autotetraploid rice,and most of them did not meet good character. High quality level of gel consistency was obtained in red autotetraploid rice. The gelatinization temperature of autotetraploid rice basically reached medium level. The content of the soluble protein increasesed significantly in three autotetraploid materials,especially in Gui 630( 4). No significant differences were identified in the other two materials. The doubled chromosomes in rice had definite influence in seed size and rice quality. High quality autotetraploid rice could be obtained by screening and continuous improvement.
The grain character and rice quality( such as chalkiness degree,gel consistency and alkali spreading value,etc) of 5 autotetraploid rice and their diploid rice were analyzed. Results showed that except for the length-width and the length-thickness ratio were lower,most other traits were increased and reached a significantly different level. The largest change was the grain volume,followed by the single grain weight. Chalkiness degree varied widely in autotetraploid rice,and most of them did not meet good character. High quality level of gel consistency was obtained in red autotetraploid rice. The gelatinization temperature of autotetraploid rice basically reached medium level. The content of the soluble protein increasesed significantly in three autotetraploid materials,especially in Gui 630( 4). No significant differences were identified in the other two materials. The doubled chromosomes in rice had definite influence in seed size and rice quality. High quality autotetraploid rice could be obtained by screening and continuous improvement.
引文
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[19]代西梅,黄群策.植物多倍体研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2005(1):9-12.
[2]汪杏莉,谢慧波,黄群策,等.水稻染色体组加倍对其形态和胚乳蛋白质含量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2008(2):21-24.
[3]黄雅琴,黄群策,赵帅鹏.不同染色体组倍性水稻在谷粒性状上的差异比较[J].河南农业科学,2009(10):57-61.
[4]刘建新,陈建国,陈冬玲,等.四倍体水稻花器和花粉性状研究[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(12):3941-3951.
[5]孙鹏,李云,姜金仲,等.植物同源四倍体花器官及种子变异研究进展[J].植物研究,2011,31(2):249-256.
[6]He Yuchi,Wei Qiong,Ge Jie,et al.Genome duplication effects on pollen development and the interrelated physiological substances in tetraploid rice with polyploid meiosis stability[J].Planta,2010,232(5):1219-1228.
[7]陈士强.关于稻麦花粉管伸长和极核受精过程的研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2007.
[8]Tian Zhixi,Yan Chang Jie,Qian Qian,et al.Development of gene-tagged molecular markers for starch synthesis-related genes in rice[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55(33):3768-3777.
[9]石英尧,申广勒,石扬娟,等.杂交早稻垩白度的杂种优势和相关性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(14):3332-3333.
[10]周立军,江玲,刘喜,等.水稻千粒重和垩白粒率的QTL及其互作分析[J].作物学报,2009,35(2):255-261.
[11]Hao Xianbin,Ma Xiufang,Hu Peisong,et al.Relationship between plant type and grain quality of japonica hybrid rice in northern China[J].Rice Science,2010,17(1):43-50.
[12]Ramesh M N,Narasimhan S,Prakash M.Quality evaluation of quick cooking basmati rice[J].Journal of Food Quality,2000,23(2):225-231.
[13]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 593—2002食用稻品种品质[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[14]汤章城.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:392-394.
[15]吕建群,何芳,陈林,等.四川省水稻审定杂交稻米质分析[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,27(1):14-18.
[16]姜松,刘锦伟,朱婷,等.籼米胶稠度测定方法的研究[J].中国粮油学报,2012,27(11):87-91.
[17]傅军如,贺浩华,刘宜柏,等.萍乡显性核不育水稻幼穗发育时期可溶性蛋白质含量的变化研究[J].杂交水稻,2003,18(4):57-60.
[18]彭云霞,王宏霞,李玉萍.植物多倍体研究综述[J].甘肃农业科技,2012(11):29-32.
[19]代西梅,黄群策.植物多倍体研究进展[J].河南农业科学,2005(1):9-12.