不同地质年代煤矸石中有机质的溶出特征对比
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摘要
分别以神东矿区补连塔矿侏罗纪煤矸石和保德矿二叠纪煤矸石为研究对象,通过浸泡实验,结合三维荧光光谱测试技术及平行因子分析法,对比研究2种煤矸石中有机质的溶出特征,这对于开展煤矿区地下水库水处理机理研究具有重要意义。研究结果表明:由于煤矸石自身矿物组成不同,补连塔矿煤矸石浸泡液中总离子质量浓度高于保德矿,且2种煤矸石浸泡液均呈弱碱性;其中补连塔矿煤矸石溶解性有机质(DOM)中含有较多的共轭双键或苯环类简单芳香族化合物,以富里酸和分子量较大的陆源类腐殖质为主,且含量普遍高于保德矿,而保德矿煤矸石中富里酸和酪氨酸类有机质较多。根据DOM样品荧光指数(FI)、生物源指数(BIX)、腐殖化指数(HIX)的计算结果,2种煤矸石中DOM主要为内源有机质,并具有较强的自生源特征,且煤矸石形成地质年代越早,煤矸石DOM样品的"微生物源"特征越明显。
Taken the unweathered coal gangues obtained from the Jurassic coalbed of Bulianta mine and the Carboniferous-Permian coalbed of Baode mine located in Shendong mining area as the research subjects, the dissolution characteristics of organic matter in two kinds of coal gangues were studied comparatively through soaking experiments, and combined with three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry and parallel factor analysis. It is significant for the underground reservoir to study mechanism of water treatment in coal mining areas. These results indicate that the total ion concentration in DOM sample of coal gangue of Bulianta mine is higher than that of Baode mine due to the different mineral constituents, and the two kind of DOM samples of coal gangue are all weakly alkaline. Among them, the DOM of Bulianta mine contains more conjugated double bonds or benzene ring simple aromatic compounds, more fulvic acid and the terrestrial humus with larger molecular weight, and the content of DOM is generally higher than that of Baode mine. But the fulvic acid and tyrosine organic matter content in Baode mine coal gangue are relatively high. According to the calculation results of FI, BIX and HIX indices of DOM samples, the DOM in two kinds of coal gangues is mainly endogenous organic matter, and it has strong spontaneous source characteristics. The earlier the geological time of coal gangue formation is, the more obvious the "microorganism source" feature of coal gangue of DOM samples are.
Taken the unweathered coal gangues obtained from the Jurassic coalbed of Bulianta mine and the Carboniferous-Permian coalbed of Baode mine located in Shendong mining area as the research subjects, the dissolution characteristics of organic matter in two kinds of coal gangues were studied comparatively through soaking experiments, and combined with three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry and parallel factor analysis. It is significant for the underground reservoir to study mechanism of water treatment in coal mining areas. These results indicate that the total ion concentration in DOM sample of coal gangue of Bulianta mine is higher than that of Baode mine due to the different mineral constituents, and the two kind of DOM samples of coal gangue are all weakly alkaline. Among them, the DOM of Bulianta mine contains more conjugated double bonds or benzene ring simple aromatic compounds, more fulvic acid and the terrestrial humus with larger molecular weight, and the content of DOM is generally higher than that of Baode mine. But the fulvic acid and tyrosine organic matter content in Baode mine coal gangue are relatively high. According to the calculation results of FI, BIX and HIX indices of DOM samples, the DOM in two kinds of coal gangues is mainly endogenous organic matter, and it has strong spontaneous source characteristics. The earlier the geological time of coal gangue formation is, the more obvious the "microorganism source" feature of coal gangue of DOM samples are.
引文
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[18]王东东.鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世延安组层序-古地理与聚煤规律[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2012.
[19]徐良才,邹勇军,郭英海.河东煤田北部地区山西组沉积相研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2013,25(9):18-24.XU Liangcai,ZOU Yongjun,GUO Yinghai.Study on Shanxi Formation sedimentary facies in northern part of Hedong coalfield[J].Coal Geology of China,2013,25(9):18-24.
[20]李明培,邵龙义,董大啸,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘泥质岩黏土矿物特征及其地质意义[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(2):39-44.LI Mingpei,SHAO Longyi,DONG Daxiao,et al.Clay mineral characteristics and its geological significance in argillaceous rock in eastern margin of Ordos basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(2):39-44.
[21]蒋绍阶,刘宗源.UV254作为水处理中有机物控制指标的意义[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2005,24(2):61-65.JIANG Shaojie,LIU Zongyuan.The meaning of UV254 as an organic matter monitoring parameter in water supply&wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2005,24(2):61-65.
