按定子d轴电流定向的异步电机滑差补偿
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摘要
异步电机在标量控制(VVVF)下,其转速会随着负载的变化而出现误差,转速控制性能差。针对这一问题,提出了基于矢量控制思想的异步电机滑差补偿法。结合了矢量控制和标量控制两者的优点,在异步电机转子磁链近似恒定的基础上,根据空载励磁电流值来实现转子磁链定向,利用李亚普诺夫理论做稳定性分析,实现异步电机定子电流的励磁分量和转矩分量的分解;根据转矩分量和滑差的线性关系对转速进行补偿,使异步电机重载情况转速波动不超过1. 5%。通过计算机仿真分析和实验验证了方法的有效性。
Speed performance of asynchronous motor gets worse as load varies under scalar control( VVVF). This paper presents a method based on vector control for the slip compensation of asynchronous motor which combines the advantages of vector control and scalar control. On basis of approximately constant rotor flux linkage of asynchronous motor,rotor flux orientation was realized according to no-load excitation current,and stator current was resolved into excitation component and torque component. The stability was analyzed based on Lyapunov theory. Compensation according to the linear relationship between the torque component and the slip led to a better speed performance under heavy load. Simulation and experimental results are presented in the paper to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Speed performance of asynchronous motor gets worse as load varies under scalar control( VVVF). This paper presents a method based on vector control for the slip compensation of asynchronous motor which combines the advantages of vector control and scalar control. On basis of approximately constant rotor flux linkage of asynchronous motor,rotor flux orientation was realized according to no-load excitation current,and stator current was resolved into excitation component and torque component. The stability was analyzed based on Lyapunov theory. Compensation according to the linear relationship between the torque component and the slip led to a better speed performance under heavy load. Simulation and experimental results are presented in the paper to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
引文
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[2]郑泽东,陈宁宁,李永东.基于模型预测控制的异步电机弱磁控制新方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(03):33.ZHENG Zedong,CHEN Ningning,LI Yongdong. A novel fluxweakening method for induction motors based on model predictivecontrol[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(03):33.
[3]孙伟,于泳,王高林,等.基于矢量控制的异步电机预测电流控制算法[J].中国电机工程学报2014,34(21):3448.SUN Wei,YU Yong,WANG Gaolin,et al. A predictive currentcontrol scheme for induction motor with vector control[J]. Pro-ceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(21):3448.
[4]张虎,张永昌,夏波,等.基于空间矢量调制的感应电机无速度传感器模型预测磁链控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(03):97.ZHANG Hu,ZHANG Yongchang,XIA Bo,et al. Speed sensor-less model predictive flux control of induction motor drives basedon space vector modulation[J]. Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2017,32(03):97.
[5]胡维昊,王跃,李明烜,等.基于MRAS的多相永磁直驱型风力发电系统无速度传感器控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(23):118.HU Weihao,WANG Yue,LI Mingxuan,et al. Research on sen-sorless control strategy of direct drive multiphase PMSG wind pow-ergeneration system based on MRAS[J]. Power System Protectionand Control,2014,42(23):118.
[6]姜杰,王学斌,殷家敏,等.基于感应电动机复数简化模型的参数辨识研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(19):87.JIANG Jie,WANG Xuebin,YIN Jiamin,et al. Research on iden-tification of induction motor based on its simplified complex quanti-ty models[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(19):87.
[7]魏宇峰,胡文斌.无位置传感器异步电机矢量控制系统研究[J].电气技术,2016,202(08):19.WEI Yufeng,HU Wenbin. Research on position sensorless asyn-chronous motor vector control system[J]. Electrical Engineering,2016,202(08):19.
[8]张星,瞿文龙,陆海峰.一种能消除直流偏置和稳态误差的电压型磁链观测器[J].电工电能新技术,2006,25(01):39.ZHANG Xing,QU Wenlong,LU Haifeng. Method for eliminationof DC offset and steady state error for voltage module flux observer[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2006,25(01):39.
[9] HOLTZ J. Sensorless control of induction motor drives[J]. Pro-ceedings of the IEEE,2002,90(8):1359.
[10] MONDAL S K,PINTO J O P,BOSE B K. A neural-network-basedspace-vector PWM controller for a three-level voltage-fed inverterinduction motor drive[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Appli-cations. 2002,38(3):660.
[11] DUNCAN J. Linear induction motor-equivalent-circuit model[J]. IEE Proceedings B-Electric Power Applications,2008,130(1):51.
[12]曹朋朋,张兴,杨淑英,等.基于李雅普诺夫稳定理论的异步电机在线转子时间常数辨识方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3947.CAO Pengpeng,ZHANG Xing,YANG Shuying,et al. Onlinerotor time constant identification of induction motors based onLyapunov Stability Theory[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3947.
[13]张永昌,赵争鸣,张颖超,等.基于全阶观测器的三电平逆变器异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统[J].电工技术学报,2008,23(11):34.ZHANG Yongchang, ZHAO Zhengming, ZHANG Yingchao.Sensorless vector control system of induction motor fed by three-level inverter using a full order observer[J]. Transactions ofChina Electrotechnical Society,2008,23(11):34.
[14]尹忠刚,赵昌,钟彦儒,等.采用抗差扩展卡尔曼滤波器的感应电机转速估计方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(18):152.YIN Zhonggang,ZHAO Chang,ZHONG Yanru,et al. A speedestimation method of induction motors using the robust extendedKalman filter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(18):152.
[15] LASCU C,BOLDEA I,BLAABJERG F. Variable-structure directtorque control-a class of fast and robust controllers for inductionmachine drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2004,51(4):785.
[16] LASCU C,BOLDEA I,BLAABJERG F. Comparative study of a-daptive and inherently sensorless observers for variable-speed in-duction-motor drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Elec-tronics,2006,53(1):57.
[17] LI Jingchuan,XU Longya,ZHANG Zheng. An adaptive sliding-mode observer for induction motor sensorless speed control[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2005,41(4):1039.
[18] MCGAUGHEY D R,TARBOUCHI M,NUTT K. Speed sensorlessestimation of AC induction motors using the fast orthogonal searchalgorithm[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2006,21(1):112.
[19]张永昌,杨海涛.异步电机无速度传感器模型预测控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(15):2422.ZHANG Yongchang,YANG Haitao. Model predictive control forspeed sensorless induction motor drive[J] Proceedings of theCSEE,2014,34(15):2422.