索尔·贝娄的“还乡”情结与“还乡”之路
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摘要
还乡情结是萦绕在当代美国作家索尔·贝娄小说中的一种挥之不去的情愫。家园的不在场是其小说人物困惑、迷惘的根源。对这种缺失的越来越清晰的意识,使得"还乡"成为他们愈加强烈的愿望。贝娄笔下的主人公经历了心灵的迷途,最终实现心灵的"还乡",这得益于他们在审美、犹太历史、文化传统、人道主义情感等方面得到的救赎。他们实现还乡之梦的途径体现了贝娄对人类"还乡"之路的独特而深刻的探索,折射出了贝娄的乡愁意识和人文情怀。
The return home complex is a passionate feeling lingering in Saul Bellow's novels. The absence of homeland,especially the spiritual homeland is the source of perplexity and bewilderment of Saul Bellow's protagonists. The more they are conscious of the absence,the stronger their wishes for return to the native place are. His protagonists have undergone the psychological progress from the exile of soul to the return of the homeland,from getting lost to returning home. The enrichment and tranquility of their souls benefit from the redemption in the sense of the therapeutic function of art,nature and Jewish historical,cultural tradition as well as humanistic feelings. The medicaments prescribed by Saul Bellow are just the means of the realization of the dream of Bellow's protagonists. These means embody Saul Bellow's nostalgic consciousness as well as his exploration of the ways to return home,all of which reflect Bellow's humanistic sensibilities.
The return home complex is a passionate feeling lingering in Saul Bellow's novels. The absence of homeland,especially the spiritual homeland is the source of perplexity and bewilderment of Saul Bellow's protagonists. The more they are conscious of the absence,the stronger their wishes for return to the native place are. His protagonists have undergone the psychological progress from the exile of soul to the return of the homeland,from getting lost to returning home. The enrichment and tranquility of their souls benefit from the redemption in the sense of the therapeutic function of art,nature and Jewish historical,cultural tradition as well as humanistic feelings. The medicaments prescribed by Saul Bellow are just the means of the realization of the dream of Bellow's protagonists. These means embody Saul Bellow's nostalgic consciousness as well as his exploration of the ways to return home,all of which reflect Bellow's humanistic sensibilities.
引文
[1]MICHAEL K.GLENDAY.Saul Bellow and the Decline of Humanism[M].London:The Macmillan Press,1990:119,12,150.
[2]JOHN JACOB CLAYTON.Saul Bellow:In Defense of Man[M].Bloomington&London:Indiana University Press,1979.
[3]马凌.后现代主义中的学院派小说家[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2004:289.
[4]索尔·贝娄.赫索格[M].宋兆霖,译.桂林:漓江人民出版社,1985:162,301,300.
[5]黄健,王东莉.文学与人生[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2004:62,104.
[6]M.H.ABRAMS.镜与灯:浪漫主义文论及批评传统[M].鹂稚牛,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2004:414.
[7]郑乐平.经济·社会·宗教:马克斯·韦伯文选[M].上海:上海社会科学院出版社,1997:102.
[8]弗里德里希·尼采.权力意志:重估一切价值的尝试[M].张念东,译.北京:中央编译出版社,2000:294.
[9]杜卫.审美功利主义:中国现代美育理论研究[M].北京:人民出版社,2004:171.
[10]毛信德,蒋跃,韦胜杭.诺贝尔文学奖颁奖演说集[M].南昌:百花洲文艺出版社,1992:623,623,637.
[11]EUGENE HOLLAHAN.Saul Bellow and the Struggle at the Center[M].New York:AMS Press,1996.
[12]钱满素.美国当代小说家论[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,1987:83,83.
[13]吴玲英.索尔·贝娄与拉尔夫·埃里森的“边缘人”研究[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2005:119.
[2]JOHN JACOB CLAYTON.Saul Bellow:In Defense of Man[M].Bloomington&London:Indiana University Press,1979.
[3]马凌.后现代主义中的学院派小说家[M].天津:天津人民出版社,2004:289.
[4]索尔·贝娄.赫索格[M].宋兆霖,译.桂林:漓江人民出版社,1985:162,301,300.
[5]黄健,王东莉.文学与人生[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2004:62,104.
[6]M.H.ABRAMS.镜与灯:浪漫主义文论及批评传统[M].鹂稚牛,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2004:414.
[7]郑乐平.经济·社会·宗教:马克斯·韦伯文选[M].上海:上海社会科学院出版社,1997:102.
[8]弗里德里希·尼采.权力意志:重估一切价值的尝试[M].张念东,译.北京:中央编译出版社,2000:294.
[9]杜卫.审美功利主义:中国现代美育理论研究[M].北京:人民出版社,2004:171.
[10]毛信德,蒋跃,韦胜杭.诺贝尔文学奖颁奖演说集[M].南昌:百花洲文艺出版社,1992:623,623,637.
[11]EUGENE HOLLAHAN.Saul Bellow and the Struggle at the Center[M].New York:AMS Press,1996.
[12]钱满素.美国当代小说家论[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,1987:83,83.
[13]吴玲英.索尔·贝娄与拉尔夫·埃里森的“边缘人”研究[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2005:119.