[22]FELLMAN J B,HOOD E,SPENCER R G.Fluorescence spectroscopy opens new windows into dissolved organic matter dynamics in freshwater ecosystems:A review[J].2010,55(6):2452-2462.
[23]刘丽贞,黄琪,吴永明,等.鄱阳湖CDOM三维荧光光谱的平行因子分析[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(1):293-302.LIU Lizhen,HUANG Qi,WU Yongming,et al.Fluorescent characteristics of CDOM in Poyang Lake analyzed by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(1):293-302.
[24]祝鹏,廖海清,华祖林,等.平行因子分析法在太湖水体三维荧光峰比值分析中的应用[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012(1):152-156.ZHU Peng,LIAO Haiqing,HUA Zulin,et al.Parallel factor analysis as an analysis technique for the ratio of three-dimensional fluorescence peak in Taihu Lake[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012(1):152-156.
[25]TEDETTI M,CUET P,GUIGUE C,et al.Characterization of dissolved organic matter in a coral reef ecosystem subjected to anthropogenic pressures(La Réunion Island,Indian Ocean)using multi-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy[J].Science of The Total Environment,2011,409(11):2198-2210.
[26]冯伟莹,朱元荣,吴丰昌,等.太湖水体溶解性有机质荧光特征及其来源解析[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(2):475-482.FENG Weiying,ZHU Yuanrong,WU Fengchang,et al.The fluorescent characteristics and sources of dissolved organic matter in water of Tai Lake,China[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(2):475-482.
[27]HASSOUNA M,MASSIANI C,DUDAL Y,et al.Changes in water extractable organic matter(WEOM)in a calcareous soil under field conditions with time and soil depth[J].Geoderma,2010,155:75-85.
[28]HUGUET A,VACHER L,RELEXANS S,et al.Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Gironde Estuary[J].Organic Geochemistry,2009,40(6):706-719.
[29]ZHANG Yunlin,ZHANG Enlou,YIN Yan,et al.Characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in lakes of the Yungui Plateau,China,differing in trophic state and altitude[J].Limnol Oceanogr,2010,55(6):2645-2659.
[2]郭洋楠,李能考,何瑞敏.神东矿区煤矸石综合利用研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(6):144-147.GUO Yangnan,LI Nengkao,HE Ruimin.Study on comprehensive utilization of coal refuse in Shendong mining area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(6):144-147.
[3]左鹏飞.煤矸石的综合利用方法[J].煤炭技术,2009,28(1):186-189.ZUO Pengfei.Comprehensive utilization of coal gangue[J].Coal Technology,2009,28(1):186-189.
[4]ZHOU C,LIU G,WU D,et al.Mobility behavior and environmental implications of trace elements associated with coal gangue:A case study at the Huainan coalfield in China[J].Chemosphere,2014,95(1):193-199.
[5]郑刘根,丁帅帅,刘丛丛,等.不同类型煤矸石中环境敏感性微量元素淋滤特性[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(2):703-710.ZHENG Liugen,DING Shuaishuai,LIU Congcong,et al.Leaching characteristics of environmentally sensitive trace elements in different types of coal gangue[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(2):703-710.
[6]刘钦甫,郑丽华,张金山,等.煤矸石中氮溶出的动态淋滤实验[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(6):1009-1014.LIU Qinfu,ZHENG Lihua,ZHANG Jinshan,et al.Continuous leaching experiments of nitrogen from coal gangue[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(6):1009-1014.
[7]赵洪宇,李玉环,宋强,等.煤矸石动态循环淋溶液的特性[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(2):1171-1177.ZHAO Hongyu,LI Yuhuan,SONG Qiang,et al.Characteristics of dynamic cyclic percolation solution from coal gangue[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2017,11(2):1171-1177.
[8]TANG Q,LI L,ZHANG S,et al.Characterization of heavy metals in coal gangue-reclaimed soils from a coal mining area[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2018,186:1-11.
[9]王念秦,贺磊,汤廉超,等.陕北矿区煤矸石淋滤试验研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(1):110-113.WANG Nianqin,HE Lei,TANG Lianchao,et al.Coal gangue leaching experiment of mining area in northern Shaanxi[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(1):110-113.
[10]FAN J S,SUN Y Z,LI X Y.Pollution of organic compounds and heavy metals in a coal gangue dump of the Gequan coal mine,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2013,32(3):241-247.
[11]LI J J,TANG Y G,MA J T,et al.The variation of organic matter in the weathering of coal gangue and process soil forming[J].The Society for Organic Petrology,2006,23:15-22.
[12]王明仕,刘琳瑶,宋党育.煤矸石-粉煤灰烧结砖中微量元素的浸出特征研究[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2016,35(6):823-827.WANG Mingshi,LIU Linyao,SONG Dangyu.Leaching characteristics of trace elements in the sintered brick made from coal gangue and fly ash[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2016,35(6):823-827.
[13]赵丽,田云飞,王世东,等.煤矸石中溶解性有机质(DOM)溶出的动力学变化[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(9):2457-2463.ZHAO Li,TIAN Yunfei,WANG Shidong,et al.Dynamic changes of dissolved organic matter(DOM)from coal gangue[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(9):2457-2463.
[14]STEDMON C A,MARKAGER S.Tracing the production and degradation of autochthonous fractions of dissolved organic matter by fluorescence analysis[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2005,50(5):1415-1426.
[15]訾园园,孔范龙,郗敏,等.胶州湾滨海湿地土壤溶解性有机质的三维荧光特性[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3871-3881.ZI Yuanyuan,KONG Fanlong,XI Min,et al.Three dimensional fluorescent characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)in Jiaozhou bay coastal wetlands,China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(12):3871-3881.
[16]STEDMON C A,BRO R.Characterizing dissolved organic matter fluorescence with parallel factor analysis:A tutorial[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2008,6:1-6.
[17]MURPHY K R,STEDMON C A,GRAEBER D,et al.Fluorescence spectroscopy and multi-way techniques.PARAFAC?[J].Analytical Methods,2013,5(23):6557-6566.
[18]王东东.鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世延安组层序-古地理与聚煤规律[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2012.
[19]徐良才,邹勇军,郭英海.河东煤田北部地区山西组沉积相研究[J].中国煤炭地质,2013,25(9):18-24.XU Liangcai,ZOU Yongjun,GUO Yinghai.Study on Shanxi Formation sedimentary facies in northern part of Hedong coalfield[J].Coal Geology of China,2013,25(9):18-24.
[20]李明培,邵龙义,董大啸,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东缘泥质岩黏土矿物特征及其地质意义[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(2):39-44.LI Mingpei,SHAO Longyi,DONG Daxiao,et al.Clay mineral characteristics and its geological significance in argillaceous rock in eastern margin of Ordos basin[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(2):39-44.
[21]蒋绍阶,刘宗源.UV254作为水处理中有机物控制指标的意义[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2005,24(2):61-65.JIANG Shaojie,LIU Zongyuan.The meaning of UV254 as an organic matter monitoring parameter in water supply&wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2005,24(2):61-65.
[22]FELLMAN J B,HOOD E,SPENCER R G.Fluorescence spectroscopy opens new windows into dissolved organic matter dynamics in freshwater ecosystems:A review[J].2010,55(6):2452-2462.
[23]刘丽贞,黄琪,吴永明,等.鄱阳湖CDOM三维荧光光谱的平行因子分析[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(1):293-302.LIU Lizhen,HUANG Qi,WU Yongming,et al.Fluorescent characteristics of CDOM in Poyang Lake analyzed by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(1):293-302.
[24]祝鹏,廖海清,华祖林,等.平行因子分析法在太湖水体三维荧光峰比值分析中的应用[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012(1):152-156.ZHU Peng,LIAO Haiqing,HUA Zulin,et al.Parallel factor analysis as an analysis technique for the ratio of three-dimensional fluorescence peak in Taihu Lake[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012(1):152-156.
[25]TEDETTI M,CUET P,GUIGUE C,et al.Characterization of dissolved organic matter in a coral reef ecosystem subjected to anthropogenic pressures(La Réunion Island,Indian Ocean)using multi-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy[J].Science of The Total Environment,2011,409(11):2198-2210.
[26]冯伟莹,朱元荣,吴丰昌,等.太湖水体溶解性有机质荧光特征及其来源解析[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(2):475-482.FENG Weiying,ZHU Yuanrong,WU Fengchang,et al.The fluorescent characteristics and sources of dissolved organic matter in water of Tai Lake,China[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(2):475-482.
[27]HASSOUNA M,MASSIANI C,DUDAL Y,et al.Changes in water extractable organic matter(WEOM)in a calcareous soil under field conditions with time and soil depth[J].Geoderma,2010,155:75-85.
[28]HUGUET A,VACHER L,RELEXANS S,et al.Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Gironde Estuary[J].Organic Geochemistry,2009,40(6):706-719.
[29]ZHANG Yunlin,ZHANG Enlou,YIN Yan,et al.Characteristics and sources of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in lakes of the Yungui Plateau,China,differing in trophic state and altitude[J].Limnol Oceanogr,2010,55(6):2645-2659.